Effect of Age and Body Weight on the Systolic Blood Pressure of the Growing Chicken

Normal Long-Evans rats, when dehydrated for up to 72 h, have a progressive rise in plasma vasopressin that is associated with a fall in body weight and urine volume, a rise in plasma and urine osmolality, and the maintenance of normal systolic blood pressure. In contrast, Brattleboro diabetes insipidus rats, genetically deficient in vasopressin, when dehydrated to achieve an equivalent body weight loss, have a significant 15 mmHg fall in systolic blood pressure. Even when fluid balance is corrected in the Brattleboro rats by the continuous administration of 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, a synthetic vasopressin analogue with potent antidiuretic properties but minimal pressor activity, blood pressure still falls when the animals are dehydrated. In contrast, Brattleboro rats infused with exogenous arginine vasopressin to produce a plasma vasopressin level of 18.9 +/- 3.5 pg X ml-1 are able to maintain normal blood pressure during 48 h of dehydration. This level of vasopressin is comparable to the level found endogenously in dehydrated Long-Evans rats and is nonpressor in normal rats. These results suggest that both the antidiuretic and vasoconstrictor properties of vasopressin are important in the cardiovascular response to dehydration.

Download Full-text

Assessing Children's Blood Pressure—Considerations of Age and Body Size: The Muscatine Study

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.75.6.1081 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 1081-1090

Author(s):

Ronald M. Lauer ◽

Trudy L. Burns ◽

William R. Clarke

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Size ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

High Blood Pressure ◽

Clinical Setting ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Pressure Level ◽

Excessive Body Weight

Blood pressure was assessed in 4,207 children, aged 5 to 18 years, examined in the schools of Muscatine, Iowa during 1981. Overall, 69.9% of the age-sex-specific quintiles and height-sex-specific quintiles of systolic blood pressure were identical. In only 1.0% of children did these quintiles differ by more than one. Children whose blood pressure was in the highest quintile for both age and height were more obese than their peers. Those whose blood pressure was high for age but not for height were proportionately taller and heavier than their age peers. Children whose blood pressure was high for height but not for age were older, shorter, and lighter. Thus, having precocious levels of blood pressure for age during childhood is associated with excessive body weight or precocious height, whereas having high blood pressure for height but not for age is associated with being short for age. The latter suggests that age may be a factor independent of height and weight affecting blood pressure level in childhood. These relationships of body size and age to blood pressure must be considered when evaluating children's blood pressure levels in the clinical setting, and a technique for doing so is presented.

Download Full-text

Rough estimate of changes in body weight and systolic blood pressure after initiating hemodialysis therapy.

Nihon Toseki Igakkai Zasshi ◽

10.4009/jsdt.28.1407 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 28 (11) ◽

pp. 1407-1413

Author(s):

Satoko Nakamura ◽

Genjiro Kimura ◽

Jun Tomita ◽

Takuya Inoue ◽

Takashi Inenaga

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure

Download Full-text

Isolation of Prunin From Bauhinia variegata and Its Antioxidant Activity in Rats Fed an Atherogenic Diet

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x20967875 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X2096787

Author(s):

Xi Zhang ◽

Binghua Ye

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Atherogenic Diet ◽

Plaque Formation ◽

Proinflammatory Mediators ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Bauhinia Variegata

Atherosclerosis is no longer a disease attributed mainly to high cholesterol content in the body; it has come to be regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune component. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the prunin fraction (PF) isolated from the ethanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata against the release of various proinflammatory mediators in rats fed an atherogenic diet. The diet was administered orally to Sprague Dawley rats for 60 days to induce atherosclerosis. The blood serum of the rats was used to estimate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, catalase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein using assay kits. Other physical parameters, such as body weight, feed intake, and systolic blood pressure, were also determined during the study. The results showed a significant protective effect of the PF against diet-induced atherosclerosis by decreasing the levels of proinflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6. Rats treated with PF (20 and 40 mg/kg) showed a change in systolic blood pressure and a reduction in oxidative stress induced by the atherogenic diet. Reduction in body weight and modulation of food intake were observed in PF-treated rats, which indicated atheroprotective, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects. The study concludes that the atheroprotective properties of PF are due to effects on the initial phase of plaque formation to thrombus formation. This study may help researchers to find a better alternative for selecting optimal therapies and preventing plaque formation. Future Significance: This article focuses on the molecular mechanisms involved in the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques and different targets that act at the starting stage of the plaque to thrombus formation. This may pave the way for selecting optimal therapies and preventing plaque complications.

Download Full-text

Pattern of Metabolic Syndrome in Clinical Practice

Journal of Medicine ◽

10.3329/jom.v10i2.2813 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 48-51

Author(s):

Quazi Tarikul Islam ◽

Md Azizul Haque ◽

ASM Shawkat Ali ◽

ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽

Sultana Monira Hussain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Age Group ◽

Inclusion Criteria

1068 randomly sampled adult Bangladeshi people were studied during a period of six months from October 2004 to March 2005. It was a randomized, prospective study. Cases that fulfilled two criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were evaluated to see pattern and types of MetS. Out of 1068 patients, 110 (10.3%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 101 (9.4%) cases were labeled as metabolic syndrome according to NCEP ATP III criteria, 09 cases had only two criteria. 40 cases were male & 70 cases were female (M:F= 1:1.8). Mean age of patients with was 44.88, ranging from the age of 20-68 years. Majority (55%) of the patients were in the age group of 30-49 years. Half of the cases had BMI 30-34.9. Mean body weight of male was 85.9 kg and of female was 78.2 kg. Mean waist circumference of male was 41.7 inches and of female 40 inches. Mean HDL for male was 38.3 mg/dL and for female is 40.2 mg/dL. Mean Triglyceride for male was 172.1 and for female was 169.3 mg/dL. Mean total cholesterol for male was 216.7 and for female was 207.6 mg/dL. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for men is 162 mm Hg & diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 99 mm Hg and for female mean SBP 155 and DBP 96 mm Hg. Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in the 3rd and 4th decade of life in both sexes. It is almost twice common in female than male. Combination of hypertension, obesity & dyslipidemia comprises nearly 40% of its presentation. doi: 10.3329/jom.v10i2.2813 J MEDICINE 2009; 10 : 48-51

Download Full-text

Durability of Effects of Exenatide Treatment on Glycemic Control, Body Weight, Systolic Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein, and Triglyceride Concentrations

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.4158/ep10199.or ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 192-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ajay Varanasi ◽

Ajay Chaudhuri ◽

Sandeep Dhindsa ◽

Amita Arora ◽

Teekam Lohano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Control Body

Download Full-text

SUN-568 Elevation of Serum Kisspeptin in Hypertensive Women

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yanint Raksadawan ◽

Chantacha Sitticharoon ◽

Peerada Boonpuan ◽

Pailin Maikaew ◽

Issarawan Keadkraichaiwat

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Hip Circumference ◽

Positive Correlations

Abstract Kisspeptin and leptin have been shown to have an effect on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to compare serum kisspeptin and leptin levels between the non-hypertensive (non-HT) and the hypertensive (HT) groups with or without body mass index matching, and determine correlations between systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure with serum kisspeptin and leptin levels as well as clinical and adipocyte parameters. 30 female patients who underwent abdominal surgery were recruited. Blood samples, anthropometric data, and tissue samples of visceral and subcutaneous fat were obtained. Serum kisspeptin levels (ng/ml) (non-HT=1.01±0.1 vs. HT=1.53±0.19), body weight (kg) (non-HT=55.45±3.37 vs. HT=63.69±2.42), waist circumference (cm) (non-HT=78.01±2.49 vs. HT=84.89±2.40), hip circumference (cm) (non-HT=92.94±2.18 vs. HT=99.43±1.85), plasma glucose (mg/ml) (non-HT=55.45±3.37 vs. HT=63.69±2.42), plasma insulin (μM/ml) (non-HT=4.64±0.92 vs. HT=7.13±0.85), the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (non-HT=0.94±0.20 vs. HT=1.72±0.22), and height of visceral adipocytes (μm) (non-HT=72.64±6.75 vs. HT=90.25±4.52) were significantly higher but the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (non-HT=0.41±0.01 vs. HT=0.36±0.01) was significantly lower in hypertensive compared to non-hypertensive subjects (p<0.05 all). Systolic blood pressure had significantly positive correlations with diastolic blood pressure (R=0.568), glucose (R=0.526), the HOMA-IR (R=0.387), and serum kisspeptin (R=0.569), but has a significantly negative correlation with the QUICKI (R=-0.414). Diastolic blood pressure had positive correlations with body weight (R=0.477), waist circumference (R=0.517), hip circumference (R=0.578), glucose (R=0.533), the HOMA-IR (R=0.415), and width (R=0.436) and height (R=0.439) of visceral adipocytes, but has a negative correlation with the QUICKI (R= -0.464). In conclusion, kisspeptin, obesity especially visceral adiposity, and insulin resistance might contribute to increased blood pressure in hypertensive subjects.

Download Full-text

Comparative Evaluation of Aloe vera and Diclofenac on Body Weight, Blood Pressure and Renal Function of Hypertensive Rats

Proceedings of Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex Lahore - October to December ◽

10.47489/p000s351z7821-6mc ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Nadeem Yaqoob

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Renal Function ◽

Body Weight ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Aloe Vera Gel ◽

Group B

Introduction: NSAIDs are known to cause salt and water retention leading to hypertension and renal impairment. Aloe vera gel has been used in medicinal preparations for decades. Limited data is available regarding effect of Aloe vera on renal function. There is a need to search this aspect of Aloe vera, to use it judiciously. Aims & Objectives: To estimate and compare the effects of Aloe vera and diclofenac on systolic blood pressure and renal functions of hypertensive rats. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha and Department of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha for the period of three months. Material & Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=24) were divided into four groups; Group A (Normal control), Group B (Hypertensive control), Group C (Aloe vera treated) and Group D (Diclofenac treated). Hypertension was induced in groups B, C and D by 20% sucrose diet in 8 weeks. After induction of hypertension, distilled water, dried Aloe vera gel 400 mg/kg and diclofenac 12 mg/kg were given orally to group B, C and D respectively for 2 weeks as a single morning dose. Body weight and systolic blood pressure were measured weekly, while serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and urinary proteins were estimated and compared at 0, 8 and 10 weeks. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 and p value of ?0.05 was considered significant. Results: Diclofenac decreased body weight of rats non-significantly and increased systolic blood pressure significantly (p< 0.03) whereas Aloe vera increased body weight significantly (p<0.012) and had no significant effect on systolic blood pressure. Diclofenac treated group showed deterioration of renal function as compared to Aloe vera treated group numerically. Conclusion: Aloe vera may be safer anti-inflammatory agent than diclofenac for treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions if the patient also has hypertension or renal disease.

Download Full-text