scholarly journals Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Mohamad Motevalli ◽  
Clemens Drenowatz ◽  
Derrick R. Tanous ◽  
Naim Akhtar Khan ◽  
Katharina Wirnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Personalized Intervention

As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.

scholarly journals Annual rhythms in adults’ lifestyle and health (ARIA): protocol for a 12-month longitudinal study examining temporal patterns in weight, activity, diet, and wellbeing in Australian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Curtis ◽  
Timothy Olds ◽  
François Fraysse ◽  
Dorothea Dumuid ◽  
Gilly A. Hendrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract Background Almost one in three Australian adults are now obese, and the rate continues to rise. The causes of obesity are multifaceted and include environmental, cultural and lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests there may be temporal patterns in weight gain related, for example, to season and major festivals such as Christmas, potentially due to changes in diet, daily activity patterns or both. The aim of this study is to track the annual rhythm in body weight, 24 h activity patterns, dietary patterns, and wellbeing in a cohort of Australian adults. In addition, through data linkage with a concurrent children’s cohort study, we aim to examine whether changes in children’s body mass index, activity and diet are related to those of their parents. Methods A community-based sample of 375 parents aged 18 to 65 years old, residing in or near Adelaide, Australia, and who have access to a Bluetooth-enabled mobile device or a computer and home internet, will be recruited. Across a full year, daily activities (minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, light physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) will be measured using wrist-worn accelerometry (Fitbit Charge 3). Body weight will be measured daily using Fitbit wifi scales. Self-reported dietary intake (Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies V3.2), and psychological wellbeing (WHOQOL-BREF and DASS-21) will be assessed eight times throughout the 12-month period. Annual patterns in weight will be examined using Lowess curves. Associations between changes in weight and changes in activity and diet compositions will be examined using repeated measures multi-level models. The associations between parent’s and children’s weight, activity and diet will be investigated using multi-level models. Discussion Temporal factors, such as day type (weekday or weekend day), cultural celebrations and season, may play a key role in weight gain. The aim is to identify critical opportunities for intervention to assist the prevention of weight gain. Family-based interventions may be an important intervention strategy. Trial registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, identifier ACTRN12619001430123. Prospectively registered on 16 October 2019.

Abstract 15214: Commuting by Public Transportation is Associated With Lower Prevalence of Excess Body Weight, Hypertension, and Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisako Tsuji ◽  
Ichiro Shiojima
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Commuting Mode ◽  
Car Driving

Background: Physical activity reduces body weight and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). We examined associations of commuting mode with prevalence of excess body weight, hypertension and DM. Methods: We studied 16,397 subjects who had the annual health checkup offered to adult citizens of Moriguchi city, Osaka, Japan in 2012. The subjects were asked about their work (Is your work physically active, sedentary or "cannot say"?) and commuting mode (walking or cycling / bus or train / car driving). Odds ratios (OR) of prevalence of excess body weight (body mass index >25.0 kg/m 2 ), hypertension, and DM with 95% confidence intervals (CI) relative to the car driving group were calculated using logistic regression analyses adjusted for clinical variables. Results: There were 5,908 eligible workers. Characteristics of the subjects according to commuting mode are presented in the table. Compared to the car driving group, logistic regression analyses showed that the public transportation group had a significantly lower prevalence of excess body weight (OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.45 to 0.69, p<0.0001) after adjustment for basic covariates (age, sex, smoking status, hypercholesterolemia, and physical activity of work) and hypertension, a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension (OR=0.73, 95% CI=0.59 to 0.90, p=0.0035) after adjustment for basic covariates and excess body weight, and a significantly lower prevalence of DM (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.44 to 0.99, p=0.0427) after adjustment for basic covariates, hypertension, excess body weight, and family history of DM. Conclusions: The use of public transportation was associated with lower prevalence of excess body weight, hypertension, and DM.

Übermäßiges Körpergewicht und Krebsrisiko

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (14) ◽  
pp. 1006-1014
Author(s):  
Hans Scherübl
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Associated Tumors

AbstractExcess body weight (EBW) is the second most important and potentially modifiable risk factor of cancer in Germany. The longer and the more excess body weight a person has, the higher the cancer risk. About 60 % of adult Germans have EBW (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m²) and more than 23 % are obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m²). Excess body weight is causally associated with colorectal, esophageal (adenocarcinoma), gastric (cardia), pancreatic, biliary, hepatocellular, kidney, thyroid, breast (postmenopausal), endometrial and ovarian cancer as well as multiple myeloma and meningioma. In recent years, more and more young adults (20–40 years) were diagnosed with EBW-associated tumors. People with EBW should be encouraged to join programs of cancer screening. Keeping a healthy weight is a major public health concern in Germany.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Obesity: Biomechanical and Physiological Key Concepts

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Nantel ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
François Prince
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Musculoskeletal Structure ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are often associated with low levels of physical activity. Physical activity is recommended to reduce excess body weight, prevent body weight regain, and decrease the subsequent risks of developing metabolic and orthopedic conditions. However, the impact of OW and OB on motor function and daily living activities must be taken into account. OW and OB are associated with musculoskeletal structure changes, decreased mobility, modification of the gait pattern, and changes in the absolute and relative energy expenditures for a given activity. While changes in the gait pattern have been reported at the ankle, knee, and hip, modifications at the knee level might be the most challenging for articular integrity. This review of the literature combines concepts and aims to provide insights into the prescription of physical activity for this population. Topics covered include the repercussions of OW and OB on biomechanical and physiological responses associated with the musculoskeletal system and daily physical activity. Special attention is given to the effect of OW and OB in youth during postural (standing) and various locomotor (walking, running, and cycling) activities.

scholarly journals Stage to Change Eating behavior and physical activity among adolescents with an excess body mass: impact on metabolic profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
Marciele Alves Bolognese ◽  
Danilo Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Josiane Aparecida Alves Bianchini ◽  
Rose Mari Benemmamm ◽  
Nelson Nardo Junior
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Lower Body Weight

Introduction: Obesity in children and adolescents is usuallyrelated to metabolic alterations, and intervention programs are one of the strategies for the treatment of obesity and associated comorbidities. At the beginning of the intervention, the stages of readiness to change behavior indicate specific habits that the teenager plans to modify or not, and how long he or she intends to make the alterations. Objective: To assess the metabolic profile and their association with the stages of readiness to change eating habits and exercise behaviors in adolescents with overweight. Methods: Eighty-three adolescents with excess body weight underwent an assessment of anthropometric variables and metabolic profile (glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, non-HDL-c, VLDL, triglycerides, insulin). Besides, the stages of readiness to change behaviors for “size and amount of portions,” “amount of fat in the diet,” fruits and vegetable consumption,” and “physical activity practice,” anthropometric variables and metabolic profile were compared according to the stages of change. Results: About “fruits and vegetable consumption,” adolescents in the Maintenance group presented lower body weight than those from Action and Preparation groups. The Action group presented higher body weight than group “Contemplation” and it showed higher non-HDL-cholesterol than the groups “Pre-contemplation” and “Preparation.” In “physical activity practice,” the Maintenance group presented lower body weight, Body Mass Index, and body fat (in kg) than Action, Preparation, and Contemplation groups. The alterations in HDL-cholesterol reduced as the stages of change progressed in the “physical activity practice” domain. Conclusion: The stages of readiness to change behaviors impact anthropometric and metabolic variables in adolescents with excess body weight, and it is a recommended instrument to monitor intervention programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document