scholarly journals The Differences in Postprandial Serum Concentrations of Peptides That Regulate Satiety/Hunger and Metabolism after Various Meal Intake, in Men with Normal vs. Excessive BMI

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Adamska-Patruno ◽  
Lucyna Ostrowska ◽  
Joanna Goscik ◽  
Joanna Fiedorczuk ◽  
Monika Moroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese People ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Meal Intake ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Challenge Tests

The energy balance regulation may differ in lean and obese people. The purposes of our study were to evaluate the hormonal response to meals with varying macronutrient content, and the differences depending on body weight. Methods. The crossover study included 46 men, 21–58 years old, normal-weight and overweight/obese. Every subject participated in two meal-challenge-tests with high-carbohydrate (HC), and normo-carbohydrate (NC) or high-fat (HF) meals. Fasting and postprandial blood was collected for a further 240 min, to determine adiponectin, leptin and total ghrelin concentrations. Results. In normal-weight individuals after HC-meal we observed at 60min higher adiponectin concentrations (12,554 ± 1531 vs. 8691 ± 1070 ng/mL, p = 0.01) and significantly (p < 0.05) lower total ghrelin concentrations during the first 120 min, than after HF-meal intake. Fasting and postprandial leptin levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in overweigh/obese men. Leptin concentrations in normal-weight men were higher (2.72 ± 0.8 vs. 1.56 ± 0.4 ng/mL, p = 0.01) 180 min after HC-meal than after NC-meal intake. Conclusions. Our results suggest that in normal-body weight men we can expect more beneficial leptin, adiponectin, and total ghrelin response after HC-meal intake, whereas, in overweight/obese men, the HC-meal intake may exacerbate the feeling of hunger, and satiety may be induced more by meals with lower carbohydrate content.

scholarly journals Intake of Meals Containing High Levels of Carbohydrates or High Levels of Unsaturated Fatty Acids Induces Postprandial Dysmetabolism in Young Overweight/Obese Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Adamska ◽  
Lucyna Ostrowska ◽  
Joanna Gościk ◽  
Magdalena Waszczeniuk ◽  
Adam Krętowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Meal Intake ◽  
Group I ◽  
Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia

Postprandial metabolic response depends on the meals’ components and can be different in normal weight and obese people. However, there are some discrepancies between various reports. The aim of this study was to determine the metabolic response after intake of standardised meals with various fat and carbohydrate contents and to determine the differences among normal weight and overweight/obese individuals. The study group comprised 46 healthy men. The participants were divided into two groups and study was carried out using a crossover method. Group I received high- and normal-carbohydrate meals, whereas group II received high-carbohydrate and high-fat meals. Glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and free fatty acids levels were measured at fasting state and at 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after meal intake. Despite the lack of differences in glucose levels, insulin levels were higher among overweight/obese individuals after each meal. TG and FFA levels were higher after normal-carbohydrate and high-fat meals. Moreover, in overweight/obese young men after high-fat meal intake postprandial hypertriglyceridemia was observed, even if meals contained predominantly unsaturated fatty acids, and fasting triglycerides levels were in normal range. The conducted study showed that postprandial metabolic response depends not only on the meal macronutrient content but also on the current body mass index (BMI).

scholarly journals POS0358 EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF mTOR EXPRESSION ON THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN OBESE AND NORMAL WEIGHT PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 409.2-409
Author(s):  
E. Strebkova ◽  
E. Tchetina ◽  
L. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Womac Pain ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background:Currently, a large number of molecular biological and genetic markers are known to be involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is responsible for chondrocyte proliferation, cartilage matrix production, and cell growth. OA is characterized by increased mTOR synthesis, which is accompanied by an increase in proliferative activity and destruction of chondrocytes. Obesity is an important factor in the progression of knee OA. The study of mTOR expression in patients with OA and obesity is an urgent task in the development of personalized OA therapy.Objectives:To determine the expression of mTOR in patients with knee OA in combination with obesity and normal body weight. To evaluate the effect of mTOR on the clinical manifestations of OA in patients with different body mass index (BMI).Methods:The study included 73 female patients aged 45-65 y.o. with Kellgren-Lawrence stage II-III knee OA. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=50) with obesity (BMI > 30 kg / cm2) and group 2 (n=23) with normal or increased body weight (BMI < 30 kg/cm2). The average age of patients with obesity is 56.5 ± 5.87 years, without obesity - 58.7 ± 5.43 years. Clinical manifestations were evaluated by a WOMAС. RNA was isolated from the patients ‘ blood samples, which was used to determine the expression of mTOR.Results:Patients with knee OA with and without obesity did not differ in age. OA develops at an earlier age in obese patients, than in non-obese patients (p < 0.001). Patients from 1 group had a high BMI > 30 kg/m2 at the onset of OA. Obese patients had more severe knee OA is significantly more often detected: Kellgren-Lawrence stage III was determined in 10% of obese patients and in 4.35% - without obesity (p < 0.001). Significantly higher values of the WOMAC index pain, stiffness, joint functional failure, and total WOMAC were observed in obese patients (p = 0.006, p = 0.039, p = 0.037, and p = 0.014, respectively). Obese patients had higher VAS pain scores (p < 0.05) compared to patients with a lower BMI. Obese patients had a higher mTOR expression (p < 0.05) of 8.02±8.62, compared to non-obese patients. High mTOR expression was associated with VAS knee pain (r=0.78; p < 0.05) and WOMAC pain (r=0.89; p<0.05) in obese patients (Table 1).Table 1.Correlation of m-TORParametersmTOR (1 group, n=50)mTOR (2 group, n=23)Body weightр > 0,05р > 0,05Pain (VAS)r=0,78; р<0,05p = 0,07; r = 0,45Pain (WOMAC)r=0,89; р<0,05р > 0,05Total WOMACр > 0,05р > 0,05Conclusion:Our study showed that patients with obesity and knee OA have higher rates of mTOR expression, compared to patients with normal body weight. High mTOR expression correlates with the severity of knee pain in obese patients. Thus, the evaluation of mTOR expression in obese patients and knee OA plays an important role in predicting the severity of clinical manifestations of OA, and may influence the choice of personalized therapy tactics for such patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Influence of gender on OVA-induced airway inflammation in C57/B6J mice on a high-fat diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921876094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Yu ◽  
Lili Zhu ◽  
Haiyan Li ◽  
Youyou Shao ◽  
Lei Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Asthma Group

Overweight/obesity has been suggested as a risk factor for asthma development, and prospective studies have confirmed that high body weight precedes asthma symptoms. However, the nature of the association between overweight/obese status and asthma remains unclear. Animal models of obesity-related asthma are very useful for understanding disease pathophysiology. Although C57/B6J mice are the most widely used animal model for researching obesity-related asthma, gender differences are not always taken into consideration. Therefore, to explore the effect of gender on the development of obesity-related asthma, both female and male C57/B6J mice were used in this study. The mice were fed with a high-fat diet or a low-fat diet as control. Body weight, body length, liver weight, and Lee’s Index were used to evaluate obesity status, and lung histology, lung inflammatory cells infiltration, and inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined for asthma evaluation. We found that the mean body weight of male mice on a high-fat diet gradually increased and was significantly higher than control male mice on a low-fat diet ( P < 0.01), while no significant differences were found between female mice at the end of 12 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, the obese asthma group female and male mice exhibited significantly high inflammatory cells infiltration than normal weight or obese female and male mice ( P < 0.01). However, the obese asthma group presented higher Neu infiltration, Th1 cytokine, and interferon gamma (IFNγ) concentrations in BALF than the asthma group in both the genders ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, both female and male mice are suitable for the obesity-related asthma model, although male mice might be more stable. Besides, obesity-related asthma is not Th2 type asthma.

INFLUENCE OF DIET COMPOSITION AND CALORIC INTAKE ON BODY WEIGHT OF WARM- AND COLD-ACCLIMATED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2225-2235
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
P. A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Weight ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Exposure To Cold ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Total Body

The well known reduction in growth rate of cold-acclimated rats has been shown to depend on a decreased gain in total body fat, without change in the gain in lean body weight. This has been observed in rats fed Lab Chow or a high-fat diet ad libitum. In those groups fed a high-carbohydrate diet ad libitum or calorie-restricted high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets, exposure to cold had no effect on the gain in neither total body weight nor lean body weight, which were already reduced by the diet; in those animals, the significant decrease in the gain in total body fat upon exposure to cold was compensated by a slight but unsignificant increase in the gain in lean body weight, so that differences in gain in total body weight were not significant.

Effects of High-Protein and High-Carbohydrate Diets on Body Weight Were Similar in Healthy Young Vietnamese Women With Normal Body Weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Nguyen Mai Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Huong Giang ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Linh ◽  
Vu Thi Thu Hien ◽  
Le Thi Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Normal Body Weight

scholarly journals Levels of keratinocyteand fibroblast-derived chemokines in skin cells isolated from abdominoplasty surgical materials from patients with normal weight and obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
А.Е. Копасов ◽  
Е.Н. Волкова ◽  
С.Н. Блохин ◽  
С.Г. Морозов
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Chemokines ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Index

Цель работы - определение уровня хемокинов, ассоциированных с фибробластами и кератиноцитами, в клетках кожи, выделеных из операционного материала при абдоминопластике у пациенток с нормальной массой тела и ожирением. Методика. Для исследования использовали фрагменты кожи пациенток с нормальной массой тела и ожирением. Степень ожирения оценивали по индексу массы тела (ИМТ) согласно международным критериям. ИМТ, принятый в исследовании за норму, составлял 19,8±1,7 кг/м2, для пациенток с ожирением - 38,3±4,1 кг/м2. Клетки выделяли путем ферментативной обработки коллагеназой II. Проводили иммунотипирование клеток моноклональными антителами меченными флуоресцентными красителями. Использовали антитела к хемокинам семейства CXCL (R&D systems) и CCL (Boeringer Ingelheim, Германия). Меченные флуоресцентными красителями иммунотипированные клетки анализировали на проточном цитометре FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson, США) по программе SimulSet. Статистический анализ проводили по программе ANOVA. Результаты. Были проанализированы хемокины семейства CCL и CXCL, секретируемые кератиноцитами и фибробластами кожи. Показано, что в коже пациенток с ожирением повышен процент клеток, экспрссирующих рецепторы CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR3, CCR10, регулирующие секрецию хемокинов кератиноцитами и фибробластами кожи. При ожирении в клетках кожи повышен уровень хемокинов CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL24 и CCL27, имеющих отношение к развитию и поддержанию воспалительного процесса в коже, а уровень хемокинов CCL17, CCL22, CCL28 снижен, что указывает на нарушение хемокиновой и цитокиновой регуляции при ожирении и является основой для развития послеоперационных осложнений при абдоминопластике. Заключение. Полученные данные указывают на нарушение хемокиновой регуляции при ожирении, что способствует развитию послеоперационных осложнений при абдоминопластике. The aim of the study was to compare chemokine expression in skin cells obtained from patients with normal body weight and obesity after abdominoplasty. Methods. Obesity was determined by body weight index (normal, 19.8±1.7 kg/m2; obesity, 38.3±4.1 kg/m2). Only skin without subcutaneous fat was isolated from surgical material. The skin cells obtained from surgical material were stained with monoclonal antibodies to chemokines. Fluorescence of proteins and receptors was analyzed by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA. Results. Keratinocyte- and fibroblast-derived chemokines of the CCL and CXCL families were analyzed. Percentage of cells expressing CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR10 receptors (regulators of chemokine secretion by keratinocytes and skin fibroblasts) was increased in the skin of obese patients. Expression of the pro-inflammatory chemokines, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL24, and CCL27, was increased in skin cells from obese patients. Obesity was associated with reduced expression of the chemokines CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 in skin cells. Conclusion. Chemokine regulation is disturbed in obesity, which may underlie the development of complications after abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Cardiopulmonary Capacity in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Grzyb ◽  
Małgorzata Domagalska-Szopa ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Ilona Kwiecień-Czerwieniec ◽  
Andrzej Szopa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background: One of the objective methods of assessing the level of cardiopulmonary capacity in overweight and obese children and adolescents is cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).Aims: The purpose of present study is an evaluation of aerobic capacity in high body mass index (BMI) children and adolescents by comparing them with a normal weight control group by CPET.Methods and Procedures: The subjects were recruited from participants of the Program of Treatment for Overweight and Obese Children organized by a local pediatric rehabilitation center in Poland. Based on BMI for age and gender, two validation groups were selected: (1) a group of overweight children (n = 49) and (2) a group of obese children (n = 48). The study included also 53 normal weight participants as a reference group (REF). The study consisted of two parts: anthropometric measurements and CPET. The Godfrey protocol for CPET was applied.Outcomes and Results: In this study, obese children and adolescents showed similar absolute VO2peak values in liters per minute (1.64 L/min) compared to overweight children (1.48 L/min), but significantly higher than children with normal body weight (1.39 L/min). The obese children and adolescents presented lower VO2peak in relation to body weight (25.44 ml/kg/min) compared to their peers with normal body weight (36.5 ml/kg/min), and overweight children (29.18 ml/kg/min).Conclusion and Implications: The main finding of our study was recognition of significant differences between cardiopulmonary capacity parameters in obese children in comparison not only to normal weight peers, but to overweight, too.

On the Possibilities of Using the Body Mass Index Index to Reveal Trends in Changing the Health Status of Student Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Shvechikhina ◽  
K.S. Ishchenko ◽  
L.M. Kavelenova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Oscillatory Character ◽  
Index Index

The article is devoted to the study of body mass index (BMI) indicators of biology students at Samara University in 20008-2020. For girls, against the background of fluctuations over the years, from 2015-2016 to 2020. there is a consistent decrease in the proportion of people with underweight, an increase in the proportion of people with normal weight. For young men, changes in the BMI structure are of a more pronounced oscillatory character. The negative features of the 2019 and 2020 contingent are the emergence of overweight and obese people. Key words: students, physical health, body weight, Samara region, body mass index.

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