scholarly journals Seafood Intake as a Method of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) Prevention in Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1422
Author(s):  
Dominika Jamioł-Milc ◽  
Jowita Biernawska ◽  
Magdalena Liput ◽  
Laura Stachowska ◽  
Zdzisław Domiszewski
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Seafood (fish in particular) is one of the main food groups in nutrition models with proven health benefits. Seafood has long been considered a very valuable dietary component, mainly due to presence of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) but it is also an important source of protein (including collagen), anserine, taurine, iodine, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin K, vitamin D, tocopherols, B vitamins and astaxanthin. Considering the beneficial effects of these ingredients on blood pressure, lipid profile and the inflammatory process, seafood should be an essential component of the diet. Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and mental disorder, chronic respiratory diseases are common diseases associated with advanced age. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle (including proper nutritional behavior) and prevention of diseases are the most effective and efficient ways to decrease premature mortality from NCD and to maintain mental health and well-being. This review article shows the potential preventive and therapeutic effects of seafood with an emphasis on fish. Our narrative review presents the results of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

scholarly journals The Practicality of Mobile Applications in Healthcare Administration and COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Nursyamila Zamri ◽  
Fathima Begum Syed Mohideen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Healthcare Administration ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mhealth Apps

Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) aid healthcare administration through monitoring health issues and virtually achieving personal well-being goals. There are numerous mHealth apps available; however, their usefulness is unclear. Furthermore, older age groups may be unfamiliar with mHealth apps. Therefore, the purpose of this literature review is to provide an overview of the practicality of mHealth apps in healthcare administration. mHealth apps carry important roles for non-communicable and infectious diseases, primarily during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, people with different backgrounds or ages need to understand to utilise mHealth apps, particularly the ‘MySejahtera’ app. Thus, the classifications, functions, advantages, and disadvantages of mHealth apps are addressed. The information was obtained from a variety of electronic databases, including PUBMED, Google Scholar, UpToDate, and web sources. Several journals, books, articles, and reports were retrieved and analysed based on their relevance from May 2011 to November 2020. Non-communicable diseases, particularly chronic diseases, can be assisted by mHealth as the unique interaction via mHealth apps assist patients in executing optimistic behaviours towards a healthy lifestyle. In the case of COVID-19, this review emphasises the importance of the ‘MySejahtera’ app, which is actively being used in Malaysia to handle the COVID-19 pandemic. This article also discusses mHealth apps’ effectiveness and how Malaysians used the ‘MySejahtera’ app during the COVID-19 pandemic. More secure apps, comparable to the ‘MySejahtera’ app are required to manage infectious diseases like COVID-19 and non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus since the number of mobile app users will continue to grow worldwide.

An egalitarian society? Widening inequalities in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases in Australia, 2006-16

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Adair ◽  
Alan D Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Geographical Inequalities ◽  
Life Expectancy Increase

Abstract Background The recent slowdown in life expectancy increase in Australia has occurred concurrently with widening socioeconomic and geographical inequalities in all-cause mortality risk. We analysed whether, and to what extent, mortality inequalities among specific non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Australia at ages 35–74 years widened during 2006–16. Methods Registered deaths that occurred during 2006–16 in Australia were analysed. Inequalities were measured by area socioeconomic quintile [ranging from Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)] and remoteness (major cities, inner regional, outer regional/remote/very remote). Age-standardized death rates (ASDR) for 35–74 years were calculated and smoothed over time. Results NCD mortality inequalities by area socioeconomic quintile widened; the ratio of Q1 to Q5 ASDR for males increased from 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.91–2.01] in 2011 to 2.08 (2.03–2.13) in 2016, and for females from 1.78 (1.73–1.84) to 1.96 (1.90–2.02). Moreover, Q1 NCD ASDRs did not clearly decline from 2011 to 2016. CVD mortality inequalities were wider than for all NCDs. There were particularly large increases in smoking-related mortality inequalities. In 2016, mortality inequalities were especially high for chronic respiratory diseases, alcohol-related causes and diabetes. NCD mortality rates outside major cities were higher than within major cities, and these differences widened during 2006–16. Higher mortality rates in inner regional areas than in major cities were explained by socioeconomic factors. Conclusions Widening of inequalities in premature mortality rates is a major public health issue in Australia in the context of slowing mortality decline. Inequalities are partly explained by major risk factors for CVDs and NCDs: being overweight or obese, lack of exercise, poor diet and smoking. There is a need for urgent policy responses that consider socioeconomic disadvantage.

Non-Communicable Diseases and Global Health Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-659
Author(s):  
Roger Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Control

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are responsible for around 70 percent of global deaths each year. This chapter describes how NCDs have become prevalent and critically evaluates global efforts to address NCDs and their risk factors, with a particular focus on the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) system. It explores the factors that have prevented those addressing NCDs from achieving access to resources and a priority commensurate with their impact on people’s lives. The chapter evaluates the global response to NCDs both prior to and since the UN High-Level Meeting on Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, held in 2011, and considers opportunities for strengthening that response in future.

scholarly journals The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Endorses the Milan Charter on Urban Obesity

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michele O. Carruba ◽  
Luca Busetto ◽  
Sheree Bryant ◽  
Antonio Caretto ◽  
Nathalie J. Farpour-Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Goals

The Milan Charter on Urban Obesity highlights the challenges of urban environments as a battleground for human health, as cities are often organized to subvert public health goals, and promote rather than prevent the development of obesity and consequent non-communicable diseases. The Charter articulates ten principles which detail actions and strategies through which general practitioners, diverse medical specialists, related healthcare professionals, administrators and healthcare practice managers, policy actors – within health systems and at a national level – along with experts across disciplines, and citizens, can work in cooperation to meet this challenge and improve public health. The Charter urges the adoption of decisions that deliver the following: (i) policies which enable our cities to become healthier and less obesogenic, more supportive of well-being and less health-disruptive in general, and (ii) policies that fully support primary prevention strategies, that address social stigma, and that ensure fair access to treatment for people living with obesity. The Milan Charter on Urban Obesity aims to raise awareness of our shared responsibility for the health of all citizens, and focuses on addressing the health of people living with obesity – not only as a challenge in its own right, but a gateway to other major non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers.

scholarly journals Have Lifestyle Habits and Psychological Well-Being Changed among Adolescents and Medical Students Due to COVID-19 Lockdown in Croatia?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ružica Dragun ◽  
Nikolina Nika Veček ◽  
Mario Marendić ◽  
Ajka Pribisalić ◽  
Gabrijela Đivić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Objective: To investigate dietary habits, sleep and psychological well-being of adolescents and medical students during COVID-19 lockdown in Split, Croatia. Methods: We surveyed 1326 students during 2018 and 2019, and compared their responses with 531 students enrolled in May 2020. Perceived stress, quality of life (QoL), happiness, anxiety, and optimism were assessed as proxies of psychological well-being, using general linear modelling. Results: We found no substantial differences in dietary pattern between pre-lockdown and lockdown periods, including the overall Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence. However, the MD pattern changed, showing increased adherence to the MD pyramid for fruit, legumes, fish, and sweets, while cereals, nuts, and dairy intake decreased during COVID-19 lockdown. A third of students reported weight loss during lockdown, 19% reported weight gain, while physical activity remained rather stable. The most prominent change was feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep, reported by 31.5% of students during lockdown vs. 8.5% before; median length of sleep duration increased by 1.5 h. Lockdown significantly affected QoL, happiness, optimism (all p < 0.001), and perceived stress in students (p = 0.005). MD adherence was positively correlated with QoL and study time, and negatively with TV and mobile phone use in pre-lockdown period (all p < 0.001). Interestingly, higher MD adherence was correlated with less perceived hardship and greater happiness and QoL during lockdown. Conclusion: These insights provide valuable information for tailored interventions aimed at maintaining healthy lifestyle in young population. Given the numerous beneficial effects associated with MD adherence, modification of lifestyle through application of lifestyle medicine deserves a priority approach.

Premature birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age and chronic non-communicable diseases in adult life: A systematic review with meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 105154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Luiza Santos Soares de Mendonça ◽  
Mateus de Lima Macêna ◽  
Nassib Bezerra Bueno ◽  
Alane Cabral Menezes de Oliveira ◽  
Carolina Santos Mello
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

REPEAT ANTENATAL CORTICOSTEROIDS: SHOULD IT BE PRESCRIBED AND IF SO WHEN AND HOW?

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180
Author(s):  
TAK YEUNG LEUNG ◽  
DALJIT SINGH SAHOTA
Keyword(s):  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Antenatal Corticosteroids ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Neonatal Respiratory Distress ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Corticosteroid treatment before preterm delivery was shown to be effective in reducing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) more than three decades ago. The beneficial effect of steroids was further confirmed by Roberts and Dalziel's meta-analysis of 21 randomised controlled studies (RCT), which was published as a Cochrane Review in 2006. The authors concluded that the administration of a single course of steroids improved neonatal outcome, reducing RDS by 60%, periventricular haemorrhage (PVH) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by half, and neonatal death (NND) by 70%. However, these beneficial effects do not last for more than 7 days. Furthermore, steroids take at least 24 hours to be fully effective. Hence, it was advocated in the 1990's that regular weekly booster courses be given in order to maintain the therapeutic effects in high risk cases, as the timing of preterm birth cannot be readily predicted.

scholarly journals Physical activity and preventable premature deaths from non-communicable diseases in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. e253-e260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Fórnias Machado de Rezende ◽  
Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia ◽  
Grégore Iven Mielke ◽  
Dong Hoon Lee ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendation ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Colon Cancers ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background Studies on the impact of counterfactual scenarios of physical activity on premature deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are sparse in the literature. We estimated preventable premature deaths from NCDs (diabetes, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and breast and colon cancers) in Brazil by increasing population-wide physical activity (i) to theoretical minimum risk exposure levels; (ii) reaching the physical activity recommendation; (iii) reducing insufficient physical activity by 10%; and (iv) eliminating the gender differences in physical activity. Methods Preventable fractions were estimated using data from a nationally representative survey, relative risks from a meta-analysis and number of premature deaths (30–69 years) from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Results Physical activity could potentially avoid up to 16 700 premature deaths from NCDs in Brazil, corresponding to 5.75 and 3.23% of premature deaths from major NCDs and of all-causes, respectively. Other scenarios suggested the following impact on premature deaths: reaching physical activity recommendation (5000 or 1.74% of major NCDs); 10% reduction in insufficient physical activity (500 or 0.17% of major NCDs); eliminating gender differences in physical activity (1000 or 0.33% of major NCDs). Conclusions Physical activity may play an important role to reduce premature deaths from NCD in Brazil.

scholarly journals Integrated management of non-communicable diseases in low-income settings: palliative care, primary care and community health synergies

2018 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2018-001579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Munday ◽  
Vandana Kanth ◽  
Shadrach Khristi ◽  
Liz Grant
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Care Community

Palliative care is recognised as a fundamental component of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), which individual countries, led by the United Nations and the WHO, are committed to achieving worldwide by 2030—Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.8. As the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) increases, their prevention and control are the central aspects of UHC in these areas. While the main focus is on reducing premature mortality from NCDs (SDG 3.4), palliative care is becoming increasingly important in LMICs, in which 80% of the need is found. This paper discusses the challenges of providing comprehensive NCD management in LMICs, the role of palliative care in addressing the huge and growing burden of serious health-related suffering, and also its scope for leveraging various aspects of primary care NCD management. Drawing on experiences in India and Nepal, and particularly a project on the India–Nepal border in which palliative care, community health and primary care-led NCD management are being integrated, we explore the synergies arising and describe a model where palliative care is integral to the whole spectrum of NCD management, from promotion and prevention, through treatment, rehabilitation and palliation. We believe this model could provide a framework for integrated NCD management more generally in rural India and Nepal and also other LMICs as they work to make NCD management as part of UHC a reality.

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