scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Induced by Pterostilbene and Resveratrol in High-Fat-High-Fructose Fed Rats: Putative Role in Steatohepatitis Onset

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1738
Author(s):  
Iñaki Milton-Laskibar ◽  
Laura Judith Marcos-Zambrano ◽  
Saioa Gómez-Zorita ◽  
Alfredo Fernández-Quintela ◽  
Enrique Carrillo de Santa de Santa Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Methoxy Derivative ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Resveratrol and its 2-methoxy derivative pterostilbene are two phenolic compounds that occur in foodstuffs and feature hepato-protective effects. This study is devoted to analysing and comparing the metabolic effects of pterostilbene and resveratrol on gut microbiota composition in rats displaying NAFLD induced by a diet rich in saturated fat and fructose. The associations among changes induced by both phenolic compounds in liver status and those induced in gut microbiota composition were also analysed. For this purpose, fifty Wistar rats were distributed in five experimental groups: a group of animals fed a standard diet (CC group) and four additional groups fed a high-fat high-fructose diet alone (HFHF group) or supplemented with 15 or 30 mg/kg bw/d of pterostilbene (PT15 and PT30 groups, respectively) or 30 mg/kg bw/d of resveratrol (RSV30 group). The dramatic changes induced by high-fat high-fructose feeding in the gut microbiota were poorly ameliorated by pterostilbene or resveratrol. These results suggest that the specific changes in microbiota composition induced by pterostilbene (increased abundances of Akkermansia and Erysipelatoclostridium, and lowered abundance of Clostridum sensu stricto 1) may not entirely explain the putative preventive effects on steatohepatitis.

scholarly journals Highly Branched Neo-Fructans (Agavins) Attenuate Metabolic Endotoxemia and Low-Grade Inflammation in Association with Gut Microbiota Modulation on High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1792
Author(s):  
Alicia Huazano-García ◽  
María Blanca Silva-Adame ◽  
Juan Vázquez-Martínez ◽  
Argel Gastelum-Arellanez ◽  
Lino Sánchez-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Metabolic Endotoxemia ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Highly branched neo-fructans (agavins) are natural prebiotics found in Agave plants, with a large capacity to mitigate the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the impact of agavins intake on gut microbiota modulation and their metabolites as well as their effect on metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation in mice fed high-fat diet. Mice were fed with a standard diet (ST) and high-fat diet (HF) alone or plus an agavins supplement (HF+A) for ten weeks. Gut microbiota composition, fecal metabolite profiles, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and systemic effects were analyzed. Agavins intake induced substantial changes in gut microbiota composition, enriching Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Allobaculum, and Akkermansia genus (LDA > 3.0). l-leucine, l-valine, uracil, thymine, and some fatty acids were identified as possible biomarkers for this prebiotic supplement. As novel findings, agavins supplementation significantly decreased LPS and pro-inflammatory (IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α; p < 0.05) cytokines levels in portal vein. In addition, lipid droplets content in the liver and adipocytes size also decreased with agavins consumption. In conclusion, agavins supplementation mitigate metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation and their metabolic products, thus inducing beneficial responses on metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Chunyan Xie ◽  
Zhenya Zhai ◽  
Ze-yuan Deng ◽  
Hugo R. De Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

This study aimed to investigate the effect of uridine on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sik Yu So ◽  
Qinglong Wu ◽  
Kin Sum Leung ◽  
Zuzanna Maria Kundi ◽  
Tor C Savidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-week dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1 vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared to the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 weeks. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.

Dietary wood pulp-derived sterols modulation of cholesterol metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet-fed hamsters

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Huali Wang ◽  
Tianxin Wang ◽  
Fuping Zheng ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Wood Pulp ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fecal Sterols ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Wood pulp-derived sterols (WS) supplementation ameliorated HFD-associated metabolic disorder; WS supplementation increased the amounts of fecal sterols excretion and SCFAs content; WS supplementation modulated gut microbiota composition.

scholarly journals Effect of A Polyphenol-Rich Canarium album Extract on the Composition of the Gut Microbiota of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning-Ning Zhang ◽  
Wen-Hui Guo ◽  
Han Hu ◽  
A-Rong Zhou ◽  
Qing-Pei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Canarium Album ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Medium Dose

This study investigated the influence of Canarium album extract (CAext) on intestinal microbiota composition of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Kun Ming (KM) mice were fed either a normal chow diet or a HFD for six weeks. At the seventh week, HFD-fed mice were gavaged daily with saline, or a different dose of CAext for four weeks, respectively. Then, the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. Analysis of fecal microbial populations, grouped by phyla, showed significant increases of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia, but a decrease of Bacteroidetes in all CAext-fed mice. Particularly, CAext gavage in a low dose or a medium dose caused a significant increase in the proportion of Akkermansia. These findings suggested that CAext can alter the gut microbiota composition of HFD-fed mice, and had a potential prebiotic effects on Akkermansia.

Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Shi ◽  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Cong Teng ◽  
Yang Yao ◽  
Guixing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Amylase Inhibitors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

scholarly journals Metformin Exerts Anti-inflammatory and Mucus Barrier Protective Effects by Enriching Akkermansia muciniphila in Mice With Ulcerative Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Ke ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Wenlin Deng ◽  
Zitong Li ◽  
Siqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mucus Barrier ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The present study aimed to determine if metformin exerts anti-inflammatory and mucus-protective effects via the gut microbiota. Metformin has extensive benefits including anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies showed that metformin changed the gut microbiota composition and increases the number of goblet cells. Intestinal dysbiosis and goblet cell depletion are important features of ulcerative colitis (UC). The underlying mechanism and whether metformin can improve the mucus barrier in UC remain unclear. Metformin (400 mg/kg/day) was administered to mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC for 2 wk to investigate the effects of metformin on the intestinal mucus barrier. The gut microbiota was depleted, using antibiotics, to explore its role in the mucus-protecting effects of metformin. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), which was enriched in metformin-treated mice, was administered to mice to investigate the effects of the bacteria on UC and the mucus barrier. Metformin attenuated DSS-induced UC in mice, as evidenced by the alleviation of diarrhea, hematochezia, and the decrease in body weight. The expression of mucin2, a prominent mucus barrier protein, was increased in the metformin-treated group compared to the DSS-treated group. Furthermore, fecal 16S rRNA analysis showed that metformin treatment changed the gut microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia species while decreasing Erysipelatoclostridium at the genus level. Antibiotic treatment partly abolished the anti-inflammatory and mucus-protecting effects of metformin. Administration of A. muciniphila alleviated the colonic inflammation and mucus barrier disruption. Metformin alleviated DSS-induced UC in mice and protected against cell damage via affecting the gut microbiota, thereby providing a new mechanism for the therapeutic effect of metformin in patients with UC. This study also provides evidence that A. muciniphila as a probiotic has potential benefits for UC.

scholarly journals The impact of exercise training and resveratrol supplementation on gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet fed mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. e13881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Brandt ◽  
Dorota Kotowska ◽  
Caroline M. Kristensen ◽  
Jesper Olesen ◽  
Ditte O. Lützhøft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition
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