scholarly journals Effects of Monomeric and Oligomeric Flavanols on Kidney Function, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Runners: A Randomized Double-Blind Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna O. Semen ◽  
Antje R. Weseler ◽  
Marcel J. W. Janssen ◽  
Marie-José Drittij-Reijnders ◽  
Jos L. M. L. le Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are frequently used by athletes in order to prevent musculoskeletal pain and improve performance. In combination with strenuous exercise, they can contribute to a reduction of renal blood flow and promote development of kidney damage. We aimed to investigate whether monomeric and oligomeric flavanols (MOF) could reduce the severity of kidney injuries associated with the intake of 400-mg ibuprofen followed by the completion of a half-marathon in recreational athletes. In this double-blind, randomized study, the original MOF blend of extracts from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) and pine bark (Pinus pinaster L.) or placebo were taken for 14 days preceding the ibuprofen/half-marathon. Urine samples were collected before and after the ibuprofen/half-marathon, and biomarkers of kidney injury, inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. Intake of MOF significantly reduced the incidence of post-race hematuria (p = 0.0004) and lowered concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 in the urine (p = 0.032). Urinary neutrophil-associated lipocalin, creatine, albumin, IL-8 and malondialdehyde tended to decrease. The supplementation with MOF in recreational runners appears to safely preserve kidney function, reduce inflammation and promote antioxidant defense during strenuous exercise and intake of a single dose of ibuprofen.

scholarly journals Effects of Hemodialysis on Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganime Ayar ◽  
Sanliay Sahin ◽  
Mutlu Uysal Yazici ◽  
Salim Neselioglu ◽  
Ozcan Erel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Aim. To evaluate thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a new indicator of oxidative stress in AKI patients and to determine the effect of HD on antioxidant balance and oxidative stress through plasma thiols. Methods. This study was performed in patients aged between 12 months and 18 years prospectively who underwent hemodialysis due to AKI and were followed up for a year in a 22-bed tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. 20 patients and 39 controls were included. Results. No difference was present between the groups in terms of age and gender. Median values of plasma native thiol, total thiol, and percent thiol were significantly lower in AKI group both before and after dialysis when compared to control group. The median dynamic disulphide values were significantly lower in the AKI group of predialysis compared to the controls. When pre- and postdialysis values were compared, disulphide values were statistically higher after dialysis. When pre- and postdialysis native thiol, dynamic disulphide, total thiol, and percent thiol median values were compared, postdialysis values were significantly higher than the predialysis values. There was a positive correlation between albumin, total thiol, and native thiol values before dialysis in the patient group. Conclusion. AKI patients have low levels of thiol species showing the presence of oxidative stress and hemodialysis has a positive effect on thiol/disulphide balance. This new method may be an inexpensive and simple tool suitable for clinical studies and can be used in routine screening as a useful indicator to show oxidative stress.

Targeting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress as a Therapy for Ischemic Kidney Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1591-1602
Author(s):  
N. V. Andrianova ◽  
D. B. Zorov ◽  
E. Y. Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Recurrent insulin-induced hypoglycemia induces AngII and COX2 leading to renal (pro)renin receptor expression and oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Alanazi ◽  
Mohammad Uddin ◽  
Selim Fakhruddin ◽  
Keith Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Day Surgery ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Subunit Expression ◽  
Renal Biomarker ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Recurrent insulin-induced hypoglycemia (RIIH) is an avoidable consequence in the therapeutic management of diabetes mellitus. RIIH has been implicated in causing hypertension through an increase in renal and systemic AngII production.Objective: The present study was performed to assess the hypothesis that chronic insulin treatment enhances AngII and COX2 formation which in turn increases (pro) renin receptor (PRR) expression and NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress, leading to renal and cardiac injury.Methods: The present studies were conducted in Male Sprague Dawley rats treated with daily subcutaneous injections of 7u/kg insulin or saline for 14 days. On the 14th day, surgery was performed for treatment infusion (captopril 12mg/kg, NS398 0.3mg/kg or vehicle), and renal interstitial fluid sample and urine collections for biomarker measurements. At the end of the experiments, kidneys and hearts were harvested to evaluate PRR and NOX2 (NADPH oxidase subunit) expression and oxidative stress.Results: We found that RIIH enhanced AngII and COX2 activity, leading to renal PRR expression and NADPH oxidase-induced oxidative stress in the heart and kidney. 8-isoprostane was evaluated as a renal biomarker of oxidative stress, which was induced in insulin treated animals and modulated by captopril and NS398. In addition, there was a slight increase in NGAL, a urinary biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI), in insulin treated animals when compared to control.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that RIIH induces renal PRR expression and oxidative stress through increasing AngII and COX2 in the heart and kidney, leading to end-organ damage.

A Soccer Match’s Ability to Enhance Lymphocyte Capability to Produce ROS and Induce Oxidative Damage

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel David Ferrer ◽  
Pedro Tauler ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Pedro Pujol ◽  
Franchec Drobnic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Soccer Match ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soccer Training

Soccer-associated oxidative stress has barely been studied. The aims of this study were to establish the effect of a soccer training match and the effect of a diet supplementation with a multivitamin complex and coenzyme Q during 3 months of soccer training on the pro-oxidant and antioxidant status of lymphocytes. In a randomized, double-blind trial, 19 male preprofessional soccer players were treated with either an antioxidant nutrient cocktail or placebo for 90 days. After this period the athletes played a soccer match lasting 60 min. All determinations were made under basal conditions before and after the training period and after the match. Basal lymphocyte hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production did not change after the 3 months of training. Catalase activity decreased (about 50%) after the 3 months, whereas glutathione reductase increased its activity (150–200%) both with placebo and in the supplemented group. Basal ascorbate levels were maintained during the training period, whereas α-tocopherol and MDA decreased (about 40%) in both groups. The match increased H2O2 production (180%) in both groups when the lymphocytes were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, and it also increased MDA levels (150%). Antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant vitamin levels were maintained before and after the match. Regular soccer training modifies the lymphocyte strategy to eliminate ROS and increases protection against oxidative damage. A friendly soccer match raises lymphocyte capacity to produce ROS and oxidative damage, but it is not enough to induce a defensive response, thus leading to a situation of postexercise oxidative stress. Supplementation with low doses of antioxidant vitamins and coenzyme Q does not modify the endogenous antioxidant response to training.

scholarly journals Effects of a Single Oral Megadose of Vitamin D3 on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Markers in Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 525-534
Author(s):  
Laine de Carvalho Guerra Pessoa Mamede ◽  
Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de Lima ◽  
Alexandre Sérgio Silva ◽  
João Carlos Lima Rodrigues Pita ◽  
Nadjeanny Ingrid Galdino Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic Acid-Acylated Astaxanthin Esters Exhibit Superior Renal Protective Effect to Recombination of Astaxanthin with DHA via Alleviating Oxidative Stress Coupled with Apoptosis in Vancomycin-Treated Mice with Nephrotoxicity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Hao-Hao Shi ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Li-Pin Chen ◽  
Cheng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Qing-Rong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Kidney Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Prevention of acute kidney injury caused by drugs is still a clinical problem to be solved urgently. Astaxanthin (AST) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are important marine-derived active ingredients, and they are reported to exhibit renal protective activity. It is noteworthy that the existing forms of AST in nature are mainly fatty acid-acylated AST monoesters and diesters, as well as unesterified AST, in which DHA is an esterified fatty acid. However, no reports focus on the different bioactivities of unesterified AST, monoesters and diesters, as well as the recombination of DHA and unesterified AST on nephrotoxicity. In the present study, vancomycin-treated mice were used to evaluate the effects of DHA-acylated AST monoesters, DHA-acylated AST diesters, unesterified AST, and the recombination of AST and DHA in alleviating nephrotoxicity by determining serum biochemical index, histopathological changes, and the enzyme activity related to oxidative stress. Results found that the intervention of DHA-acylated AST diesters significantly ameliorated kidney dysfunction by decreasing the levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine, alleviating pathological damage and oxidative stress compared to AST monoester, unesterified AST, and the recombination of AST and DHA. Further studies revealed that dietary DHA-acylated AST esters could inhibit the activation of the caspase cascade and MAPKs signaling pathway, and reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings indicated that the administration of DHA-acylated AST esters could alleviate vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity, which represented a potentially novel candidate or therapeutic adjuvant for alleviating acute kidney injury.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Kidney Disease: The Targets for SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10822
Author(s):  
Agata Winiarska ◽  
Monika Knysak ◽  
Katarzyna Nabrdalik ◽  
Janusz Gumprecht ◽  
Tomasz Stompór
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Protection ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasing worldwide, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the leading long-term complications of T2D. Several lines of evidence indicate that glucose-lowering agents prevent the onset and progression of DKD in its early stages but are of limited efficacy in later stages of DKD. However, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonists were shown to exert nephroprotective effects in patients with established DKD, i.e., those who had a reduced glomerular filtration rate. These effects cannot be solely attributed to the improved metabolic control of diabetes. In our review, we attempted to discuss the interactions of both groups of agents with inflammation and oxidative stress—the key pathways contributing to organ damage in the course of diabetes. SGLT2i and GLP-1R antagonists attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental in vitro and in vivo models of DKD in several ways. In addition, we have described experiments showing the same protective mechanisms as found in DKD in non-diabetic kidney injury models as well as in some tissues and organs other than the kidney. The interaction between both drug groups, inflammation and oxidative stress appears to have a universal mechanism of organ protection in diabetes and other diseases.

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