scholarly journals Basolateral Secretion from Caco-2 Cells Pretreated with Fecal Waters from Breast Cancer Patients Affects MCF7 Cell Viability

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Christine Bobin-Dubigeon ◽  
Jean-Marie Bard ◽  
Trang-Huyen Luu ◽  
Françoise Le Vacon ◽  
Hassan Nazih
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

We hypothesized that the role of microbiota in breast cancer relates to its influence on gut lipid metabolism. This was tested in an in vitro model combining MCF-7 and Caco-2 cells. A total of 32 women newly diagnosed for breast cancer before any treatment and 28 healthy women provided their stools. Bacterial DNA was amplified by qPCR targeting 16s rRNA specific to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla, Lactobacillales sp., Clostridium cluster IV, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Roseburia intestinalis, Blautia sp., Lactonifactor longoviformis, Bifidobacterium sp., Coriobacteriaceae, Eggertella lenta, Escherichia, and Shigella. Fecal waters (FW) were quantified for short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Caco-2 cells grown on filter inserts were incubated apically with 10% FW for 24 h, and LXR, apolipoproteins AIV, and E gene expression were estimated by real time (RT) qPCR. Then, MCF-7 cells were incubated with the whole basolateral medium for 24 h, and their viability was estimated by 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Regression models were used to determine the correlation between MCF-7 viability and bacteria relative abundance, Caco-2 cells lipid metabolism gene expression and stool composition, as well as microbiota composition and short chain fatty acids. Logistic regression models established disease odds ratios (OR) for MCF-7 viability and Caco-2 gene expression. The OR of MCF-7 viability was 1.05 (1.01–1.10) (OR (5th–95th), p = 0.04), while that of apo AIV gene expression was 0.63 (0.39–1.01), p = 0.055). Viability correlated with % Bifidobacterium sp. (21.18 ± 7.66, p = 0.008) and valerate (−2.849 ± 1.048, p = 0.009) (β ± s.d.). This study suggests that microbiota interacts with intestine cell lipid metabolism. Since these metabolites can reach breast cells by systemic circulation, we hypothesized that they may influence cancer disease.

scholarly journals Muscadine Grape Extract Reduces Lung and Liver Metastasis in Mice with Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Association with Changes in the Gut Microbiome (P05-017-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Collard ◽  
Nataleigh Austin ◽  
Ann Tallant ◽  
Patricia Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Muscadine Grape ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Objectives The goal of this study was to determine if a proprietary muscadine grape seed and skin extract (MGE) inhibits triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis and alters the gut microbiota. Methods 4T1 TNBC cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of 6-week-old female Balb/c mice. After 2 weeks, tumors were surgically removed and mice were placed into a control group (n = 8) or a treatment group that received 0.1 mg/mL total phenolics MGE (Piedmont R&D) in the drinking water (n = 8). Mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks; tissues and fecal samples were collected for analysis. Immunohistochemistry (Ki67, α-SMA) and hemotoxylin and eosin staining were used to quantify metastases using the inForm© 2.2 software. Gut microbial composition was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing and short chain fatty acids were detected by gas chromatography (Microbiome Insights). Data are expressed as means ± SEM using student's t-test. Results MGE reduced Ki67 cell positivity in the lungs and livers of mice, indicating reduced metastatic proliferation (9.3 ± 0.9% vs 6.2 ± 0.7% and 5.0 ± 1.5% vs 0.77 ± 0.2% cells, respectively; P < 0.01), and decreased cancer associated fibroblasts in the lungs (5.3 ± 1.0% vs 3.0 ± 0.5% cells; P < 0.05), which are associated with metastasis. MGE significantly reduced the number (4.7 ± 0.7 vs 2.2 ± 0.4 tumors/field; P < 0.01) and size (1358 ± 48 vs 1121 ± 47 pixels; P < 0.01) of liver metastases, resulting in decreased metastatic tumor burden (6656 ± 1220 vs 3096 ± 644 total area in pixels; P < 0.01). Attenuated TNBC metastasis correlated with MGE-induced changes in gut microbiota. Alpha diversity (4.15 ± 0.10 vs 4.51 ± 0.13 Shannon index; P < 0.05) and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio (0.37 ± 0.07 vs 0.76 ± 0.12; P < 0.05) were significantly increased in MGE-treated mice, indicating enhanced microbial richness and increased energy harvest by the gut microbiome. Butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, Butyricicoccus and Lachnospiraceae, were increased with MGE (P < 0.05) as well as the anti-inflammatory compound butyrate relative to other short-chain fatty acids (25.0 ± 2.7% vs 75.3 ± 15.5%; P < 0.01). Conclusions These data show that MGE attenuates TNBC metastasis in association with alterations in the gut microbiome, suggesting that MGE may be an effective treatment against TNBC metastatic progression. Funding Sources Chronic Disease Research Fund.

scholarly journals Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Association with Signalling Pathways in Inflammation, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin He ◽  
Peiwen Zhang ◽  
Linyuan Shen ◽  
Lili Niu ◽  
Ya Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly acetate, propionate and butyrate, are mainly produced by anaerobic fermentation of gut microbes. SCFAs play an important role in regulating energy metabolism and energy supply, as well as maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal environment. In recent years, many studies have shown that SCFAs demonstrate physiologically beneficial effects, and the signalling pathways related to SCFA production, absorption, metabolism, and intestinal effects have been discovered. Two major signalling pathways concerning SCFAs, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRCs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), are well recognized. In this review, we summarize the recent advances concerning the biological properties of SCFAs and the signalling pathways in inflammation and glucose and lipid metabolism.

Short chain fatty acids induce TH gene expression via ERK-dependent phosphorylation of CREB protein

2006 ◽  
Vol 1107 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Shah ◽  
Bistra B. Nankova ◽  
Santosh Parab ◽  
Edmund F. La Gamma
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Creb Protein ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) Reprogram Gene Expression in Human Malignant Epithelial and Lymphoid Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0154102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiia Astakhova ◽  
Mtakai Ngara ◽  
Olga Babich ◽  
Aleksandr Prosekov ◽  
Lyudmila Asyakina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals FiberGrowth Pipeline: A Framework Toward Predicting Fiber-Specific Growth From Human Gut Bacteroidetes Genomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bénédicte Colnet ◽  
Christian M. K. Sieber ◽  
Fanny Perraudeau ◽  
Marion Leclerc
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Dietary fibers impact gut colonic health, through the production of short-chain fatty acids. A low-fiber diet has been linked to lower bacterial diversity, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and promotion of mucosal pathogens. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) are important enzymes involved in the bacterial catabolism of fiber into short-chain fatty acids. However, the GH involved in glycan breakdown (adhesion, hydrolysis, and fermentation) are organized in polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL) with complex modularity. Our goal was to explore how the capacity of strains, from the Bacteroidetes phylum, to grow on fiber could be predicted from their genome sequences. We designed an in silico pipeline called FiberGrowth and independently validated it for seven different fibers, on 28 genomes from Bacteroidetes-type strains. To do so, we compared the existing GH annotation tools and built PUL models by using published growth and gene expression data. FiberGrowth’s prediction performance in terms of true positive rate (TPR) and false positive rate (FPR) strongly depended on available data and fiber: arabinoxylan (TPR: 0.89 and FPR: 0), inulin (0.95 and 0.33), heparin (0.8 and 0.22) laminarin (0.38 and 0.17), levan (0.3 and 0.06), mucus (0.13 and 0.38), and starch (0.73 and 0.41). Being able to better predict fiber breakdown by bacterial strains would help to understand their impact on human nutrition and health. Assuming further gene expression experiment along with discoveries on structural analysis, we hope computational tools like FiberGrowth will help researchers prioritize and design in vitro experiments.

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