scholarly journals Maternal Creatine Supplementation Positively Affects Male Rat Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Offspring

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Sartini ◽  
Davide Lattanzi ◽  
Michael Di Palma ◽  
David Savelli ◽  
Silvia Eusebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Positive Effects

Creatine plays a crucial role in developing the brain, so much that its genetic deficiency results in mental dysfunction and cognitive impairments. Moreover, creatine supplementation is currently under investigation as a preventive measure to protect the fetus against oxidative stress during difficult pregnancies. Although creatine use is considered safe, posing minimal risk to clinical health, we found an alteration in morpho-functional maturation of neurons when male rats were exposed to creatine loads during brain development. In particular, increased excitability and enhanced long-term potentiation (LTP) were observed in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons of weaning pups. Since these effects were observed a long time after creatine treatment had been terminated, long-lasting modifications persisting into adulthood were hypothesized. Such modifications were investigated in the present study using morphological, electrophysiological, and calcium imaging techniques applied to hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) neurons of adult rats born from dams supplemented with creatine. When compared to age-matched controls, the treated adult offspring were found to retain enhanced neuron excitability and an improved LTP, the best-documented neuronal substrate for memory formation. While translating data from rats to humans does have limitations, our findings suggest that prenatal creatine supplementation could have positive effects on adult cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Age features of metabolic syndrome effects on fetal embryonic development of the male rat offsprings

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
O. Tkachenko ◽  
V. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Juvenile Age ◽  
Age Features

Comparative study of embryo-fetal death in females fertilized by males with metabolic syndrome, induced in adult or juvenile age has shown that the offspring of adult rats did not have significant abnormalities in embrio- and fetogenesis. At the same time it has been revealed 4% postimplantation death of offspring in male rats with metabolic syndrome induced in the juvenile age. The pre-implantation loss in this group was 6 folds higher than in control. Accordingly, the total mortality of the offspring rose 2.4 times in comparison with control.

Nicotine-induced impairments of spatial cognition and long-term potentiation in adolescent male rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Han ◽  
L An ◽  
B Yang ◽  
L Si ◽  
T Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Term Potentiation

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cognitive behavioral impairment, induced by nicotine in offspring rats, was associated with the alteration of hippocampal short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP) and to discuss the potential underlying mechanism. Young adult offspring rats were randomly divided into three groups. The groups include: control group (CC), nicotine group 1 (NC), in which their mothers received nicotine from gestational day 3 (GD3) to GD18, and nicotine group 2 (CN), in which young adult offspring rats received nicotine from postnatal day 42 (PD42) to PD56. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed and then field excitatory postsynaptic potentials elicited by the stimulation of perforant pathway were recorded in the hippocampal dentate gyrus region. The results of the MWM test showed that learning and memory were impaired by either prenatal or postnatal nicotine exposure. In addition, it was found that there was no statistical difference of the MWM data between both nicotine treatments. In the electrophysiological test, LTP and STP were significantly inhibited in both NC and CN groups in comparison with the CC group. Notably, STP in CN group was also lower than that in the NC group. These findings suggested that both prenatal and postnatal exposure to nicotine induced learning and memory deficits, while the potential mechanism might be different from each other due to their dissimilar impairments of synaptic plasticity.

scholarly journals Effects of the Aqueous Extract ofEremomastax speciosa(Acanthaceae) on Sexual Behavior in Normal Male Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Nchegang ◽  
C. Mezui ◽  
F. Longo ◽  
Z. E. Nkwengoua ◽  
A. P. Amang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Posttreatment Period ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Behavior Of Rats

Objective. We studied prosexual effects ofEremomastax speciosaaqueous extract in male adult rats.Materials and Methods. 100 and 500 mg/kg of extract were administered orally (days 0, 1, 4, 7, 14, and 28 (posttreatment)). The sexual behavior of rats receiving a single dose (500 mg/kg) was also evaluated after pretreatment with Lω-NAME (10 mg/kg), haloperidol (1 mg/kg), or atropine (5 mg/kg). Controls received distilled water or testosterone enanthate (20 mg/kg/day/3 days(s.c.)before the test).Results. The extract (days 1–14) had no significant effect on mount, intromission, and ejaculation frequencies but on day 28 (14 days after treatment), it increased frequency of mounts and intromissions at 500 mg/kg. Mount, intromission, and ejaculation latencies reduced and postejaculatory intervals decreased but the effect did not persist 2 weeks after treatment. Extract prosex effects were greatly reduced by atropine and completely abolished by haloperidol, while Lω-NAME increased mount latency and potentiated extract effect on intromission and ejaculation latencies.Conclusion. In summary,E. speciosaextract can have positive effects on male sexual motivation and performance when administered for two weeks at the dose of 500 mg/kg. The effects (dopaminergic and/or cholinergic dependent) tend to appear during the posttreatment period.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal iron restriction during pregnancy on renal morphology in the adult rat offspring

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. M. Lisle ◽  
R. M. Lewis ◽  
C. J. Petry ◽  
S. E. Ozanne ◽  
C. N. Hales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Glomerular Number ◽  
Renal Morphology ◽  
Glomerular Size

In rats, maternal anaemia during pregnancy causes hypertension in the adult offspring, although the mechanism is unknown. The present study investigated the renal morphology of adult rats born to mothers who were Fe-deficient during pregnancy. Rats were fed either a control (153 mg Fe/kg diet, n 7) or low-Fe (3 mg/kg diet, n 6) diet from 1 week before mating and throughout gestation. At delivery, the Fe-restricted (IR) mothers were anaemic; the IR pups were also anaemic and growth-retarded at 2 d of age. At 3 and 16 months, systolic blood pressure in the IR offspring (163 (sem 4) and 151 (sem 4) mmHg respectively, n 13) was greater than in control animals (145 (sem 3) and 119 (sem 4) mmHg respectively, n 15, P<0·05). At post mortem at 18 months, there was no difference in kidney weight between treatment groups, although relative kidney weight as a fraction of body weight in the IR offspring was greater than in control animals (P<0·05). Glomerular number was lower in the IR offspring (11·4 (sem 1·1) per 4mm2, n 13) compared with control rats (14·8 (sem 0·7), n 15, P<0·05). Maternal treatment had no effect on glomerular size, but overall, female rats had smaller and more numerous glomeruli per unit area than male rats. When all animals were considered, inverse relationships were observed between glomerular number and glomerular size (r−0·73, n 28, P<0·05), and glomerular number and systolic blood pressure at both 3 months (r−0·42, n 28, P<0·05) and 16 months of age (r−0·64, n 28, P<0·05). Therefore, in rats, maternal Fe restriction causes hypertension in the adult offspring that may be due, in part, to a deficit in nephron number.

DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN THE DEGRADATION OF THYROTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONE BY THE SERUM AND BRAIN TISSUES OF THE MALE RAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. OLIVER ◽  
C. R. PARKER ◽  
J. C. PORTER
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

*Laboratoire de Médecine Expérimentale, UER Médecine Nord, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13326 Marseille Cedex 3, France and †Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwestern Medical School, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235, U.S.A. (Received 15 March 1977) Thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) is rapidly degraded when incubated at 37 °C with plasma (Redding & Schally, 1969) or brain homogenates (Bassiri & Utiger, 1974) from adult rats. However, immunoreactive TRH is stable in serum obtained from rats less than 2 weeks old (Oliver, Taurog & Porter, 1974). No loss of biological or immunological TRH activity occurs during incubation with serum from 4- or 16-day-old rats (Neary, Kieffer, Federico, Mover, Maloof & Soodak, 1976). In this report, we have determined the TRH degrading activity of brain homogenates and serum obtained from male rats at various stages of development after birth. Synthetic TRH (1 ng, Beckman Instruments, Inc.) diluted in 50 μl phosphate-buffered saline (0·01

Microheterogeneity of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone in male rats: differential effects of the chronic androgen deprivation induced by castration or androgen blockade

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Simoni ◽  
G. F. Weinbauer ◽  
R. K. Chandolia ◽  
E. Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Androgen Blockade

ABSTRACT Testicular androgens are known to influence not only the secretion but also the bioactivity and molecular composition of pituitary FSH. In the present study, we investigated the effects of chronic androgen blockade and castration on the molecular heterogeneity of the gonadotrophin. Groups of male adult rats (five animals per group) received one of the following treatments: vehicle, the non-steroidal anti-androgens casodex (20 mg/kg per day) or flutamide (20 mg/kg per day), or castration. After 8 weeks, the animals were killed and individual pituitary homogenates fractionated by isoelectric focusing (IEF) on sucrose density gradients in the pH range 2·5–8. FSH was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the individual fractions and by in-vitro bioassay (Sertoli cell aromatase bioassay) in pools of fractions which were combined according to pH intervals of 0·5 units. Bioactive and immunoreactive FSH were also measured in sera and unfractionated pituitary extracts. Testosterone and inhibin were assayed in sera by RIA. A significant increase in serum immunoreactive and bioactive FSH was demonstrated in flutamide-treated and castrated animals, whereas the pituitary content of bioactive FSH remained unchanged in the four groups. Serum testosterone and inhibin were undetectable in castrated animals and significantly increased in those treated with flutamide. By RIA, the IEF profiles of the flutamide-treated and castrated rats showed a significant reduction of the FSH isoforms with 3·5<pI<4, with a significant increase in the isoforms with pI>4 only in the castrated group. By bioassay, there was a significant decrease in the isoforms with 3·5<pI<4 in both casodex- and flutamide-treated animals, with no significant differences between the two groups. Castration caused a further significant shift in the relative distribution of FSH isoforms towards the less acidic components, with a significant increase in the isoforms with 5<pI<5·5 not attained by androgen blockade alone. These results suggest that the effects of long-lasting castration on pituitary FSH heterogeneity cannot be entirely reproduced by the androgen blockade. Since inhibin, eliminated by castration but not by androgen blockade, is a major regulator of FSH in the male rat, we speculate that it might not only influence FSH secretion but also modulate its qualitative properties.

REGULATION OF PROLACTIN BINDING SITES IN THE SEMINAL VESICLE, PROSTATE GLAND, TESTIS AND LIVER OF INTACT AND CASTRATED ADULT RATS: EFFECT OF ADMINISTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE, 2-BROMO-α-ERGOCRYPTINE AND FLUPHENAZINE

1979 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BARKEY ◽  
J. SHANI ◽  
D. BARZILAI
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

The effect of hormonal manipulations on prolactin binding to its specific binding sites in the seminal vesicle, prostate gland, testis and liver of adult male rats was studied. Castration significantly reduced prolactin binding to the seminal vesicle and prostate, whereas it greatly increased its binding to the liver. Testosterone replacement therapy restored the reduced level of binding to that found in the liver of intact rats, whereas binding to the seminal vesicle and the prostate was raised to the high levels found in the testosterone-treated intact rats. In contrast, testosterone administration to intact rats significantly reduced the binding of prolactin to the testicular homogenate. The administration of 2-bromo-α-ergocryptine (CB 154) to either intact or testosterone-treated castrated rats caused no significant change in binding of prolactin to any of the organs tested. Fluphenazine enanthate or CB 154 +ovine prolactin increased the binding of prolactin to the liver, when compared with untreated rats, whereas in the testis these treatments resulted in a minor decrease as compared with untreated rats. In the testosterone-treated castrated rats, fluphenazine caused no apparent effect on the binding of prolactin to any of the organs tested. In conclusion, testosterone is essential for the maintenance of prolactin binding sites in the seminal vesicle and prostate of the adult rat. Prolactin, however, does not appear to regulate its own receptor in the accessory sex glands, neither alone nor in synergism with testosterone. In the testis, exogenous testosterone exerted a negative effect on prolactin binding, as did raised serum prolactin levels. In the liver of the male rat, testosterone seemed to be the major cause of the low level of prolactin binding sites, while prolactin was capable of inducing its own sites in that organ.

Effects of aging on axon terminals in the dentate molecular layer

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 928-929
Author(s):  
K. Cullen-Dockstader ◽  
E. Fifkova
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Spatial Memory Deficit ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Normal aging results in a pronounced spatial memory deficit associated with a rapid decay of long-term potentiation at the synapses between the perforant path and spines in the medial and distal thirds of the dentate molecular layer (DML), suggesting the alteration of synaptic transmission in the dentate fascia. While the number of dentate granule cells remains unchanged, and there are no obvious pathological changes in these cells associated with increasing age, the density of their axospinous contacts has been shown to decrease. There are indications that the presynaptic element is affected by senescence before the postsynaptic element, yet little attention has been given to the fine structure of the remaining axon terminals. Therefore, we studied the axon terminals of the perforant path in the DML across three age groups.5 Male rats (Fischer 344) of each age group (3, 24 and 30 months), were perfused through the aorta.

INDUCTION OF GOITRE BY PTU OR KClO4 IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS. EFFECT OF GONADECTOMY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jolín ◽  
M. J. Tarin ◽  
M. D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Male and female rats of varying ages were placad on a low iodine diet (LID) plus KClO4 or 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) or on the same diet supplemented with I (control rats). Goitrogenesis was also induced with LID plus PTU in gonadectomized animals of both sexes. The weight of the control and goitrogen treated animals, and the weight and iodine content of their thyroids were determined, as well as the plasma PBI, TSH, insulin and glucose levels. The pituitary GH-like protein content was assessed by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. If goitrogenesis was induced in young rats of both sexes starting with rats of the same age, body weight (B.W.) and pituitary growth hormone (GH) content, it was found that both the males and females developed goitres of the same size. On the contrary, when goitrogenesis was induced in adult animals, it was found that male rats, that had larger B.W. and pituitary GH content than age-paired females, developed larger goitres. However, both male and female rats were in a hypothyroid condition of comparable degree as judged by the thyroidal iodine content and the plasma PBI and TSH levels. When all the data on the PTU or KClO4-treated male and female rats of varying age and B.W. were considered together, it was observed that the weights of the thyroids increased proportionally to B.W. However, a difference in the slope of the regression of the thyroid weight over B.W. was found between male and female rats, due to the fact that adult male rats develop larger goitres than female animals. In addition, in the male rats treated with PTU, gonadectomy decreased the B.W., pituitary content of GH-like protein and, concomitantly, the size of the goitre decreased; an opposite effect was induced by ovariectomy on the female animals. However, when goitrogenesis was induced in weight-paired adult rats of both sexes, the male animals still developed larger goitres than the females. Among all the parameters studied here, the only ones which appeared to bear a consistent relationship with the size of the goitres in rats of different sexes, treated with a given goitrogen, were the rate of body growth and the amount of a pituitary GH-like protein found before the onset of the goitrogen treatment. Moreover, though the pituitary content of the GH-like protein decreased as a consequence of goitrogen treatment, it was still somewhat higher in male that in female animals. The present results suggest that GH may somehow be involved in the mechanism by which male and female rats on goitrogens develop goitres of different sizes, despite equally high plasma TSH levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document