scholarly journals Is Abdominal Fat Distribution Associated with Chronotype in Adults Independently of Lifestyle Factors?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona De Amicis ◽  
Letizia Galasso ◽  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Laila Vignati ◽  
Giulia De Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Morning Type ◽  
Circadian Typology

Both abdominal obesity and its visceral component are independently associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Among the non-modifiable and modifiable determinants, lifestyle plays a central role, while chronotype is an emerging factor. Evening type (E-Type), more active and efficient in the last part of the day, has been associated with a health-impairing style, resulting in a higher risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases than morning type (M-Type). However, no study has examined the contribution of chronotype to abdominal fat distribution, even considering adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). We conducted a cross-sectional study on 416 adults (69.5% females, 50 ± 13 years). Waist circumference (WC), visceral fat (VAT) using ultrasonography, chronotype through the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), and adherence to MD were studied. Our results showed no differences in WC and VAT between chronotypes. However, adherence to MD resulted significantly lower in the E-Types compared to M-Types. WC decreased with increasing Mediterranean score and rMEQ score, and VAT decreased with increasing rMEQ score, indicating that E-Types have +2 cm of WC and +0.5 cm of VAT compared to M-Types. In conclusion, these results showed that chronotype is independently associated with abdominal obesity and visceral fat, underlining the potential implications of the individual circadian typology on abdominal obesity.

Dietary habits and physical activity: Which influence on abdominal fat deposition in children and adolescents?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Rachele De Giuseppe ◽  
Valeria Calcaterra ◽  
Ginevra Biino ◽  
Noelia Rodriguez ◽  
Anna Gerbaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

BACKGROUND: Prevention of childhood obesity is recommended throughout interventions aiming at enhancing healthy dietary habits (DH) and increasing physical activity (PA). OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating DH and PA, in a sample of Italian children/adolescents. METHODS: We evaluated DH and PA by means of a previously validated questionnaire in 178 children/adolescents (88F/90M, 11.8±2.6 years): 49 normal weight (NW), 76 overweight (OW) and 53 with obesity (OB). Abdominal obesity was defined as Waist to Height Ratio (WHeR) >0.5. RESULTS: DH did not differ in NW subjects compared to OW and OB but higher PA score (p = 0.001) was observed in NW than OW and OB. No association was found between DH and WHeR, unlike PA. Four clusters of subjects were identified that could be defined by DH and PA; only one cluster, defined by PA, showed a significantly lower WHeR within subjects playing sports at least 3–4 hours/week. Moreover, subjects belonging to this cluster did not skip the main meals, eat a varied diet and drank milk at breakfast. CONCLUSIONS: In our sample PA performed at least 3–4 hours/week is inversely associated with abdominal fat deposition and is expected to positively impact health, protecting from abdominal obesity.

scholarly journals Association of neck circumference with prehypertension and obesity in young paramedical students

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Shanmugarajah Mangani Mangalavalli ◽  
Senthamil Selvi Kaliyaperumal ◽  
Velusami Deepika ◽  
Shivayogappa S. Teli ◽  
Krishnamurthy Soundariya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Individual

Introduction and Aim: Prehypertension and obesity are the important cardio metabolic risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome. Neck circumference (NC) is an effective marker and screening tool for obesity. It gives a quick assessment of the upper body fat distribution. Early detection of obesity and prehypertension can increase the longevity of the individual. Hence, we aimed at evaluating the association of NC with prehypertension and obesity in young adults.   Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study where 150 Paramedical students were screened for prehypertension and fifty students were identified as pre-hypertensives (n=50). Routine anthropometric measurements were taken. NC was measured. The correlation of NC with body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was calculated. The prevalence and percentage distribution of obesity using NC in prehypertensive was calculated. The association of NC with obesity and prehypertension was demonstrated.   Results: The prevalence of obesity in prehypertensive students was 58%. The distribution of obesity using NC was 61% in males and 55% in females. Further, the association of NC with BMI (r=0.53,p=<0.0001), SBP(r=0.52,p=<0.0001) and DBP (r=0.44, p=<0.0001) was calculated using Pearson’s correlation and was statistically significant.   Conclusion: There was an increased prevalence of obesity among pre-hypertensives with a male predisposition. The study also establishes a statistically significant and strong correlation of NC with BMI, SBP and DBP. NC can be used as an effective screening tool to assess obesity and prehypertension.  

scholarly journals Dietary patterns associated with anthropometric indicators of abdominal fat in adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Amélia Freitas Vilela ◽  
Rosely Sichieri ◽  
Rosângela Alves Pereira ◽  
Diana Barbosa Cunha ◽  
Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Regional ◽  
Traditional Pattern

This study aimed to identify dietary patterns and assess their association with abdominal fat. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Central West Region of Brazil with a probabilistic sample of 208 adults of both sexes. Data on food intake was obtained using a food frequency questionnaire and factor analysis (principal components) was conducted to identify dietary patterns. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were used to assess abdominal fat. The association between dietary patterns and body fat distribution was examined using multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for confounders. Three dietary patterns were identified: Western, regional traditional, and prudent. A positive association was found between the Western pattern and WC (p = 0.04) and WHR (p = 0.001) and between the regional traditional pattern and WHR (p = 0.05) among women. A slight association was also found between the latter pattern and WC (p = 0.07) also among women. An association was found between the Western and regional traditional dietary patterns and a larger concentration of abdominal fat among women.

scholarly journals The interactions between dietary fats intake and Caveolin 1 rs 3807992 polymorphism with fat distribution in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasaman Aali ◽  
Farideh Shiraseb ◽  
Faezeh Abaj ◽  
Fariba koohdani ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Level

Abstract Background It has been reported that dietary fats and genetic factors in individuals are associated with the pattern of fat distribution. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between dietary fats intake and Caveolin1 (CAV-1) rs 3807s992 polymorphism with fat distribution in overweight and obese women. Methods A total of 221 participants were included in the current cross-sectional study. Body composition, biochemical parameters were evaluated by body composition analyzer and Pars Azmoon kits and genotypes determination was performed by PCR–RFLP, dietary fats were measured using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FAQ). Results The frequency of GG, AA and AG genotypes were 53.1, 24.6, and 22.3%, respectively, and the mean intake of total dietary fat intake was 97.47 ± 36.87 g. There was positive significant interaction between total fat intake and AA genotype on visceral fat level (p = 0.001), trunk fat (p = 0.01) and waist circumference (p = 0.05), positive significant interaction between total fat intake and AG genotype on the waist to hip ratio (WHR) (p = 0.02) and visceral fat level (p = 0.05), positive borderline significant interaction between saturated fatty acid and AA genotype on the trunk fat (p = 0.06), and between trans-fatty acids and AG genotype on WHR (p = 0.04), visceral fat level (p = 0.01), and between monounsaturated fatty acid and AG genotype on WHR (p = 0.04), and a borderline interaction between polyunsaturated fatty acid and AA genotypes on visceral fat level (p = 0.06), negative significant interaction between AG genotypes and linolenic acid on WHR (p = 0.04), borderline significant interaction between ALA and AG genotype on WHR (p = 0.06). Conclusions Our findings showed that CAV-1 rs 3807992 polymorphism and dietary fats were associated with fat distributions in individuals.

scholarly journals Sex- and Age-Related Differences in the Contribution of Ultrasound-Measured Visceral and Subcutaneous Abdominal Fat to Fatty Liver Index in Overweight and Obese Caucasian Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Alberto Battezzati ◽  
Giorgio Bedogni ◽  
Laila Vignati ◽  
Angelo Vanzulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liver Index ◽  
Fatty Liver Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue Depots ◽  
Age Related

Differences in body fat distribution may be a reason for the sex-, age-, and ethnicity-related differences in the prevalence of fatty liver disease (FL). This study aimed to evaluate the sex- and age-related differences in the contribution of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) abdominal fat, measured by ultrasound, to fatty liver index (FLI) in a large sample of overweight and obese Caucasian adults, and to identify the VAT and SAT cut-off values predictive of high FL risk. A cross-sectional study on 8103 subjects was conducted. Anthropometrical measurements were taken and biochemical parameters measured. VAT and SAT were measured by ultrasonography. FLI was higher in men and increased with increasing age, VAT, and SAT. The sex*VAT, age*VAT, sex*SAT, and age*SAT interactions negatively contributed to FLI, indicating a lower VAT and SAT contribution to FLI in men and in the elderly for every 1 cm of increment. Because of this, sex- and age-specific cut-off values for VAT and SAT were estimated. In conclusion, abdominal adipose tissue depots are associated with FLI, but their contribution is sex- and age-dependent. Sex- and age-specific cut-off values of ultrasound-measured VAT and SAT are suggested, but they need to be validated in external populations.

scholarly journals The effect of age on the association between daily gait speed and abdominal obesity in Japanese adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keita Kinoshita ◽  
Naoki Ozato ◽  
Tohru Yamaguchi ◽  
Motoki Sudo ◽  
Yukari Yamashiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Effect Of Age

AbstractThe aim of this work was to investigate the effect of age on the association between daily gait speed (DGS) and abdominal obesity defined by visceral fat area (VFA). A cross-sectional study was performed using data from an annual community-based health check-up. A total of 699 participants aged 20–88 years were enrolled in this analysis. DGS was assessed using tri-axial accelerometers worn for ≥ 7 days with at least 10 measuring hours each day. VFA was measured using a visceral fat meter. Since DGS differed significantly with age, the participants were divided into two groups: younger adults (YA), aged 20–49 years, and older adults (OA), aged 50–88 years. The association between DGS and VFA differed significantly with age (r = 0.099 for YA and r =  − 0.080 for OA; test for difference between correlation coefficients, P = 0.023). In OA, the adjusted odds ratio of abdominal obesity (VFA ≥ 100 cm2) was 0.40 (95% confidence interval 0.18, 0.88, P = 0.022) for the highest DGS quartile (DGS ≥ 1.37 m/s) compared to that for the lowest quartile (DGS < 1.11 m/s), whereas no significant association was found in YA. These data could aid in raising awareness of the self-management of obesity via DGS monitoring, especially in OA.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk assessment according to the Framingham score and abdominal obesity in individuals seen by a clinical school of nutrition

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alane Cabral Menezes de Oliveira ◽  
Raphaela Costa Ferreira ◽  
Arianne Albuquerque Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Framingham Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The City

Summary Objective: To analyze the relation of abdominal obesity on cardiovascular risk in individuals seen by a clinic school of nutrition, classifying them based on Framingham score. Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted at the nutrition clinic of a private college in the city of Maceió, Alagoas. We included randomly selected adults and elderly individuals with abdominal obesity, of both sexes, treated from August to December of 2009, with no history of cardiomyopathy or cardiovascular events. To determine the cardiovascular risk, the Framingham score was calculated. All analyzes were performed with SPSS software version 20.0, with p <0.05 as significative. Results: We studied 54 subjects, 83% female, the mean age was 48 years old, ranging from 31 to 73 years. No correlation was observed between measurements of waist circumference and cardiovascular risk in the subjects studied (r=0.065, p=0.048), and there was no relationship between these parameters. Conclusion: Abdominal fat distribution was weakly related to cardiovascular risk in patients seen by a clinical school of nutrition.

Health Status of Senior Citizens: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Beniwal ◽  
Chandrakala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Poor Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Average Health

Aging is a series of processes that begin with life and continue throughout the lifecycle. It represents the closing period in the lifespan, a time when the individual looks back on life, lives on past accomplishments and begins to finish off his life course. It represents the accumulation of changes in person over time. The study aims to investigate the health status of senior citizens. The present study was carried out in Hisar and Sirsa district of Haryana state. A total of 400 elderly equally representing both males and females of age group 65-70 years were selected randomly for the study. Modified inventory developed by Khan and Lal (2011) was used to assess health status of senior citizens. The results of the study elucidated that health status of senior citizens depicted that 54.25 per cent of the total respondents had average health status followed by good (25.25%) and poor health status (20.50%). The most common health problems reported by the senior citizens were joint pains, back pains, blood pressure, and chest pain etc. Gender wise comparison of total sample further pointed out that females were poor in their health against males.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations of adipokines and abdominal fat distribution with aging in men

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The trends of complementary alternative medicine use among cancer patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Jazieh ◽  
Khadega A. Abuelgasim ◽  
Husam I. Ardah ◽  
Mohammad Alkaiyat ◽  
Omar B. Da’ar
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complementary Alternative Medicine ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is common among cancer patients and it may reflect the individual and societal beliefs on cancer therapy. Our study aimed to evaluate the trends of CAM use among patients with cancer between 2006 and 2018. Methods We included 2 Cohorts of patients with cancer who were recruited for Cohort 1 between 2006 and 2008 and for Cohort 2 between 2016 and 2018. The study is a cross-sectional study obtaining demographic and clinical information and inquiring about the types of CAM used, the reasons to use them and the perceived benefits. We compared the changes in the patterns of CAM use and other variables between the two cohorts. Results A total of 1416 patients were included in the study, with 464 patients in Cohort 1 and 952 patients in Cohort 2. Patients in Cohort 2 used less CAM (78.9%) than Cohort 1 (96.8%). Cohort 1 was more likely to use CAM to treat cancer compared to Cohort 2 (84.4% vs. 73%, respectively, p < 0.0001,); while Cohort 2 used CAM for symptom management such as pain control and improving appetite among others. Disclosure of CAM use did not change significantly over time and remains low (31.6% in Cohort 1 and 35.7% for Cohort 2). However, physicians were more likely to express an opposing opinion against CAM use in Cohort 2 compared to Cohort 1 (48.7% vs. 19.1%, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion There is a significant change in CAM use among cancer patients over the decade, which reflects major societal and cultural changes in this population. Further studies and interventions are needed to improve the disclosure to physicians and to improve other aspects of care to these patients.

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