scholarly journals Determinants of Adherence in Time-Restricted Feeding in Older Adults: Lessons from a Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Lee ◽  
Caroline Sypniewski ◽  
Benjamin A. Bensadon ◽  
Christian McLaren ◽  
William T. Donahoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Baseline Visit

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a type of intermittent fasting in which no calories are commonly consumed for approximately 12–18 hours on a daily basis. The health benefits of this eating pattern have been shown in overweight adults, with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors as well as the preservation of lean mass during weight loss. Although TRF has been well studied in younger and middle-aged adults, few studies have evaluated the effects of TRF in older adults. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate older-adult perspectives regarding the real-world advantages, disadvantages, and challenges to adopting a TRF eating pattern among participants aged 65 and over. A four-week single-arm pre- and post-test design was used for this clinical pilot trial TRF intervention study. Participants were instructed to fast for approximately 16 h per day with the daily target range between 14 and 18 h. Participants were provided with the TRF protocol at a baseline visit, along with a pictorial guide that depicted food items and beverages that were allowed and not allowed during fasting windows to reinforce that calorie-containing items were to be avoided. The trial interventionist called each participant weekly to promote adherence, review the protocol, monitor for adverse events, and provide support and guidance for any challenges faced during the intervention. Participants were instructed to complete daily eating time logs by recording the times at which they first consumed calories and when they stopped consuming calories. At the end of the intervention, participants completed an exit interview and a study-specific Diet Satisfaction Survey (Table 1) to assess their satisfaction, feasibility, and overall experience with the study intervention. Of the 10 participants who commenced the study (mean age = 77.1 y; 6 women, 4 men), nine completed the entire protocol. Seven of the ten participants reported easy adjustment to a 16-hour fast and rated the difference from normal eating patterns as minimal. Eight participants reported no decrease in energy during fasting periods, with greater self-reported activity levels in yardwork and light exercise. Adverse events were rare, and included transient headaches, which dissipated with increased water intake, and dizziness in one participant, which subsided with a small snack. The findings of the current trial suggest that TRF is an eating approach that is well tolerated by most older adults. Six participants, however, did not fully understand the requirements of the fasting regimen, despite being provided with specific instructions and a pictorial guide at a baseline visit. This suggests that more instruction and/or participant contact is needed in the early stages of a TRF intervention to promote adherence.

scholarly journals The Effects of Time Restricted Feeding on Overweight, Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Anton ◽  
Stephanie A. Lee ◽  
William T. Donahoo ◽  
Christian McLaren ◽  
Todd Manini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Eating Pattern

A growing body of evidence indicates that time restricted feeding (TRF), a popular form of intermittent fasting, can activate similar biological pathways as caloric restriction, the only intervention consistently found to extend healthy lifespan in a variety of species. Thus, TRF may have the potential to also improve function in older adults. Given the challenges many individuals have in following calorie restriction regimens over long-time periods, evaluation of alternative approaches that may produce weight loss and improve function in overweight, older adults is important. Ten overweight, sedentary older adults (≥65 years) at risk for, or with mobility impairments, defined by slow gait speed (<1.0 m/s) participated in this trial. All participants received the intervention and were instructed to fast for approximately 16 h per day over the entire four-week intervention. Outcomes included changes in body weight, waist circumference, cognitive and physical function, health-related quality of life, and adverse events. Adherence levels were high (mean = 84%) based on days goal was met, and mean weight loss was 2.6 kg (p < 0.01). Since body composition was not measured in this study, it is unclear if the observed weight loss was due to loss of fat mass, muscle mass, or the combination of fat and muscle mass. There were no significant changes in other outcomes; however, there were clinically meaningful changes in walking speed and improvements in quality of life, with few reported adverse events. The findings of this pilot study suggest that time restricted feeding is an acceptable and feasible eating pattern for overweight, sedentary older adults to follow.

scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding and lower-extremity functioning in community-dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela B. Estrada-DeLeón ◽  
Ellen A Struijk ◽  
Francisco Félix Caballero ◽  
Mercedes Sotos Prieto ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Fasting Time ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Time-restricted feeding, a specific form of intermittent fasting, has been associated with several possible health benefits including improved body composition, blood lipid levels and extended lifespan. However, it is unknown if time-restricted feeding confers a protective effect on the physical function of older adults. The aim of this study was to assess time-restricted feeding in association with performance-based lower-extremity function (LEF) in a large population of community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Cross-sectional study among 1,226 individuals ≥64 years from the Seniors-ENRICA-II cohort. In 2016-2017, habitual diet was assessed through a validated diet history. Fasting time was classified into the following categories: ≤9, 10-11, and ≥12hours/day, the latter being considered time-restricted feeding. Performance-based LEF was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB).Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, a longer fasting period was associated with a higher likelihood of impaired LEF [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the second and third categories: 2.27 (1.56-3.33); and 2.70 (1.80-4.04), respectively, considering the ≤9 hours/day fasting group as the reference category; p-trend <0.001]. When assessing each SPPB subtest separately, fasting time showed a significant association with balance impairment (OR for highest vs. lowest fasting time: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.51-4.08; p-trend= 0.001) and difficulty to rise from a chair (OR for highest vs. lowest fasting time: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.05-2.06; p-trend= 0.01).Conclusions: Time-restricted feeding was associated with a higher likelihood of impaired LEF, balance impairment, and difficulty to rise from a chair in older adults. These results need to be confirmed in further longitudinal studies.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03541135. Registered 30 May 2018, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Habitual Physical Activity and Diabetes Control in Young and Older Adults with Type II Diabetes: A Longitudinal Correlational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1330
Author(s):  
Chia-Hsun Chang ◽  
Ching-Pyng Kuo ◽  
Chien-Ning Huang ◽  
Shiow-Li Hwang ◽  
Wen-Chun Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Correlational Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Physical Activities ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

This study aimed to determine whether daily physical activity in young and older adults with T2DM is associated with diabetes control. A prospective correlational study involving 206 young (≤65 years) and older (>65 years) adults was conducted. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess their daily physical activity levels. Patients’ mean HbA1c level was 7.8% (±1.4), and 95.9% of patients had unsatisfactory diabetes control. Performing more minutes per week of moderate-intensity daily physical activity was associated with a lower risk of glycemia in both young and older adults. Furthermore, moderate daily physical activity significantly lowered the risk of glycemia. Health personnel must encourage patients to engage in moderate daily physical activities to improve diabetes control.

scholarly journals The effect of calorie intake, fasting, and dietary composition on metabolic health and gut microbiota in mice

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyi Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Yuh Jiun Loh ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Chenhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Ad Libitum

Abstract Background Calorie restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) can promote metabolic health through a process that is partially mediated by gut microbiota modulation. To compare the effects of CR and IF with different dietary structures on metabolic health and the gut microbiota, we performed an experiment in which mice were subjected to a CR or IF regimen and an additional IF control (IFCtrl) group whose total energy intake was not different from that of the CR group was included. Each regimen was included for normal chow and high-fat diet. Results We showed that in normal-chow mice, the IFCtrl regimen had similar positive effects on glucose and lipid metabolism as the CR regimen, but the IF regimen showed almost no influence compared to the outcomes observed in the ad libitum group. IF also resulted in improvements, but the effects were less marked than those associate with CR and IFCtrl when the mice were fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, CR created a stable and unique gut microbial community, while the gut microbiota shaped by IF exhibited dynamic changes in fasting-refeeding cycles. At the end of each cycle, the gut microbiota of the IFCtrl mice was similar to that of the CR mice, and the gut microbiota of the IF mice was similar to that of the ad libitum group. When the abundance of Lactobacillus murinus OTU2 was high, the corresponding metabolic phenotype was improved regardless of eating pattern and dietary structure, which might be one of the key bacterial groups in the gut microbiota that is positively correlated with metabolic amelioration. Conclusion There are interactions among the amount of food intake, the diet structure, and the fasting time on metabolic health. The structure and composition of gut microbiota modified by dietary regimens might contribute to the beneficial effects on the host metabolism.

Physical activity levels in older adults with ID are extremely low

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. S48-S49
Author(s):  
T. Hilgenkamp ◽  
R. Van Wijck ◽  
H. Evenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

scholarly journals Are all Older Adults with Persistent Pain Created Equal? Preliminary Evidence for a Multiaxial Taxonomy

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra K Weiner ◽  
Thomas E Rudy ◽  
Swati Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Activity Levels

BACKGROUND: Persistent pain is grossly undertreated in older adult sufferers, despite its high prevalence in this age group. Because of its multidimensional impacts, including depression, sleep disruption and physical disability, patients with persistent pain often benefit from interdisciplinary pain clinic treatment. This treatment is expensive, however, and may not be required by all patients. The Multiaxial Assessment of Pain (MAP) has demonstrated value in predicting response to treatment in younger adults with persistent pain.OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of a MAP taxonomy for community-dwelling adults age 65 years or older.PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURES: One hundred eight subjects with persistent pain (mean age 73.8 years, SD=8.4 years) were interviewed and data collected on demographics, pain intensity, depressive symptoms, sleep disruption, pain interference with performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living, frequency of engagement in advanced activities of daily living, cognitive function and comorbidity. A subset of these subjects underwent physical capacities testing, including maximal isometric lift strength, dynamic lifting endurance, timed chair rise and balance.RESULTS: Analyses derived three primary clusters of patients. Cluster 1 (24%) reported less intense pain, less depression and sleep disruption, and higher activity levels. Cluster 3 (30%) suffered from more pain and were more functionally disabled. Cluster 2 (46%) had characteristics of cluster 1 and cluster 3, but with some characteristics that were clearly unique.CONCLUSIONS: While these results are preliminary and require further validation, they indicate that older adults are heterogeneous in their response to persistent pain. Future studies should be performed to examine whether the MAP taxonomy is applicable to older adults regardless of medical diagnosis. Ultimately, this information may have meaning with regard to both treatment prescribing, and the design and interpretation of intervention studies.

scholarly journals Walking Cadence to Exercise at Moderate Intensity for Adults: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Slaght ◽  
M. Sénéchal ◽  
T. J. Hrubeniuk ◽  
A. Mayo ◽  
D. R. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Aerobic Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background. Most adults choose walking as a leisure activity. However, many do not reach the international physical activity guidelines for adults, which recommend moderate intensity aerobic activity for at least 150 minutes/week in bouts of 10 minutes. Purpose. This systematic review provides an update on the walking cadence required to reach moderate intensity in adults and older adults, identifies variables associated with reaching moderate intensity, and evaluates how walking cadence intensity should be measured, but the main purpose is to report the interventions that have been attempted to prescribe walking cadence to increase time spent at moderate intensity or other outcomes for adults and older adults. Methods. SportDISCUS, Scopus, and PubMed databases were searched. We identified 3,917 articles and 31 were retained for this systematic review. Only articles written in English were included. Results. In general, 100 steps/minute is prescribed for adults to achieve moderate intensity, but older adults may require a higher cadence. Currently, few studies have explored using walking cadence prescription as an intervention to increase physical activity levels. Conclusion. Prescribing walking cadence as a way to increase physical activity levels has potential as a practical and useful strategy, but more evidence is required to assess its ability to increase physical activity levels at moderate intensity.

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