scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficient Older Adults Are More Prone to Have Metabolic Syndrome, but Not to a Greater Number of Metabolic Syndrome Parameters

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Henrique Pott-Junior ◽  
Carla Manuela Crispim Nascimento ◽  
Letícia Pimenta Costa-Guarisco ◽  
Grace Angelica de Oliveira Gomes ◽  
Karina Gramani-Say ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

This study investigated the relationship between metabolic parameters and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in older adults (n = 265). They were assessed for anthropometrics and metabolic measurements, including 25(OH)D, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and other inflammatory markers. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25(OH)D level below 50 nmol/L. Comparisons between groups were performed using Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney or Pearson’s Chi-squared test. A multivariate adjusted Poisson regression was used to model the number of metabolic parameters as a function of a set of explanatory variables. Subjects with 25(OH)D deficiency were predominantly females and presented higher body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and higher insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome was also more prevalent among 25(OH)D-deficient subjects. In those without metabolic syndrome, 25(OH)D deficiency was related only to obesity and higher insulin resistance. Female sex, hypertension, higher waist circumference and higher levels of hemoglobin A1C (%), HDL-C, and TG were significantly associated with an increased number of metabolic syndrome parameters after adjusting for covariates, but 25(OH)D was not. The fact that serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance not only reaffirms the relevance to consider serum 25(OH)D concentration as an influencing factor for insulin resistance, but also the need to actively screen for hypovitaminosis D in all patients with this condition.

The association between plant-based diet indices and metabolic syndrome in Iranian older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199267
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Amini* ◽  
Hossein Shahinfar ◽  
Farhang Djafari ◽  
Fatemeh Sheikhhossein ◽  
Sina Naghshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Background: We investigated the association between plant-based diets indices – an overall plant-based diet index; a healthful plant-based diet index; and an unhealthful plant-based diet index – and metabolic syndrome among Iranian older adults. Aim: We aimed to examine the relationship between plant-based diet indices and metabolic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 178 older adults (51 men and 127 women), with a mean age of 67.04 (60–83) who were referred to health centers in Tehran, Iran. Blood and urine samples were collected to measure serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We created an overall plant-based diet index, healthful plant-based diet index, and unhealthful plant-based diet index from semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire data. Anthropometric measures were done. Results: Our crude model results showed that triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and waist circumference did not significantly differ between tertiles of plant-based diet index and healthful plant-based diet index; also triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and waist circumference did not significantly differ between tertiles of unhealthful plant-based diet index, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly differed between tertiles of unhealthful plant-based diet index. After adjusting for confounders the results remained non-significant for plant-based diet index but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significant for healthful and unhealthful plant-based diet indices. There was also no significant association between plant-based diet index (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.53–2.33), healthful plant-based diet index (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.39–1.68), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.38–1.72) with metabolic syndrome, even after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions: Our findings showed that plant-based diets are not significantly associated with risk of metabolic syndrome in older adults. To confirm the veracity of these findings, more studies should be conducted.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Supplementation Does Not Affect Metabolic Changes Seen With ART Initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Muhammad ◽  
Ellen S Chan ◽  
Todd T Brown ◽  
Pablo Tebas ◽  
Grace A McComsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Art Initiation

Abstract Background Insulin resistance and lipid changes are common after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Observational studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of developing diabetes and improves lipid profiles. Methods This 48-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated high-dose vitamin D3 (4000 IU daily) plus calcium supplementation (1000 mg calcium carbonate daily) in HIV-infected participants initiating ART with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir (EFV/FTC/TDF). Changes in insulin resistance (as estimated by homeostatic model assessment), fasting lipid profile, and components of the metabolic syndrome were assessed at baseline, 24 weeks, and 48 weeks. Stratified Wilcoxon rank sum tests and stratified normal score tests were used to evaluate differences between treatment arms, stratified by screening 25-OH vitamin D stratum (≤/>20 ng/mL). Results A total of 165 participants enrolled: 79 in the vitamin D/calcium (Vit D/Cal) arm and 86 in the placebo arm. Only the placebo arm experienced a modest increase in insulin resistance at week 24 (P < .001). While increases in total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant in both arms at weeks 24 and 48, increases in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at week 24 were only identified in the placebo arm (P = .011). Body mass index remained stable, whereas modest increases in waist circumference were observed in the placebo arm. Metabolic syndrome was present in 19 participants (12%) at baseline and 20 participants (14%) at week 48, without differences between arms. Conclusions Vit D/Cal supplementation over 48 weeks did not alter the lipid profile or glucose metabolism experienced with initiation of EFV/FTC/TDF in ART-naïve persons. Vitamin D supplementation is unlikely to be an effective strategy to attenuate metabolic dysregulations with ART initiation.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Vitamin D and Clinical Implications for Obesity-Related Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Noor Thair Tahir ◽  
Hind SH. Ahmed ◽  
Rasha K. Hashim ◽  
Teba D. Soluiman
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes have both rapidly raised during the last periods and are ongoing to increase at a disturbing rate universal. Several clinical and epidemiological researches demonstrated a reverse association between circulating vitamin D levels, central adiposity and the progress of insulin resistance and diabetes. Objective: The target of this work was to elucidate the complex role of vitamin D and the clinical implications of diabetes on metabolic defects related with obesity. Subjects and Methods: This study encompassed 90 diabetic patients (45 obese and 45 non obese) who were attending the National Diabetic Center/ Al-Mustansiriyah University during the period from June 2019 to January 2020; their age range was (35-60) years. All participant underwent clinical and biochemical examinations. Results: A substantial rise (p= 0.01) in waist/hip ratio, body mass index, fasting serum glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese diabetic patients as paralleled to non-obese group. Moreover, there was an elevation in glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in obese group, but it was not significant. A substantial decrease (p= 0.01) in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and vitamin D3 were detected in obese diabetic patients as paralleled to non-obese group.       Also, obese diabetic patients had the higher percent (61%) of D3 deficiency as paralleled to non-obese patients. Conclusions: In the present study, it is found that there is significant increase in blood sugar in the individuals with decreased vitamin D levels, which was related with insulin resistance, decreased β-cell function, and obesity.  

Obesity in relation to clinical, endocrine and metabolic parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: the South Asian perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-870
Author(s):  
Shakeela Ishrat ◽  
Marufa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
The South ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Infertile Women

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-10% of reproductive age women and it is a common cause of infertility in young women. Most of the infertile women with PCOS are overweight or obese. Obesity or excess fat aggravates the endocrine and metabolic dysfunction in women with PCOS. Weight management is the first line measure advised to infertile PCOS women who are overweight or obese. The objective of the study was to explore the association of obesity with the clinical, endocrine and metabolic parameters in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Bangladesh. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study of 126 consecutive infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome attending the Infertility unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2017 to December 2017.Obesity groups were defined by BMI thresholds specific for the South Asian population. Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.58±3.18 kg/m2and mean waist circumference was 91.07±9.5 cm. There was highly significant association of obesity with waist circumference and fasting insulin. BMI at or above 25kg/m2 was significantly associated with acanthosis nigricans, hyperandrogenemia and hyperinsulinemia, whereas BMI at or more than 23kg/m2 was significantly associated, in addition, with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with hyperandrogenemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.864-870

scholarly journals Serum adropin levels in psoriasis vulgaris and its relation with metabolic parameters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
SELMA KORKMAZ ◽  
GÜLBEN SAYILAN ÖZGÜN
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group

Background/aim: Adropin is a peptide-structure hormone that plays a role in preventing the development of insulin resistance, which has been linked to obesity and metabolic regulation. The purpose of this study is to assess serum adropin levels and their relationship with metabolic parameters in psoriasis vulgaris patients both with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Fifty-three patients and twenty-six healthy controls were included in this study. Serum adropin levels, fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of all participants were analyzed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum adropin levels. Results: Serum adropin levels in psoriatic patients without MetS were 2.94±0.56 ng/ml, in psoriasis patients with MetS were 2.49±0.77 ng/ml and were 3.37±0.71 ng/ml in control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate adropin decreases in psoriasis patients as an independent predictor in terms of the presence of MetS. Conclusion: The serum levels of adropin in psoriasis patients were significantly lower in the presence of MetS, and this decrease was more prominent than in those without MetS. Adropin may be a responsible factor for metabolic disorders and the development of MetS in psoriasis patients. Key words: Psoriasis, metabolic syndrome, adropin

Triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a predictor similar to the triglyceride–glucose index for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome using International Diabetes Federation criteria of insulin resistance in obese adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-784
Author(s):  
Nazlı Nur Aslan Çin ◽  
Hülya Yardımcı ◽  
Nevra Koç ◽  
Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk ◽  
Mehtap Akçil Ok
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Tyg Index

AbstractObjectivesMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a fatal endocrinopathy that begins with insulin resistance (IR) and causes abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, or systemic disorders. This study was aimed to determine the cut-off values for the triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, the TG glucose (TyG) index and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) for the diagnosis of MS in obese adolescents, and to compare which of the three indexes would offer a more accurate approach to diagnosis.MethodsThe study population comprised 1,171 obese adolescents (639 females and 532 males aged 10–16 years, Body Mass Index (BMI)>=95th percentile). Indirect measures of IR screening for MS were the TG/HDL ratio, TyG index, and HOMA-IR. The cut-off values of the TG/HDL ratio, TyG index, and HOMA-IR were obtained from receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsHOMA-IR had a significant positive correlation with the TyG index (r=0.352, p<0.001) and TG/HDL-C (r=0.291, p<.001). The TyG index and TG/HDL-C showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.901, p<0.001). The TG/HDL-C ratio showed a larger ROC Area under Curve (AUC=0.849) than HOMA-IR index (AUC=0.689), but as a predictor similar to TyG index (AUC=0.833) when screening for MS. The cut-off values for MS were as follows: TG/HDL-C ratio>2.16 (sensitivity: 88.8%; specificity: 49.7%), TyG index>8.50 (sensitivity: 85.6%; specificity: 57.0%) and HOMA-IR>2.52 (sensitivity: 83.2%; specificity: 40.4%).ConclusionsBoth the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio are better markers than HOMA-IR to determine the risk of metabolic syndrome according to IDF criteria. Besides, the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio have similar differentiating powers to determine this risk in obese Turkish adolescents.

scholarly journals Association of 25(OH)D and PTH with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Traditional and Nontraditional Components

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheena Kayaniyil ◽  
Reinhold Vieth ◽  
Stewart B. Harris ◽  
Ravi Retnakaran ◽  
Julia A. Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Multivariate Adjustment ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Context: Emerging evidence suggests that 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH may play a role in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent, and few studies have examined associations with nontraditional MetS components. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the association of vitamin D and PTH with MetS and its traditional and nontraditional components in a large multiethnic sample. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cross-sectional study, we examined 654 participants from London and Toronto, Ontario, Canada, aged 30 yr and older with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Main Outcome Measures: Presence of MetS and its traditional and nontraditional components was measured. Results: Approximately 43% of the study participants were classified as having MetS. Higher 25(OH)D was significantly associated with a reduced presence of MetS after adjustment for age, sex, season, ethnicity, supplement use, physical activity, and PTH (odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.62–0.93). PTH was not associated with the presence of MetS after multivariate adjustment. Multivariate linear regression analyses indicated significant adjusted inverse associations of 25(OH)D with waist circumference, triglyceride level, fasting insulin, and alanine transaminase (P &lt; 0.041). Elevated PTH was positively associated with waist circumference and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P &lt; 0.04). Other associations between PTH and MetS components were attenuated after adjustment for adiposity. Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D, but not PTH, was significantly associated with MetS as well as a number of MetS components after multivariate adjustment. These results suggest that low 25(OH)D may play a role in the etiology of the MetS.

scholarly journals Adding Diet and Exercise Counseling to the Health Promotion Plan Alleviates Anthropometric and Metabolic Complications in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. NMI.S9683 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Morita-Suzuki ◽  
Y. Fujioka ◽  
H. Mitsuoka ◽  
M. Tashiro ◽  
M. Harada
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Exercise Load ◽  
Exercise Counseling ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Diet Counseling

We investigated the effects of individual (IC) and group (GC) diet and exercise counseling in men with metabolic syndrome. Participants received exercise instruction and exercise load was monitored. IC participants received individual diet counseling sessions and general consultations at baseline and monthly. GC participants received a group diet counseling session at baseline and general consultations at baseline and monthly. In the IC group, body mass index (BMI) percent body fat, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, and liver function levels were reduced significantly after 3 months, whereas in the GC group, waist circumference and levels of liver function were reduced. Exercise load was negatively correlated with change in BMI and waist circumference in the IC group, and positively correlated with changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in all subjects and in the GC group. Diet and exercise counseling, especially IC, may benefit patients with metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals NO-1886 suppresses diet-induced insulin resistance and cholesterol accumulation through STAT5-dependent upregulation of IGF1 and CYP7A1

2009 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinkai Li ◽  
Weidong Yin ◽  
Manbo Cai ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Hongjie Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Accumulation ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cell

Insulin resistance and dyslipidemia are both considered to be risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Low levels of IGF1 are associated with insulin resistance. Elevation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concomitant with depression of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Liver secretes IGF1 and catabolizes cholesterol regulated by the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis from cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1). NO-1886, a chemically synthesized lipoprotein lipase activator, suppresses diet-induced insulin resistance with the improvement of HDL-C. The goal of the present study is to evaluate whether NO-1886 upregulates IGF1 and CYP7A1 to benefit glucose and cholesterol metabolism. By using human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2 cells) as an in vitro model, we found that NO-1886 promoted IGF1 secretion and CYP7A1 expression through the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). Pretreatment of cells with AG 490, the inhibitor of STAT pathway, completely abolished NO-1886-induced IGF1 secretion and CYP7A1 expression. Studies performed in Chinese Bama minipigs pointed out an augmentation of plasma IGF1 elicited by a single dose administration of NO-1886. Long-term supplementation with NO-1886 recovered hyperinsulinemia and low plasma levels of IGF1 suppressed LDL-C and facilitated reverse cholesterol transport by decreasing hepatic cholesterol accumulation through increasing CYP7A1 expression in high-fat/high-sucrose/high-cholesterol diet minipigs. These findings indicate that NO-1886 upregulates IGF1 secretion and CYP7A1 expression to improve insulin resistance and hepatic cholesterol accumulation, which may represent an alternative therapeutic avenue of NO-1886 for T2DM and metabolic syndrome.

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