scholarly journals Salt and Sugar: Two Enemies of Healthy Blood Pressure in Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Simonetta Genovesi ◽  
Marco Giussani ◽  
Antonina Orlando ◽  
Francesca Orgiu ◽  
Gianfranco Parati
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension In Children

The prevalence of essential arterial hypertension in children and adolescents has grown considerably in the last few decades, making this disease a major clinical problem in the pediatric age. The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension is multifactorial, with one of the components being represented by incorrect eating habits. In particular, excessive salt and sugar intake can contribute to the onset of hypertension in children, particularly in subjects with excess weight. Babies have an innate predisposition for sweet taste, while that for salty taste manifests after a few weeks. The recent modification of dietary styles and the current very wide availability of salt and sugar has led to an exponential increase in the consumption of these two nutrients. The dietary intake of salt and sugar in children is in fact much higher than that recommended by health agencies. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms via which an excessive dietary intake of salt and sugar can contribute to the onset of arterial hypertension in children and to show the most important clinical studies that demonstrate the association between these two nutrients and arterial hypertension in pediatric age. Correct eating habits are essential for the prevention and nondrug treatment of essential hypertension in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Impaired Choroidal Blood Flow in Adolescents with Essential Arterial Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Savina ◽  
S. I. Zhukova ◽  
A. V. Korolenko ◽  
D. A. Averyanov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Oscillatory Potentials ◽  
Choroidal Blood Flow ◽  
Choroidal Ischemia ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Few Data

Arterial hypertension is a problem not only for adults, but also for children, but there are very few data on changes in the organ of vision under the influence of an elevated level of blood pressure in children.The aim of the work is to identify disturbances of the choroidal blood flow in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension.Methods. Fifty patients with essential arterial hypertension were examined. The age of patients ranged from 10 to 17 years, the duration of the disease ranged from 2 months to 8 years. All patients underwent color Doppler mapping of the orbital vessels, registration of the oscillatory potentials of the ERG.Results. It was revealed that increased arterial pressure causes retinal and choroidal ischemia, which is accompanied primarily by impaired blood flow in the orbital vessels and is reflected in a decrease in the amplitude and deformation of the peaks of the ERG oscillatory potentials.Conclusion. Hypertension causes and supports retinal and choroidal ischemia, which is accompanied primarily by impaired blood flow in the orbital vessels, functional depression of photoreceptors, ganglion cells and neuroglia of the retina, aggravating the identified changes as the experience of essential hypertension increases. A marker of chorioretinal ischemia is amplitude depression, a change in the shape of the teeth of the oscillatory potentials of the ERG, which indicates a decrease in the functional activity of the retinal ganglion complex.That is, these changes can be considered as a predictor of hypertensive angioretinopathy in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Treatment of Arterial Hypertension in Children and Adolescents

Hypertension ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Burrello ◽  
Elvira M. Erhardt ◽  
Gaelle Saint-Hilary ◽  
Franco Veglio ◽  
Franco Rabbia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Hypertension In Children

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN RENAL VASCULATURE ABNORMALITIES AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e158
Author(s):  
U. Giordano ◽  
M.L. Yammine ◽  
M. Chinali ◽  
A. Secinaro ◽  
A. Turchetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Renal Vasculature ◽  
Hypertension In Children

scholarly journals Metabolism of quantity elements and essential trace elements in patients with essential arterial hypertension in different ecological settings

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 798-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z R Khabibrakhmanova ◽  
T P Makarova ◽  
D I Sadykova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension

Aim. To study the specifics of lead, zinc, copper, magnesium and calcium metabolism in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension living in different ecological settings. Methods. 100 children and adolescents aged 13-17 years with arterial hypertension, living in «industrial» (52 patients) and «residential» (48 patients) areas were examined in cardiology ward. 33 healthy children and adolescents comparable by age and gender were included as healthy controls. According to 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, groups with stable, labile arterial hypertension and «white coat hypertension» were formed. The levels of elements in 24-hour urine and in serum were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. In children and adolescents with stable arterial hypertension living in industrial areas, parameters of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (mean 24-hour and mean daytime systolic blood pressure values, time of systolic hypertension, mean 24-hour and mean daytime blood pressure values) were higher compared to the same parameters in children from residential areas, the difference was statistically significant. The study of elements metabolism revealed increased lead exposure in children with essential arterial hypertension living in industrial areas, and misbalance of essential elements in those patients compared to the same parameters in children from residential areas. Conclusion. Results suggest increased exposure to arterial hypertension and marked misbalance of essential elements in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension living in industrial areas.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and treatment of arterial hypertension in children and adolescents, overview of new clinical guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Agapitov ◽  
I. V. Cherepnina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Hypertension In Children

The article analyzes clinical guidelines oftheAmericanAcademy ofPediatrics dd 2017 “ClinicalPractice Guideline forScreening andManagement of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents”. This document contains new values of blood pressure in children, replaces the term “prehypertension” with the term “elevated blood pressure”, provides a simplified classification of arterial hypertension in adolescents over 13 years and revisesthe guidelinesfor daily blood pressure monitoring and echocardiography. The documentspecifiesthe criteria for diagnosing increased body weight of the left ventricular myocardium, changesthe target blood pressure levels. This new guidelines helps to optimize the diagnostics and treatment of hypertension in children. At the same time there is need for further comprehensive analysis of clinicalrecommendations and assessment of their practicalsignificance for pediatrics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document