scholarly journals Saskatoon Berry Amelanchier alnifolia Regulates Glucose Metabolism and Improves Cardiovascular and Liver Signs of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan du Preez ◽  
Stephen Wanyonyi ◽  
Peter Mouatt ◽  
Sunil K. Panchal ◽  
Lindsay Brown
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Amelanchier Alnifolia

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia) is a potential functional food containing anthocyanins and flavonols, as well as ellagitannins and phenolic acids. We have determined the potential therapeutic effects of Saskatoon berry in diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Nine- to ten-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups. Two groups were fed on control diets, either corn starch (C) or high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (H) respectively, for 16 weeks. Two further groups were fed on C or H diet for 16 weeks with Saskatoon berry powder added to the diet for the final 8 weeks (CSSK, HSSK). After 16 weeks, H rats showed symptoms of metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight, visceral adiposity, systolic blood pressure, cardiac fibrosis, plasma concentrations of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids, and plasma activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. Saskatoon berry intervention normalised body weight and adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, decreased systolic blood pressure, improved heart and liver structure and function with decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells, and decreased plasma total cholesterol. Further, Saskatoon berry normalised liver expression of hexokinase 1 and glycogen phosphorylase and increased glucose 6-phosphatase relative to H rats. These results suggest that Saskatoon berry regulates glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis to improve metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Pattern of Metabolic Syndrome in Clinical Practice

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Quazi Tarikul Islam ◽  
Md Azizul Haque ◽  
ASM Shawkat Ali ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
Sultana Monira Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

1068 randomly sampled adult Bangladeshi people were studied during a period of six months from October 2004 to March 2005. It was a randomized, prospective study. Cases that fulfilled two criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were evaluated to see pattern and types of MetS. Out of 1068 patients, 110 (10.3%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 101 (9.4%) cases were labeled as metabolic syndrome according to NCEP ATP III criteria, 09 cases had only two criteria. 40 cases were male & 70 cases were female (M:F= 1:1.8). Mean age of patients with was 44.88, ranging from the age of 20-68 years. Majority (55%) of the patients were in the age group of 30-49 years. Half of the cases had BMI 30-34.9. Mean body weight of male was 85.9 kg and of female was 78.2 kg. Mean waist circumference of male was 41.7 inches and of female 40 inches. Mean HDL for male was 38.3 mg/dL and for female is 40.2 mg/dL. Mean Triglyceride for male was 172.1 and for female was 169.3 mg/dL. Mean total cholesterol for male was 216.7 and for female was 207.6 mg/dL. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for men is 162 mm Hg & diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 99 mm Hg and for female mean SBP 155 and DBP 96 mm Hg. Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in the 3rd and 4th decade of life in both sexes. It is almost twice common in female than male. Combination of hypertension, obesity & dyslipidemia comprises nearly 40% of its presentation.    doi: 10.3329/jom.v10i2.2813 J MEDICINE 2009; 10 : 48-51

scholarly journals Caulerpa lentillifera (Sea Grapes) Improves Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health of Rats with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Ryan du Preez ◽  
Marwan E. Majzoub ◽  
Torsten Thomas ◽  
Sunil K. Panchal ◽  
Lindsay Brown
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Insoluble Fibre ◽  
Caulerpa Lentillifera

Caulerpa lentillifera (sea grapes) is widely consumed in South-East Asia as a low-energy food with high contents of vitamins and minerals. This study investigated dried sea grapes containing 16.6% insoluble fibre commercially produced in Vietnam as an intervention. We hypothesised that insoluble fibre is the primary metabolite that will reverse diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Male Wistar rats (n = 48) were randomly allocated to four groups in a 16 week protocol. Two groups were fed either corn starch (C) or high-carbohydrate, high-fat (H) diets for the full 16 weeks. The other two groups received C and H diets for eight weeks and then received C. lentillifera added to these diets for the final eight weeks (CCL and HCL, respectively). High-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats developed obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, fatty liver disease and increased left ventricular collagen deposition. C. lentillifera supplementation in HCL rats decreased body weight, systolic blood pressure, plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids, inflammatory cells in heart and liver, and visceral adiposity. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio decreased in the gut microbiota of HCL rats. Therefore, C. lentillifera attenuated cardiovascular and metabolic symptoms of metabolic syndrome in rats, possibly by preventing infiltration of inflammatory cells together with modulating gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Urinary sodium excretion and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A community-based cohort study in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Yi-Jie Wang ◽  
Kuo-Lioug Chien ◽  
Hsiu-Ching Hsu ◽  
Hung-Ju Lin ◽  
Ta-Chen Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Salt Sensitivity ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Media Thickness

Abstract Urinary sodium excretion is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the underlying biological mechanisms and effects of salt sensitivity are unclear. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relative contribution of biological factors to the sodium-CVD association. A total of 2112 participants were enrolled in this study. Structured questionnaires and blood and urine samples were obtained. Twenty-four-hour sodium excretion was estimated using a single overnight urine sample. Hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and overweight status were considered to indicate salt sensitivity. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the effects of salt sensitivity on urinary sodium excretion and CVD risk. The traditional mediation approach was used to calculate the proportion of mediation. The mean age (standard deviation) of the 2112 participants was 54.5 (12.2) years, and they were followed up for a mean of 14.1 [8.1] years. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, the highest baseline urinary sodium excretion (>4.2g/24 hours) was associated with a 43% higher CVD risk (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.99). Participants with high urinary sodium excretion, hypertension, or metabolic syndrome had a significantly high risk of CVD. The carotid intima-media thickness had the largest mediating effect (accounting for 35% of the sodium-CVD association), followed by systolic blood pressure (33%), left ventricular mass (28%), and diastolic blood pressure (14%). Higher urinary sodium excretion increased the risk of CVD, which was explained largely by carotid media-thickness and systolic blood pressure.

What Types of Exercise Are More Effective in Reducing Obesity and Blood Pressure for Middle-Aged Women? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110154
Author(s):  
Seong-Hi Park ◽  
Chul-Gyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Aged

Background: A systematic review was performed to identify the types of physical activities effective as interventions in preventing metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women. Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) served as the data sources. Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 was applied to assess the risk of bias of the randomized controlled trials. Meta-analyses were performed on selected studies using Review Manager 5.3. Thirty-one trials enrolling 2,202 participants were included. Results: Compared to controls, the effects of physical activity were indicated by pooled mean differences, which were −0.57 kg for body weight, −0.43 kg/m2 for body mass index, −1.63 cm for waist circumference, −4.89 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (BP), and −2.71 mmHg for diastolic BP. The effects were greater on the measurements of waist circumference and BP than on body weight and BMI. The types of physical activities were further analyzed according to sub-groups. Only aerobic exercise did not affect body weight and resistance exercise did not significantly change any results. Contrarily, combined exercises significantly reduced measurements of waist circumference and BP. Conclusion: This review can provide valuable information for research and implementation of measures to prevent metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women.

scholarly journals Effect of Age and Body Weight on the Systolic Blood Pressure of the Growing Chicken

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1465-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Nichols ◽  
D.K. Hotchkiss ◽  
S.L. Balloun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Effect Of Age

Contribution of vasopressin to the maintenance of blood pressure during dehydration

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (5) ◽  
pp. F615-F621 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Woods ◽  
C. I. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Brattleboro Rats ◽  
Continuous Administration ◽  
Plasma Vasopressin ◽  
Long Evans

Normal Long-Evans rats, when dehydrated for up to 72 h, have a progressive rise in plasma vasopressin that is associated with a fall in body weight and urine volume, a rise in plasma and urine osmolality, and the maintenance of normal systolic blood pressure. In contrast, Brattleboro diabetes insipidus rats, genetically deficient in vasopressin, when dehydrated to achieve an equivalent body weight loss, have a significant 15 mmHg fall in systolic blood pressure. Even when fluid balance is corrected in the Brattleboro rats by the continuous administration of 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, a synthetic vasopressin analogue with potent antidiuretic properties but minimal pressor activity, blood pressure still falls when the animals are dehydrated. In contrast, Brattleboro rats infused with exogenous arginine vasopressin to produce a plasma vasopressin level of 18.9 +/- 3.5 pg X ml-1 are able to maintain normal blood pressure during 48 h of dehydration. This level of vasopressin is comparable to the level found endogenously in dehydrated Long-Evans rats and is nonpressor in normal rats. These results suggest that both the antidiuretic and vasoconstrictor properties of vasopressin are important in the cardiovascular response to dehydration.

scholarly journals Osobennosti funktsional'nogo sostoyaniyakory nadpochechnikov i shchitovidnoy zhelezypri metabolicheskom sindrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
I V Madyanov ◽  
V A Kichigin ◽  
T N Markova ◽  
S M Semakina ◽  
I B Bashkova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Total Triiodothyronine

The aim. To study the functional state of adrenal cortex and thyroid gland in metabolic syndrome (MS). 186 women and 65 men were included. Blood levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, total thyroxin, total triiodothyronine, thyroid stimulating hormone were studied in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (IDF test) and their relation with MS components. The results. 75 (29,9%) of the 251 examined patients had MS. In the group with MS the levels of total thyroxin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate were decreased to 1,90±0,18 microgram/milliliter vs. 2,37±0,12 microgram/milliliter (р=0,033) in patients without MS and 2,19±0,26 nmol/l vs. 2,59±0,15 nmol/l (р=0,040), respectively. The levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate were inversely correlated with the systolic blood pressure (r=-0,23, р

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