scholarly journals Decreased Conflict Control in Overweight Chinese Females: Behavioral and Event-Related Potentials Evidence

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Huan Quan ◽  
Shiqing Song ◽  
Xuemeng Zhang ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Word ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Response Strength ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Overweight or obesity is related to a decrease in cognitive control, especially conflict control. However, research on conflict control in overweight/obese individuals are still controversial. This study was conducted to explore general and food-related conflict control in overweight Chinese females (OWs) with a color–word Stroop task and a food-related conflict task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the food-related conflict task. Behavioral results showed that, OWs had a longer reaction time (RT) than normal-weight Chinese females (NWs), in both tasks. ERP results in the food-related conflict task showed that there was a reduction of N2 and N450 response strength in OWs, and the P3 and late positive component (LPC) response strength was enhanced. Results indicated that OWs might be less efficient in monitoring and resolving conflict, and OWs tended to have a higher motivational or emotional involvement in processing food-related stimuli, which was likely to contribute to their difficulty in losing weight.

Tactile perception of skin: research on late positive component of event-related potentials evoked by friction

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Xiangyong Lu ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Shirong Ge ◽  
Xianghong Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Tactile Perception ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Related Potentials

Phonologically-mediated meaning activation in monolinguals and bilinguals

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna C. Friesen ◽  
Jiyoon Oh ◽  
Ellen Bialystok
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Preceding Trial ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Language Experience ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Phonological Activation ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The current study investigated how language experience impacts phonologically-mediated meaning activation. Monolinguals and bilinguals made living/non-living judgments on English homophones (e.g., beech, beach) while Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Context was manipulated by making the preceding trial either unrelated (e.g., servant → beech) or semantically-related, creating priming. The related context either strengthened (e.g., oak → beech) or diminished (e.g., oak → beach) a homophone’s meaning. In the unrelated context, both groups utilized phonology similarly to access meaning, as evidenced by a later N400 and a larger late positive component (LPC) for homophones than for non-homophonic words. However, when the context primed the incorrect meaning (e.g., oak → beach), only monolinguals exhibited N400 attenuation and delayed LPCs, indicating that they were mistakenly using phonology and context to access meaning and were then required to reanalyze their interpretation. These results provide insight into how oral language experience impacts phonological activation of meaning.

Eye region as a predictor of holistic facial aesthetic judgment: An eventrelated potential study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Zhang ◽  
Yezi Chen ◽  
Yiran Zhu ◽  
Haibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Facial Aesthetics ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Eye Region

Event-related potentials (ERP) play an important role in the early detection of emotional arousal. Previous studies of aesthetics have shown that the positive component appearing around 200 ms after stimulus (P2) and the larger late positive component (LPC) are closely related to the early stage of aesthetic judgment. We investigated the temporal features of facial aesthetic judgment on the basis of facial features by using the ERP technique. Participants were instructed to predict holistic face aesthetic level based on the regions of eyes, mouth, or nose. Behavioral results show that holistic score predictions based on the eye region were no different to holistic aesthetic ratings. The ERP analysis results show that beautiful eyes and faces elicited a smaller P2 amplitude and LPC amplitude when judging the holistic aesthetic. The P2 effect of facial aesthetics may reflect automatic processing of facial aesthetics and the difference in LPC may be related to motivational attention to facial aesthetics. Because of the similar ERP effect between the holistic facial aesthetic judgment and the aesthetic judgment of eye region, this region may play a significant role in predicting holistic facial aesthetics. The implication is that the eyes are not only a window to the soul, but also a benchmark of beauty.

scholarly journals Chemosensory Event-Related Potentials and Power Spectrum Could Be a Possible Biomarker in 3M Syndrome Infants?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Sara Invitto ◽  
Alberto Grasso ◽  
Dario Domenico Lofrumento ◽  
Vincenzo Ciccarese ◽  
Angela Paladini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectra ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Chemosensory Perception ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Olfactory Processing ◽  
Cullin 7 ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

3M syndrome is a rare disorder that involves the gene cullin-7 (CUL7). CUL7 modulates odour detection, conditions the olfactory response (OR) and plays a role in the development of the olfactory system. Despite this involvement, there are no direct studies on olfactory functional effects in 3M syndrome. The purpose of the present work was to analyse the cortical OR through chemosensory event-related potentials (CSERPs) and power spectra calculated by electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded in 3M infants: two twins (3M-N) and an additional subject (3M-O). The results suggest that olfactory processing is diversified. Comparison of N1 and Late Positive Component (LPC) indicated substantial differences in 3M syndrome that may be a consequence of a modified olfactory processing pattern. Moreover, the presence of delta rhythms in 3M-O and 3M-N clearly indicates their involvement with OR, since the delta rhythm is closely connected to chemosensory perception, in particular to olfactory perception.

scholarly journals Evidence for Attentional Gradient in the Serial Position Memory Curve from Event-related Potentials

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2071-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Azizian ◽  
John Polich
Keyword(s):  
Serial Position ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Position Effects ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Recency Effects ◽  
Related Potentials

The occurrence of primacy versus recency effects in free recall is suggested to reflect either two distinct memory systems, or the operation of a single system that is modulated by allocation of attention and less vulnerable to interference. Behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERPs) measures were used to investigate the encoding substrates of the serial position curve and subsequent recall in young adults. Participants were instructed to remember lists of words consisting of 12 common nouns each presented once every 1.5 sec, with a recall signal following the last word to indicate that all remembered items should be written on paper. This procedure was repeated for 20 different word lists. Both performance and late ERP amplitudes reflected classic recall serial position effects. Greater recall and larger late positive component amplitudes were obtained for the primacy and recency items, with less recall and smaller amplitudes for the middle words. The late positive component was larger for recalled compared to unrecalled primacy items, but it did not differ between memory performance outcomes for the recency items. The close relationship between the enhanced amplitude and primacy retrieval supports the view that this positive component reflects one of a process series related to attentional gradient and encoding of events for storage in memory. Recency effects appear to index operations determined by the anticipation of the last stimulus presentation, which occurred for both recalled and unrecalled memory items. Theoretical implications are discussed.

Modulation of forgiveness on processing hurt situations: A study of event-related potentials

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-616
Author(s):  
Yangen Zhou ◽  
Jiamei Lu ◽  
Xiaochen Tang ◽  
Chaoyi Hu ◽  
Haibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
University Students ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Stimulus Evaluation ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Brain

To explore the neuro-mechanism of the time course of processing a hurt situation, we analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) generated in the brain in response to stimuli in individuals with different degrees of forgiveness. Participants were 216 university students. Of the early ERP components, the negative-deflecting N1 was modulated neither by degree of forgiveness nor by the hurt situation, and the positive-deflecting P2 was larger for low-forgiveness than for high-forgiveness participants, and for low-hurt than for high-hurt situations. The N2, which identifies and encodes stimulus, was enhanced in the high-forgiveness group and for high-hurt situations. Importantly, the late positive component (LPC) stage of stimulus evaluation was larger in the high-forgiveness group for high-hurt situations, but in the low-forgiveness group was evident for low-hurt situations. These data indicate that the modulation of forgiveness on processing hurt situations occurs at the late stage of information processing.

scholarly journals Differences in the temporal processing between identification and categorization of durations: a behavioral and ERP study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorian Bannier ◽  
J. Wearden ◽  
Christophe C. Le Dantec ◽  
Mohamed Rebaï
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Behavioral Effect ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Lower Amplitude ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Offset

AbstractThis study examined how different forms of decision-making modulate time perception. Participants performed temporal bisection and generalization tasks, requiring them to either categorize a stimulus duration as more similar to short or long standards (bisection), or identify whether or not a duration was the same as a previously-presented standard (generalization). They responded faster in the bisection task than in the generalization one for long durations. This behavioral effect was accompanied by modulation of event-related potentials (ERPs). More specifically, between 500 ms and 600 ms after stimulus offset, a late positive component (LPC), appearing in the centro-parietal region, showed lower amplitude in the bisection task than in the generalization one, for long durations, mirroring the behavioral result. Before (200-500 ms) and after (600-800 ms) this window, the amplitude of the LPC was globally larger in the generalization paradigm, independently of the presented duration. Finally, the latency of the LPC’s peak was earlier for long durations than for the short ones, indicating that the decision about the former stimuli was made earlier than for the latter ones. Taken together, these results indicate that the categorization of durations engages fewer cognitive resources than their identification.

scholarly journals Neural Indices of Semantic Processing in Early Childhood Distinguish Eventual Stuttering Persistence and Recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 3118-3134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Kreidler ◽  
Amanda Hampton Wray ◽  
Evan Usler ◽  
Christine Weber
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Positive Component ◽  
Late Positive Component ◽  
Scalp Distribution ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Maturation

Purpose Maturation of neural processes for language may lag in some children who stutter (CWS), and event-related potentials (ERPs) distinguish CWS who have recovered from those who have persisted. The current study explores whether ERPs indexing semantic processing may distinguish children who will eventually persist in stuttering (CWS-ePersisted) from those who will recover from stuttering (CWS-eRecovered). Method Fifty-six 5-year-old children with normal receptive language listened to naturally spoken sentences in a story context. ERP components elicited for semantic processing (N400, late positive component [LPC]) were compared for CWS-ePersisted, CWS-eRecovered, and children who do not stutter (CWNS). Results The N400 elicited by semantic violations had a more focal scalp distribution (left lateralized and less anterior) in the CWS-eRecovered compared with CWS-ePersisted. Although the LPC elicited in CWS-eRecovered and CWNS did not differ, the LPC elicited in the CWS-ePersisted was smaller in amplitude compared with that in CWNS. Conclusions ERPs elicited in 5-year-old CWS-eRecovered compared with CWS-ePersisted suggest that future recovery from stuttering may be associated with earlier maturation of semantic processes in the preschool years. Subtle differences in ERP indices offer a window into neural maturation processes for language and may help distinguish the course of stuttering development.

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