scholarly journals Potential of Curcumin in Skin Disorders

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vollono Laura ◽  
Falconi Mattia ◽  
Gaziano Roberta ◽  
Iacovelli Federico ◽  
Dika Emi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Infectious Skin Diseases

Curcumin is a compound isolated from turmeric, a plant known for its medicinal use. Recently, there is a growing interest in the medical community in identifying novel, low-cost, safe molecules that may be used in the treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that curcumin may represent an effective agent in the treatment of several skin conditions. We examined the most relevant in vitro and in vivo studies published to date regarding the use of curcumin in inflammatory, neoplastic, and infectious skin diseases, providing information on its bioavailability and safety profile. Moreover, we performed a computational analysis about curcumin’s interaction towards the major enzymatic targets identified in the literature. Our results suggest that curcumin may represent a low-cost, well-tolerated, effective agent in the treatment of skin diseases. However, bypass of limitations of its in vivo use (low oral bioavailability, metabolism) is essential in order to conduct larger clinical trials that could confirm these observations. The possible use of curcumin in combination with traditional drugs and the formulations of novel delivery systems represent a very promising field for future applicative research.

scholarly journals Power spectral density-based nearinfrared sub-band detection for noninvasive blood glucose prediction in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 1850035
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Akkaya ◽  
Erman Selim ◽  
Mert Altintas ◽  
Mehmet Engin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Power Spectral

Diabetes is a widespread and serious disease and noninvasive measurement has been in high demand. To address this problem, a power spectral density-based method was offered for determining glucose sensitive sub-bands in the nearinfrared (NIR) spectrum. The experiments were conducted using phantoms of different optical properties in-vitro conditions. The optical bands 1200–1300[Formula: see text]nm and 2100–2200[Formula: see text]nm were found feasible for measuring blood glucose. After that, a photoplethysmography (PPG)-based low cost and portable optical system was designed. It has six different NIR wavelength LEDs for illumination and an InGaAs photodiode for detection. Optical density values were calculated through the system and used as independent variables for multiple linear regression analysis. The results of blood glucose levels for 24 known healthy subjects showed that the optical system prediction was nearly 80% in the A zone and 20% in the B zone according to the Clarke Error Grid analysis. It was shown that a promising easy-use, continuous, and compact optical system had been designed.

scholarly journals Novel Video-Laryngoscope with Wireless Image Transmission via Wi-Fi towards a Smartphone

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629
Author(s):  
Mauricio Guerra-Hernández ◽  
Gabriela Josefina Vidaña-Martínez ◽  
José S. Camacho-Juárez ◽  
Hugo Barragán-Villegas ◽  
José Enrique Calacuayo-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
Video Laryngoscope ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
In Vivo Tests

A low-cost video laryngoscope (VDL) called Hybrid 1.0 was developed using smart devices for visualization. To test its performance, we compared it with a high-end VDL device, using both in vitro and in vivo studies. During the in vitro study, medical students without experience in airway intubation were randomly asked to intubate a mannequin with different degrees of difficulty (Cormack–Lehane scales) by using either the Hybrid 1.0 VDL (GI) or a conventional laryngoscope (GII). During the in vivo study, N = 60 endotracheal intubations were performed by resident and base physicians, divided into two groups; the first group intubated with the Hybrid 1.0 VDL (GI) while the second group used a VDL C-Mac shovel (GII). As performance indexes, both studies reported the number of successful intubations (correct capnography signal) and intubation time. For the in vitro testing, no statistically significant differences were found regarding the number of successful intubations, while statistically significant differences were found regarding the intubation times. During the in vivo tests, procedures were performed by residents and by base physicians, and no statistically significant differences were found. The provided results point out that the VDL proposed can be clinically useful and offers technical characteristics similar to other VDLs that currently exist on the market.

scholarly journals Bletilla striataMicron Particles Function as a Hemostatic Agent by Promoting Rapid Blood Aggregation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Rui Zeng ◽  
Zhencheng Liao ◽  
Chaomei Fu ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Hemostatic Agent ◽  
Severe Bleeding ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bletilla Striata ◽  
Visible Particle ◽  
Injury Model

The human body cannot control blood loss without treatment. Available hemostatic agents are ineffective at treating cases of severe bleeding and are expensive or raise safety concerns.Bletilla striataserve as an inexpensive, natural, and promising alternative. However, no detailed studies on its hemostatic approach have been performed. The aim of this study was to examine the hemostatic effects ofB. striataMicron Particles (BSMPs) and their hemostatic mechanisms. We prepared and characterized BSMPs of different size ranges and investigated their use as hemostatic agent. BSMPs of different size ranges were characterized by scanning electron microscope. In vitro coagulation studies revealed BSMP-blood aggregate formation via stereoscope and texture analyzers. In vivo studies based on rat injury model illustrated the BSMP capabilities under conditions of hemostasis. Compared to other BSMPs of different size ranges, BSMPs of 350–250 μm are most efficient in hemostasis. As powder sizes decrease, the degree of aggregation between particles and hemostatic BSMP effects declines. The BSMP in contact with a bleeding surface locally forms a visible particle/blood aggregate as a physical barrier that facilitates hemostasis. Considering the facile preparation, low cost, and long shelf life ofB. striata, BSMPs offer great potential as mechanisms of trauma treatment.

scholarly journals The Coming Age of Flavonoids in the Treatment of Diabetic Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Caro-Ordieres ◽  
Gema Marín-Royo ◽  
Lucas Opazo-Ríos ◽  
Luna Jiménez-Castilla ◽  
Juan Antonio Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies

Diabetes mellitus (DM), and its micro and macrovascular complications, is one of the biggest challenges for world public health. Despite overall improvement in prevention, diagnosis and treatment, its incidence is expected to continue increasing over the next years. Nowadays, finding therapies to prevent or retard the progression of diabetic complications remains an unmet need due to the complexity of mechanisms involved, which include inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis, among others. Flavonoids are natural antioxidant compounds that have been shown to possess anti-diabetic properties. Moreover, increasing scientific evidence has demonstrated their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Consequently, the use of these compounds as anti-diabetic drugs has generated growing interest, as is reflected in the numerous in vitro and in vivo studies related to this field. Therefore, the aim of this review is to assess the recent pre-clinical and clinical research about the potential effect of flavonoids in the amelioration of diabetic complications. In brief, we provide updated information concerning the discrepancy between the numerous experimental studies supporting the efficacy of flavonoids on diabetic complications and the lack of appropriate and well-designed clinical trials. Due to the well-described beneficial effects on different mechanisms involved in diabetic complications, the excellent tolerability and low cost, future randomized controlled studies with compounds that have adequate bioavailability should be evaluated as add-on therapy on well-established anti-diabetic drugs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Pine Tar on Periodontal Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Ali Alqahtani ◽  
Mohamed Fadul. A. Elagib ◽  
Rawan Hamad Al-Yami ◽  
Alanoud Saeed Abu Hatlah ◽  
Amel I. Faragalla
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Diffusion Analysis ◽  
Tar Oil

BACKGROUND: Periodontal pathogens play an important role in etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis. Microbiological examination of sub gingival plaque is used at the present time in etiological research as well as in clinical treatment of periodontitis to select the appropriate antibiotic agent if indicated. Pine tar has been used for the treatment of various skin diseases. So the study was done to evaluate the effect of Pine Tar oil on bacteria isolated from periodontitis patients.METHODS: Plaque samples from volunteer patients were collected using sterile paper points. Robertson's Cooked Meat (RCM) medium was used for the transportation and cultivation of aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic microorganisms.RESULTS: The result suggests the use of Pine tar oil for topical application in periodontal diseases. Disc diffusion analysis was sufficient enough to illustrate that 75 μl tar oil solution produced growth inhibition of microbial strains.CONCLUSION: Pine tar oil has become one of the important areas of research both in pharmaceutical and periodontal research, hence in vivo studies has to be carried out with various form of pine tar. 

scholarly journals Enhancement of Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activities of Standardized Frankincense Extract Using Optimized Self-Nanoemulsifying Delivery System

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Shereen S. El-Mancy ◽  
Alaadin E. El-Haddad ◽  
Walaa A. Alshareef ◽  
Amr M. Saadeldeen ◽  
Soad Z. El-Emam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Natural Resin ◽  
Antiproliferative Activities

Boswellic acids (BAs) are the main bioactive compounds of frankincense, a natural resin obtained from the genus Boswellia. This study aimed to develop a self-nanoemulsifying delivery system (SNEDS) to improve the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of standardized frankincense extract (Fr-extract). Fr-extract was standardized, and BA content was quantified using the developed HPLC-UV method. Screening studies of excipients followed by formula optimization using a mixture simplex lattice design was employed. The optimized Fr-SENDS formulation was characterized. Furthermore, microbiological and antiproliferative assessments of the standardized Fr-extract and Fr-SNEDS were evaluated. Quantification demonstrated that the major constituent is 11-keto-boswellic acid (KBA) (16.25%) among BA content (44.96%). The optimized Fr-SENDS (composed of 5% CapryolTM 90, 48.7% Gelucire® 44/14 and 46.3% ethanol) showed spherical nanosized dispersions with DS, PDI, and zeta potential of 17.9 nm, 0.2, and −14.5 mV, respectively. Fr-SNEDS exhibited lower MIC and MBC values compared with Fr-extract against pathogens conjugated with lung cancer and was comparable to reference antimicrobials. Fr-SNEDS showed superior antiproliferative activity over Fr-extract, with IC50 values of 20.49 and 109.5 μg mL−1, respectively. In conclusion, the optimized Fr-SNEDS could be easily developed and manufactured at a low cost and the in vitro results support its use as a potential adjuvant oral therapy for lung cancer. Further in vivo studies could be continued to assess the therapeutic efficiency of the prepared system.

Lukrecja – czy tylko słodka? Związki chemiczne, aktywność biologiczna

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Antoniak ◽  
Marlena Dudek-Makuch ◽  
Wiesława Bylka
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Ancient Times

Licorice has been used in medicine from ancient times. Licorice preparations are applied in infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, peptic and duodenal ulcers, as well as in skin diseases and cosmetology. Sweet taste of root has appointed licorice role of corrigens. Licorice root contains active compounds with different activities: saponins, flavonoids, coumarins and essential oil. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that extracts of licorice and its active compounds have different properties, such as expectorant, antitussive, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective.

Advances in the prevention and management of central-line–associated bloodstream infections: The role of chelator-based catheter locks

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1036-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Chaftari ◽  
George M. Viola ◽  
Joel Rosenblatt ◽  
Ray Hachem ◽  
Issam Raad
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Central Line ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Central Lines ◽  
Antiplatelet Aggregation ◽  
Catheter Lock

AbstractThe proper functioning of central lines is imperative for the management of patients with cancer or on hemodialysis. However, these lifelines can become infected and can malfunction.Chelators such as citrate and EDTA have been widely studied alone or in combination with other antimicrobial agents in catheter lock solutions to prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections and to maintain catheter patency. Given their anticoagulation, antiplatelet aggregation, antibiofilm, antimicrobial activity, safety profile, as well as their low cost, chelators have long been considered alternatives to heparin and a vital component of catheter lock solutions. In this review, we present a detailed summary of the properties of chelators and in vitro and in vivo studies of chelator-containing lock solutions.

scholarly journals The Role of Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Dermatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
María I. Quiñones-Vico ◽  
Raquel Sanabria-de la Torre ◽  
Manuel Sánchez-Díaz ◽  
Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez ◽  
Trinidad Montero-Vílchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Important Barrier ◽  
Skin Conditions

The skin is the largest organ of the human body and its main functions include providing protection from external harmful agents, regulating body temperature, and homeostatic maintenance. Skin injuries can damage this important barrier and its functions so research focuses on approaches to accelerate wound healing and treat inflammatory skin diseases. Due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to play a significant role in skin repair and regeneration. However, it seems that the secretome of these cells and exosomes in particular may be responsible for their functions in skin regeneration and the immunomodulation field. The present review aims to gather the available information about the role of MSC-derived exosomes for both in vitro and in vivo models of different skin conditions and to highlight the need for further research in order to overcome any limitations for clinical translation.

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