scholarly journals Malnutrition as Key Predictor of Physical Frailty among Malaysian Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Wahida Norazman ◽  
Siti Nur’Asyura Adznam ◽  
Rosita Jamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frailty Syndrome

Studies have been carried out on the association between frailty and malnutrition, but the similarities and divergence of the relationship remain debatable. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of malnutrition risk and frailty as well as the overlapping constructs. The associations that emerged were assessed independently of other risk factors. A total of 301 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 66.91 ± 5.59 years old were randomly recruited. Fried Criteria and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) were used to assess frailty status and malnutrition, respectively. Other related nutritional assessments were assessed (body mass index (BMI), circumference measures, body fat % and skeletal muscle mass). The prevalence of frailty was 14.6% and prefrail was 59.7%; 29.6% were at risk of malnutrition, and 3.3% were malnourished. Malnutrition risk was significantly associated with a higher number of chronic diseases, BMI, circumference of mid-upper arm (MUAC), and calf, (CC)and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and frailty, whereas frailty was significantly associated with higher number of chronic diseases, SMM and malnutrition. Frailty syndrome can be predicted with increasing age, body fat, lower skeletal muscle and malnutrition. Those who were frail were found to be five times more likely to be at risk of malnutrition. Results suggested that frailty and malnutrition shared considerable overlap, which emphasised the interrelated but discrete concepts. Therefore, the assessment of malnutrition is imperative and could be used as a practical implication in assessing frailty syndrome.

scholarly journals PREDICTORS OF DECREASED SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
N. Shiraishi ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
T. Hirose ◽  
S. Jeong ◽  
T. Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: To date, the actual prevalence of Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) loss by rigorous definition and its related factors have not been sufficiently surveyed in the community. We therefore examined the factors related to the reductions of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in older adults. Design: Case-control study. Subjects: One hundred twenty four community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years participated. Measurements: Reductions of SMM were assessed by measuring difference between SMM at baseline and SMM 1 year later, by which participants were divided into three groups. Variables of the first tertile group, who had the greatest decrease in SMM, were compared with those of the second/third tertile groups. Variables included hight, weight, body mass index (BMI), maximal knee extension strength, grip strength, lower and upper muscle quality (UMQ), 5-m walking time (WT), timed up and go (TUG), food frequency questionnaire, mini nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF), basic health checklist. A logistic regression analysis and classification and regression trees (CART) were used for multivariate analysis in order to extract variables that predicted reductions of SMM. Results: Significant differences were observed for age, SMM, UMQ, TUG, and WT between the first tertile and the second/third tertile groups, The CART analysis indicated that vitamin D intake UMQ and 5-m WT predicted significant decrease in SMM. Conclusion: The present study suggested a possibility that future reductions of SMM could be predicted by simple indices that may contribute to early detection of individuals at risk of developing sarcopenia in old age.

scholarly journals Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Lower Back or Knee Pain Are Associated with Cognitive and Emotional Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 4960
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Hirase ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Yoshiro Okubo ◽  
Stephen R. Lord ◽  
Minoru Okita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

(1) Background: The present study aimed to examine physical, cognitive and emotional factors affecting falls in community-dwelling older adults with and without pain; (2) Methods: Data from 789 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey were analyzed. Participants completed questionnaires on the presence of pain and previous falls. Muscle weakness (handgrip strength < 26.0 kg for men and < 18.0 kg for women) and low skeletal muscle mass (appendicular skeletal muscle mass index < 7.0 kg/m2 for men and < 5.7 kg/m2 for women) were determined. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depressive symptoms were assessed using the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool and 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15), respectively; (3) Results: In participants with pain, MCI and GDS-15 were associated with previous falls after adjusting for age, sex, education and medication use. In participants without pain, muscle weakness and low skeletal muscle mass were associated with previous falls when adjusting for the above covariates; (4) Conclusions: Falls in participants with pain were associated with cognitive and emotional factors, whereas falls in those without pain were associated with physical factors. Fall prevention interventions for older adults with pain may require tailored strategies to address cognitive and emotional factors.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle mass and body fat in relation to successful ageing of older adults: The multi-national MEDIS study

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Tyrovolas ◽  
Josep-Maria Haro ◽  
Anargiros Mariolis ◽  
Suzanne Piscopo ◽  
Giuseppe Valacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Successful Ageing

scholarly journals The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Respiratory Muscle Weakness in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13257
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Morisawa ◽  
Yota Kunieda ◽  
Shingo Koyama ◽  
Mizue Suzuki ◽  
Yuma Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Weakness ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

An association between respiratory muscle weakness and sarcopenia may provide a clue to the mechanism of sarcopenia development. We aimed to clarify this relationship among community-dwelling older adults. In total, 117 community-dwelling older adults were assessed and classified into 4 groups: robust, respiratory muscle weakness, sarcopenia, and respiratory sarcopenia. The respiratory sarcopenia group (12%) had a significantly higher percentage of males and had lower BMI, skeletal muscle index, skeletal muscle mass, phase angle, and oral function than the robust group (32.5%). All physical functions were significantly lower. The respiratory muscle weakness group (54.7%) had a significantly lower BMI and slower walking speed, compared with the robust group. The sarcopenia group (0.8%) was excluded from the analysis. The percent maximum inspiratory pressure was significantly lower in both the respiratory muscle weakness and respiratory sarcopenia groups, compared with the robust group. Almost all participants with sarcopenia showed respiratory muscle weakness. In addition, approximately 50% had respiratory muscle weakness, even in the absence of systemic sarcopenia, suggesting that respiratory muscle weakness may be the precursor of sarcopenia. The values indicating physical function and skeletal muscle mass in the respiratory muscle weakness group were between those in the robust and the respiratory sarcopenia groups.

NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION DURING RESISTANCE TRAINING IMPROVED SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING FRAIL OLDER ADULTS

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
M. Yamada ◽  
H. Arai ◽  
K. Yoshimura ◽  
Y. Kajiwara ◽  
T. Sonoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Frail Older Adults

Objective: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, is highly prevalent in older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combination of resistance training and multinutrients supplementation (including vitamin D and protein) on muscle mass and physical performance in frail older adults. Methods: This trial was conducted in Japanese frail older adults (n=77), which underwent a standardized protocol of a 3-month physical exercise intervention. The sample population was divided into two groups, according to the adoption (S/Ex: n = 38) or not (Ex: n = 39) of the additional multinutrient supplementation. The outcome measures of interest for the present analyses were the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and several physical performance tests. Results: Participants in S/Ex group had significant improvements for the outcome measures, including SMI and maximum walking time (P<0.05), compared to those in Ex group. The prevalence of sarcopenia decreased from 65.7% to 42.9% in S/Ex group, while that in Ex group remained unchanged (68.6% to 68.6%) (relative risk = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.03-2.49). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the combination of resistance training and multinutritional supplementation may be more effective at improving muscle mass and walking speed than an intervention only based on resistance training.

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal muscle mass and cardiac function during exercise in community-dwelling older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masamitsu Sugie ◽  
Kazumasa Harada ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi ◽  
Marina Nara ◽  
Joji Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Mass and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Female Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6692
Author(s):  
Shuichi Wakayama ◽  
Yoshihiko Fujita ◽  
Keisuke Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Sasaki ◽  
Hiroshi Yuine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity in female community-dwelling older adults. Participant(s) and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we targeted 55 female community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and above participating in long-term care prevention classes in Ibaraki Prefecture between 2018 and 2020. We excluded individuals with cognitive impairment and those judged as having sarcopenia. The variables of interest included age, height, weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, step count, and family structure. We calculated the SMI by dividing the extremities’ total lean mass by the square of the height (in m), while the number of steps was calculated using the three-axis accelerometer Actigraph GT3X®. We measured skeletal muscle mass via bioelectrical impedance analysis using the InBody270 body composition analyzer and muscular strength as grip strength. Results: We observed significant relationships between skeletal muscle mass and Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) (β = 0.336, p < 0.01) and handgrip strength (β = 0.230). Conclusion: In this study, a relationship between skeletal muscle mass and higher-level functional capacity was demonstrated among elderly female community residents.

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