scholarly journals In Vitro Study for Lipolysis of Soybean Oil, Pomegranate Oil, and Their Blended and Interesterified Oils under a pH-Stat Model and a Simulated Model of Small Intestinal Digestion

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenming Ji ◽  
Jung-Ah Shin ◽  
Soon Hong ◽  
Ki-Teak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Simulated Model ◽  
Interesterified Oil ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Ph Stat ◽  
Small Intestinal

In this study, two in vitro digestion models were employed to compare the rate of lipolysis in soybean oil (SBO), pomegranate oil (PGO), a physical blend (PHY, 1:1 molar ratio of SBO:PGO, w/w), and their enzymatically interesterified oil (IO). In the pH-stat digestion model (emulsified oils with bile salts), PGO emulsion containing 74.7% conjugated form of linolenic acid (CLn) showed a significantly lower release rate of free fatty acid (FFA) than the other oil emulsions (p < 0.05). In FFA release rates and oil droplet sizes between PHY and IO emulsions, no significant differences were observed (p > 0.05). In a simulated model of small intestinal digestion, the lipolysis rates of SBO, PGO, PHY, and IO after digestion for 30 min in digestion fluids were 80.4%, 66.5%, 74.8%, and 77.0%, respectively. The rate of lipolysis in PGO was significantly lower than that in SBO (p < 0.05), and the lowest lipolysis rate was observed in the conjugated form of trilinolenoyl glycerol (CLn-CLn-CLn).

In vitro digestion of polysaccharides: InfoGest protocol and use of small intestinal extract from rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 110054
Author(s):  
Pablo Gallego-Lobillo ◽  
Alvaro Ferreira-Lazarte ◽  
Oswaldo Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Mar Villamiel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Small Intestinal

DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIFIC RADIODMMUNOASSAY FOR DETERMINATION OF PEPTIDES DERIVED FROM HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ELASTASE DEGRADATION OF HUMAN FIBRIN (OGEN)

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Wallin ◽  
T Saldeen
Keyword(s):  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Leukocyte Elastase ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
Human Leukocyte Elastase ◽  
Edta Plasma

This paper describes a RIA for determination of the vasoactive peptide BB 30-43 and related peptides derived from leukocyte elastase degradaticn of human fibrin(ogen). The peptide was synthesized and could easily be labelled with 125I.Rabbits were iirmunized with BB 30-43 conjugated to bovine albumin. The antibody was found to bind about 5C% of the tracer in absence of BB 30-43 in a ˜1/800 diluticn. The RIA can detect peptide concentrations between 50 - 25000 pmol/L. The crossreaction with fibrinogen is very low (<0.001%) and with plas-min derived fibrin(ogen) peptides Bβ 1-42 and BB 15-42 also low (<0.2%). Plasma samples can be analyzed without any pretreatment. In an in vitro study fibrin and fibrincgen was degraded with plasmin or leukocyte elastase. Plasmin degradaticn of fibrin and fibrincgen did not release peptides which cross-reacted with our antibody, whereas leukocyte elastase degradation released peptides from both fibrin and fibrinogen which crossreact whith the antibody.The imnunolqgical activity was not changed after degrading peptide Bβ 30-43 with a) trypsin, b) plasmin, c) batraxobin, d) thrombin, e) elastase, at +37°,1 h, in a molar ratio of 1:100. Even degradaticn by elastase (1:3.5) +37°, 1 h, did not destroy the iirmunological activity.The imriunolcgical stability of peptide B< 30-43 in EDTA-plasma (+37°) seems to be very good. In citrated and heparinized plasma the activity of this peptide seems to vanish quite fast. In spite of these results we have detected high levels of iirmunolcgical activitiy in citrated or heparinized patient plasma. The molecular distribution of the peptides detected in plasma by our RIA corresponded to a fragnent containing about 25 amino acids. This fragnent seemes to be rather stable in plasma. When this fragnent was degraded with elastase in vitro a peptide with a molecular size resembling BB 30-43 was obtained. Over 300 patient samples have been studied. About 20 per cent were positive and the highest levels were found in patients with ARDS, septicaemia, severe renal failure, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia and pulmonary congestion.

scholarly journals Effect of In Vitro Digestion on the Antioxidant Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of 12 Plum (Spondias purpurea L.) Ecotypes

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1995
Author(s):  
Xochitl Cruz Sollano-Mendieta ◽  
Ofelia Gabriela Meza-Márquez ◽  
Guillermo Osorio-Revilla ◽  
Darío Iker Téllez-Medina
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Total Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Spondias Purpurea

Spondias purpurea L. plum is a source of antioxidant compounds. Nevertheless, once they are consumed and go through the digestive system, these compounds may undergo changes that modify their bioaccessibility. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the total content of carotenoids (TCC), ascorbic acid (AA), phenolic compounds (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), anthocyanins (TAC), and antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH) of 12 plum Spondias purpurea L. ecotypes. The plum samples were subjected to the InfoGest in vitro digestion model. TCC, AA, TPC, TFC, TAC, ABTS, and DPPH were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) in each in vitro digestion stage. The gastric stage released the highest content of AA (64.04–78.66%) and TAC (128.45–280.50%), whereas the intestinal stage released the highest content of TCC (11.31–34.20%), TPC (68.61–95.36%), and TFC (72.76–95.57%). Carotenoids were not identified in the gastric stage whilst anthocyanins were lost at the end of the intestinal digestion. At the gastric stage, AA presented a positive and high correlation with ABTS (r: 0.83) and DPPH (r: 0.84), while, in the intestinal stage, TPC and TFC presented positive and high correlation with ABTS (r ≥ 0.8) and DPPH (r ≥ 0.8), respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of Inoculant Sources on Feed in Vitro Fermentability and Digestibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
A K Agustina A K Agustina ◽  
D Evvyernie ◽  
Rika Zahera ◽  
I G Permana ◽  
Toto Toharmat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

The aim of this research is to compare alternative inoculant source for in vitro rumen fermentation. In the first experiment, inoculant from fistulated cattle kept in LIPI and IPB (Fis1 and Fis2) and inoculant from Bogor municipality abattoir and IPB abattoir (Abo1 and Abo2) were tested for their pH, total bacterial count, and protozoal number using a complete block design with four replications. In the second experiment, the effect of the inoculant sources was tested on cornmeal (F1), soybean oil meal (F2), Napier grass (F3), and dairy cattle complete ration (F4) fermentability and digestibility including pH, VFA, NH3, IVDMD and IVOMD parameters. The results showed an unsignificant different protozoal number among inoculant sources. The pH of Fis2 rumen liquor was significantly lower (p<0.05) than others. The bacterial population was significantly higher (p<0.05) in Fis2 and Abo2 than Abo1, and Fis1. The inoculant pH after feed fermentability was not influenced by feed type but inoculant source with Fis1 was significantly higher (p<0.05) than Fis2, Abo2, and Abo1. The ammonia, VFA concentration, IVDMD, and IVOMD were influenced by interaction between inoculant sources and feed types. Although inoculant from cattle close to the laboratory (Fis2 and Abo2) were better in term of higher bacterial population, higher fermentability and digestibility for most type of feeds but other sources can be used in vitro study without differences in average fermentability and digestibility results. Key words:        abattoir, fermentability, fistula, inoculant, in vitro

Influence of minor components on lipid bioaccessibility and oxidation during in vitro digestion of soybean oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 4793-4800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana S Martin‐Rubio ◽  
Patricia Sopelana ◽  
María D Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Minor Components

scholarly journals 1H NMR Study of the In Vitro Digestion of Highly Oxidized Soybean Oil and the Effect of the Presence of Ovalbumin

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1573
Author(s):  
Ana S. Martin-Rubio ◽  
Patricia Sopelana ◽  
María L. Ibargoitia ◽  
María D. Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oxidized Lipids ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hydroxy Compounds ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hydroxy Groups

Oxidized lipids containing a wide variety of potentially toxic compounds can be ingested through diet. However, their transformations during digestion are little known, despite this knowledge being essential in understanding their impact on human health. Considering this, the in vitro digestion process of highly oxidized soybean oil, containing compounds bearing hydroperoxy, aldehyde, epoxy, keto- and hydroxy groups, among others, is studied by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Lipolysis extent, oxidation occurrence and the fate of oxidation products both present in the undigested oil and formed during digestion are analyzed. Furthermore, the effect during digestion of two different ovalbumin proportions on all the aforementioned issues is also addressed. It is proved that polyunsaturated group bioaccessibility is affected by both a decrease in lipolysis and oxidation occurrence during digestion. While hydroperoxide level declines throughout this process, epoxy-compounds, keto-dienes, hydroxy-compounds, furan-derivatives and n-alkanals persist to a great extent or even increase. Conversely, a,b-unsaturated aldehydes, especially the very reactive and toxic oxygenated ones, diminish, although part of them remains in the digestates. While a low ovalbumin proportion hardly affects oil evolution during digestion, at a high level it diminishes oxidation and reduces the concentration of potentially bioaccessible toxic oxidation compounds.

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