scholarly journals Mini Nutritional Assessment May Identify a Dual Pattern of Perturbed Plasma Amino Acids in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Window to Metabolic and Physical Rehabilitation?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1845
Author(s):  
Roberto Aquilani ◽  
Alfredo Costa ◽  
Roberto Maestri ◽  
Matteo Cotta Ramusino ◽  
Antonia Pierobon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Branched Chain

Conflicting results about alterations of plasma amino acid (AA) levels are reported in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The current study aimed to provide more homogeneous AA profiles and correlations between AAs and cognitive tests. Venous plasma AAs were measured in 54 fasting patients with AD (37 males, 17 females; 74.63 ± 8.03 yrs; 3.2 ± 1.9 yrs from symptom onset). Seventeen matched subjects without neurodegenerative symptoms (NNDS) served as a control group (C-NNDS). Patients were tested for short-term verbal memory and attention capacity and stratified for nutritional state (Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA). Compared to C-NNDS, patients exhibited lower plasma levels of aspartic acid and taurine (p < 0.0001) and higher 3-methylhistidine (p < 0.0001), which were independent of patients’ MNA. In comparison to normonourished AD, the patients at risk of and with malnutrition showed a tendency towards lower ratios of Essential AAs/Total AAs, Branched-chain AAs/Total AAs, and Branched-chain AAs/Essential AAs. Serine and histidine were positively correlated with verbal memory and attention capacity deficits, respectively. Total AAs negatively correlated with attention capacity deficits. Stratifying patients with AD for MNA may identify a dual pattern of altered AAs, one due to AD per se and the other linked to nutritional state. Significant correlations were observed between several AAs and cognitive tests.

scholarly journals Women have Farther to Fall: Gender Differences Between Normal Elderly and Alzheimer's Disease in Verbal Memory Engender Better Detection of Alzheimer's Disease in Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Chapman ◽  
Mark Mapstone ◽  
Margaret N. Gardner ◽  
Tiffany C. Sandoval ◽  
John W. McCrary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Logical Memory ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Immediate Recall

AbstractWe analyzed verbal episodic memory learning and recall using the Logical Memory (LM) subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III to determine how gender differences in AD compare to those seen in normal elderly and whether or not these differences impact assessment of AD. We administered the LM to both an AD and a Control group, each comprised of 21 men and 21 women, and found a large drop in performance from normal elders to AD. Of interest was a gender interaction whereby the women's scores dropped 1.6 times more than the men's did. Control women on average outperformed Control men on every aspect of the test, including immediate recall, delayed recall, and learning. Conversely, AD women tended to perform worse than AD men. Additionally, the LM achieved perfect diagnostic accuracy in discriminant analysis of AD versus Control women, a statistically significantly higher result than for men. The results indicate the LM is a more powerful and reliable tool in detecting AD in women than in men. (JINS, 2011, 17, 654–662)

Evaluation of the Relationship between Nutritional Status and Quality of Life among Nursing Home Residents with Alzheimer's Disease

2016 ◽  
pp. 42-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev Keser ◽  
Filiz Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Dementia Patients

The purpose of this study was to determine nutritional status and its influence on their quality of life in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and anthropometric measurements. This study was conducted with 57 Alzheimer type dementia patients between the ages of 52 and 89 who live in nursing homes in Ankara/Turkey. In this study, it was found that the 57.9% of the AD patients were at risk of malnutrition, and that 19.3% were malnourished. Malnutrition risk rises as the length of stay increases (p< .05). A significant correlation between body weight and quality of life as well as one between calf circumference and quality of life was detected (p< .05). In this study, nutrient intake among aged individuals with AD was found unbalanced; a statistically significant correlation between energy / nutrient intake and quality of life also was not detected.

scholarly journals The Impact of Diet Type on Weight Loss in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 153331752110448
Author(s):  
Tomiyo Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet Type

Objectives: To compare differences in weight loss in patients with Alzheimer’s disease on normal, diabetic, or texture-modified diets. Methods: This prospective interventional study examined the data of patients with Alzheimer’s disease who were admitted to a long-term care hospital in Japan from February to April 2013. Dietary elements and weight loss over a 3-month period were examined. Results: Of the 75 patients examined, 6 were on a normal diet, 10 were on a diabetic diet, and 59 were on a texture-modified diet. Weight loss was significantly associated with body weight, Mini Nutritional Assessment®, and diet type. In the non-malnourished patients, there was a significant difference between the three types of diets in terms of eating rate and weight loss. Conclusion: Diet type was independently associated with weight loss in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Research using larger sample sizes is necessary to eliminate the differences between these diet types.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Quality of Life Among Nursing Home Residents With Alzheimer's Disease

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-92
Author(s):  
Alev Keser ◽  
Filiz Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Dementia Patients

The purpose of this study was to determine nutritional status and its influence on their quality of life in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and anthropometric measurements. This study was conducted with 57 Alzheimer type dementia patients between the ages of 52 and 89 who live in nursing homes in Ankara/Turkey. In this study, it was found that the 57.9% of the AD patients were at risk of malnutrition, and that 19.3% were malnourished. Malnutrition risk rises as the length of stay increases (p< .05). A significant correlation between body weight and quality of life as well as one between calf circumference and quality of life was detected (p< .05). In this study, nutrient intake among aged individuals with AD was found unbalanced; a statistically significant correlation between energy / nutrient intake and quality of life also was not detected.

TREATMENT EFFECTS OF VORTIOXETINE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN MILD ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS: A 12 MONTH, OPEN-LABEL, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cumbo ◽  
S. Cumbo ◽  
S. Torregrossa ◽  
D. Migliore
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Study Setting

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:depressive symptoms are common in Alzheimer’s disease(AD). Aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of vortioxetine compared with other conventional antidepressants on cognitive functions in AD patients with depressive symptoms. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, 12 month, parallel-group study. SETTING: All participants were evaluated on-site at Neurodegenerative Disorders Unit, ASP2 Caltanissetta(Italy). PARTICIPANTS: 108(71 female, 37 male) AD patients with depression(mean age 76.7± 4.3). INTERVENTION: Randomized subjects received vortioxetine, 15 mg/day(n=36) or other common antidepressants(n=72). MEASURES:primary outcome was change from baseline in the MMSE; secondary outcomes were change in Attentive Matrices, Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices, Digit Span, HAM-D and Cornell scale. RESULTS: Statistically significant improvement vs. controls was observed for vortioxetine on most of the cognitive tests and showed significantly baseline-to-endpoint reduction in both HAM-D and Cornell total scores.The most commonly reported adverse events were nausea and headache for votioxetine; nausea in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Vortioxetine had a beneficial effect on cognition and mood in elderly AD patients and was safe and well tolerated.

scholarly journals Strategies and Structures in Verbal Fluency Tasks in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kessler ◽  
M. Bley ◽  
R. Mielke ◽  
E. Kalbe
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reduced Word ◽  
Searching Strategy

Reduced word production in verbal fluency tasks is a sensitive indicator for brain damage. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are supposedly more affected in semantic than in letter fluency, which is probably resulting from partially destroyed structure of semantic knowledge, whereas in letter fluency tasks the patients can use phonemic cues for searching. In this study, 21 patients with probable AD according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria were examined on a verbal fluency task with F, A, S as initial letters, and a supermarket task. Performances were compared with a control group. Patients with AD showed lower word rate in all tasks than the control group. The difference was most significant in the supermarket task. Both groups produced most of the words in the supermarket task, followed by S, A and F. They both showed a percentuallikely distribution pattern of items into different supermarket categories. The items of the supermarket task were mostly ranged in clusters (patients with AD 70%, control group 83%). Patients with AD, however, on average, used fewer categories which they also filled with fewer items. In the F, A, S test, patients with AD mainly produced nouns, whereas the control group named nearly twice as many adjectives and verbs. In patients with AD word generation was highly correlated with degree of dementia, free recall of a verbal memory task, and the Token test. Low word production and qualitatively changed output in patients with AD might relate to an inefficient searching strategy, attentional deficits and/or degraded semantic knowledge.

scholarly journals DIETARY INADEQUACIES IN THE ELDERLY WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE FOLLOWED AT THE REFERENCE HEALTH CENTER FOR ELDERLY CARE IN CURITIBA – BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
D. Rodrigues Lecheta ◽  
M.E. Madalozzo Schieferdecker ◽  
A.P. de Mello ◽  
I. Berkenbrock ◽  
J. Cardoso Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations

Background: Dietary changes are frequent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: to assess the dietary intake of elderly with AD. Design: cross sectional study. Setting: AD patients followed at the Health Center of Elderly Care Ouvidor Pardinho, in Curitiba/Brazil, from November/2010 to July/2011. Participants: 96 individuals. Measurements: the scales used were the Mini Nutritional Assessment to determine the nutritional status and the Clinical Dementia Rating to set the stage of dementia. The average food intake of three days was analyzed for energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and liquids, and compared with the individualized nutritional recommendations. Results: 96 elderly patients were evaluated. The mean age was 78.0 ± 6.52 years, and most of them had mild AD (54.2%) and risk of malnutrition (55.2%). All of them were oral fed and 37.5% received modified consistency food. Regarding independence for feeding: 44.8% of the elderly needed assistance to serve food, 31.3% did not eat when the meal was not offered by the caregiver, and 31.3% ate less than usual. Regarding dietary adequacy: 41.7% had low-calorie diet, 46.9% low-protein diet, and most of the patients had insufficient intake of vitamins A and C, calcium and iron. Decreased appetite occurred in 31.3% of the elderly. Conclusion: the dietary intake of AD patients is inadequate when compared with nutritional recommendations. Caregivers should be informed about the need of specialized nutritional monitoring and feeding assistance for the demented patient since the early stage of the disease.

scholarly journals Nutritional assessment in patients with early-onset Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease due to PSEN1- E280A genetic variant: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Gómez-Vega ◽  
E. Garcia-Cifuentes ◽  
D. Aguillon ◽  
J.E. Velez ◽  
A. Jaramillo-Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Weight loss and malnutrition are frequent findings in late-onset and sporadic presentations of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, less is known about nutritional status in Early-Onset Autosomal Dominant AD (EO-ADAD). Objective: To analyze the association between nutritional status and other clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in individuals with a genetic form of EO-ADAD. Design, settings, and participants: Cross-sectional study with 75 non-institutionalized participants from a cohort of Autosomal Dominant AD (13 with mild cognitive impairment and 61 with dementia, ages from 38 to 67 years) underwent a structured clinical assessment with emphasis on nutritional status. Measurements: Primary outcome was nutritional status and it was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Patients were categorized according to MNA total score, as undernourished (MNA ≤23.5) and well-nourished (MNA ≥ 24). Sociodemographic and clinical variables identified as potential predictors or confounders of nutritional status were also collected. Results: Undernourishment by MNA was present in 57.3% of the sample. Forty-two percent of participants had abnormal BMI values considered lower than 18.5 or higher than 24.9 kg/m2. Total BMI values were similar in well and undernourished patients (median 24.2 IQR 3.59 and median 23.9 IQR 4.42, respectively, p=0.476). When comparing well and undernourished groups, we found statistically significant differences for variables: severity of dementia (p=0.034), frailty (p=0.001), multimorbidity (p=0.035) and, polymedication (p=0.045). Neither adjusted logistic regression nor the Poisson regression showed that any clinical or sociodemographic variables explained undernourishment. Conclusions: Undernourishment was a frequent finding in our sample of EO-ADAD, especially in later stages of the disease. Patients with polymedication, multimorbidity, frailty and severe dementia show differences in their nutritional status with a tendency to be more frequently undernourished. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to establish this association.

scholarly journals Does a Relationship Exist Between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-toLymphocyte Ratio and Sarcopenia in Alzheimer’s Disease?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
European Working

Aim: The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) when compared with subjects with normal cognition. Easy-to-use screening tools can make it easier to reach the diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in AD cases with or without sarpcopenia. Materials and Methods: Seventy-four possible AD cases who were resident in nursing home were included in to cross-sectional study. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), muscle mass index (MMI), and fat free mass index (FFMI) were assessed with electronic body composition analyzer. Short physical performance battery (SPPB), mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) and hand grip strength test were used for mobile patients. Calf circumference and mid-arm circumference were used for immobile patients. A diagnosis of sarcopenia was established according to the ‘European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People’ criterias. NLR and PLR were calculated as the ratio of the neutrophil count to lymphocyte count, and platelet count to lymphocyte count, respectively. Findings of AD cases with and without sarcopenia were compared according to NLR and PLR ratios. Results: The sarcopenia rate was found to be 48%. Significantly higher NLR and PLR values were found in sarcopenic group. NLR were found to be negatively correlated with FFMI, while PLR were found negativeliy correlated with both FFMI and MNA. Conclusion: It was found that NLR and especially PLR values are significantly related to sarcopenia in AD. Evaluation of NLR and PLR may be useful for sarcopenia screening.

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