scholarly journals Supplementation with Beef Extract Improves Exercise Performance and Reduces Post-Exercise Fatigue Independent of Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Hsien Hsu ◽  
Chien-Chao Chiu ◽  
Yu-Chih Wang ◽  
Ter-Hsin Chen ◽  
Yi-Hsun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Beef Extract

Beef extract (BE) is a nutritional supplement obtained by cooking beef meat. Compared with traditional chicken essence or clam extract, BE is cheaper to produce and may be used for wound healing, as a chemotherapy supplement, or to prevent fatigue. In this study, we evaluated the potential beneficial effects of BE on exercise performance and the related role of the gut microbiota. Pathogen-free male BALB/c mice were divided into three groups to receive vehicle or BE (0, 12.3, or 24.6 mL/kg) by oral gavage for 28 days. Exercise performance was evaluated using forelimb grip strength, swimming time to exhaustion, and physiological levels of fatigue-related biomarkers (serum lactate, blood urea nitrogen, and glucose levels) after physical challenges. BE supplementation elevated endurance and grip strength in a dose-dependent manner; significantly decreased lactate and blood urea nitrogen levels after physical challenge; and significantly increased muscle glycogen content. The germ-free mice supplemented with BE or an equal-calorie portion of albumin did not show significant differences from the other groups in exercise performance and levels of related biomarkers. Therefore, BE supplementation improved endurance and reduced fatigue, which might be related to BE composition, but had no correlation with the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Ubiquinol Supplementation Alters Exercise Induced Fatigue by Increasing Lipid Utilization in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Chieh Chen ◽  
Chi-Chang Huang ◽  
Tien-Jen Lin ◽  
Mei-Chich Hsu ◽  
Yi-Ju Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Swimming Time ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cell Energy ◽  
Forelimb Grip Strength

Ubiquinol (QH), a reduced form of coenzyme Q10, is a lipid antioxidant that is hydro-soluble and is commonly formulated in commercial supplements. Ubiquinol has been increasingly reported to exert antioxidant functions, in addition to its role in the cell energy-producing system of mitochondria and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The aim of this study was to assess the potential beneficial effects of QH on anti-fatigue and ergogenic functions following physiological challenge. Forty 8-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 for each group): Group 1 (vehicle control or oil only); Group 2 (1X QH dose or 102.5 mg/kg); Group 3 (2X QH dose or 205 mg/kg); Group 4 (6X QH dose or 615 mg/kg). Anti-fatigue activity and exercise performance were studied using the forelimb grip strength experiment and exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time, and levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatine kinase (CK), and free fatty acids (FFA) after an acute exercise challenge. The forelimb grip strength and exhaustive weight-loaded swimming time of the QH-6X group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. QH supplementation dose-dependently reduced serum lactate, ammonia, and CK levels and increased the FFA concentration after acute exercise. In addition, QH increased the liver and muscle glycogen content, an important energy source during exercise. Therefore, the results suggest that QH formulation is a safe dietary supplement for amelioration of fatigue and for promoting exercise performance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Renoprotective Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Morinda citrifolia L. in a Murine Model of Gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity

2013 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Preethi G Pai ◽  
Ahsan Shoeb ◽  
P Gokul ◽  
Srinivas Teerthanath
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

AIM: The present study was undertaken to evaluate noni fruit juice for its protective effects on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. METHODS:Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150-200g were divided into 4 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80 mg/kg, i.p.,i for 8 days, noni fruit juice 5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o., for 8 days, noni fruit juice 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed after the treatment. RESULTS: Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in blood urea and serum creatinine. Serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were increased with gentamicin compared to saline-treated animals (162.33 ± 9.92mg/dl, 3.13 ± 0.12 mg/dl, 6.85 ± 0.35 mg/dl and 75.86 ± 4.64 mg/dl respectively).Co-administration of noni fruit juice with gentamicin decreased the rise in in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Study of renal morphology by light microscope showed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration involving >50% renal cortex in gentamicin treated rats, whereas in noni fruit juice plus gentamicin treated rat revealed insignificant changes in tubular epithelium. CONCLUSION: To conclude, our data suggest that supplementation of noni fruit juice may be useful in reducing gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Risk of falls in 4 years of follow-up among Chinese adults with diabetes: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e043349
Author(s):  
Yue Wen ◽  
Jing Liao ◽  
Yiqiong Yin ◽  
Chunjuan Liu ◽  
Renrong Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls

ObjectivesThis study was to determine the incidence of falls and identify baseline factors increased risk for incident falls over time among people with diabetes.DesignThis study was a secondary analysis using the baseline and 4 years of follow-up data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).SettingA nationally representative survey of 17 500 Chinese residents aged 45 years and older were recruited in the baseline national survey in 2011. These participants were followed up every 2 years.ParticipantsA total of 1238 middle-aged and older adults with diabetes and no history of falls at baseline were included in the current study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresInformation on incidence of falls and medical treatment resulting from falls were determined by self-report.ResultsThe findings showed that the incidence of falls was 29.4% during 4 years of follow-up. Participants with incident falls were younger, were more likely to be women, had lower education level and were less likely to be current drinkers. In addition, former drinkers were 2.22 times more likely to fall. Socially active individuals were 47% less likely to fall compared with those without social activities. Every 5 kg increase in grip strength was associated with a 13% lower risk of falls. A 10 mg/dL higher total cholesterol and 1 mg/dL higher blood urea nitrogen were associated with a 4% and 6% higher risk of falls. Finally, participants with depressive symptoms were 1.47 times more likely to fall compared with those without depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the importance of developing a fall prevention programme for those with diabetes, and this programme should address potentially modifiable risk factors, including levels of total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, social activity, depressive symptoms and grip strength.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective Effect of Ursolic Acid in a Murine Model of Gentamicin-Induced Renal Damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi G. Pai ◽  
Savindika Chamari Nawarathna ◽  
Avdhooth Kulkarni ◽  
Umma Habeeba ◽  
Sudarshan Reddy C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

The present study evaluates the nephroprotective effects of ursolic acid in a murine model of gentamicin induced renal damage. Wistar albino rats of either sex, weighing 150–200 g were divided into 5 groups; normal saline, gentamicin 80 mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 8 days, ursolic acid at 2, 5, and 10 mg/kg, per oral for 8 days, ursolic acid administered 3 days prior and concurrently with gentamicin for 5 days. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen analyses and microscopic examination of kidney were performed. Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in serum urea, serum uric acid, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (162.33 ± 9.92 mg/dL, 3.13 ± 0.12 mg/dL, 6.85 ± 0.35 mg/dL and 75.86 ± 4.64 mg/dL; resp.) when compared to the saline treated groups. Co-administration of ursolic acid with gentamicin decreased the rise in these parameters in a dose dependent manner. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense granular degeneration in gentamicin treated rats, whereas ursolic acid mitigated the severity of gentamicin-induced renal damage. To conclude, our data suggest that ursolic acid exhibits renoprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal damage and further studies on its mechanis of action are warranted.

scholarly journals Bacteroides uniformis enhances endurance exercise performance through gluconeogenesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroto Morita ◽  
Chie Kano ◽  
Chiharu Ishii ◽  
Noriko Kagata ◽  
Takamasa Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Swimming Time

ABSTRACTAthletes require high levels of energy to exercise under extreme conditions. Gut microbiota supplies energy to the host; however, the mechanism how gut microbiota contribute in the athlete is unclear. In this study, we determined that gut microbiota of Japanese long-distance runners differed from that of non-athletes, and the Bacteroides uniformis cell number in the feces correlated with 3,000-m race time. Mice administrated with B. unformis extended the swimming time to exhaustion. Furthermore, acetate and propionate concentrations in the cecum increased in B. uniformis-administered mice subjected to weekly exercise. Expression levels of carnitine palmitoyl transferase la and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes were elevated in the liver, suggesting that acetate and propionate produced by B. uniformis improve endurance exercise performance, at least in part, through enhancing gluconeogenesis. In addition, α-cyclodextrin administration increased B. uniformis and improved the performance in humans and mice, thus it is a candidate substance enhancing exercise performance through modification of gut microbiota.

Antidiabetic and renoprotective effect of Anogeissus acuminata leaf extract on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana M. Navale ◽  
Archana Paranjape
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urinary Volume ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Excretion

Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are some of the mechanisms involved in renal damage. Anogeissus acuminata (AA) is used in India as an antidiabetic agent and has potent antioxidant activity. However, it has never been evaluated for its effect on diabetic nephropathy. Hence, in the present study we aimed to evaluate its effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and its renal complications. Methods Diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin, 50 mg/kg, i.p. in rats fasted for 6 h. Rats with hyperglycemia were treated with extracts of AA for 8 weeks at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg, orally. Human NPH insulin (4 IU/kg, s.c.) was used as standard treatment. Plasma glucose levels (at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8) and oxidative stress parameters (at weeks 2 and 4) were assessed. Effect on diabetic nephropathy was evaluated by recording the urinary volume, urinary protein excretion, kidney weights, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels at week 8. Results Methanolic extract of AA leaves produced statistically significant (p<0.05) hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect. It also resulted in improved urinary function, reflected by better urinary volume and reduced protein excretion in urine. AA treatment could prevent the elevation of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen level in a dose-dependent manner. Kidney hypertrophy could be attenuated remarkably, as reflected by the significantly lower kidney weight (KW) per 100 g body weight (p<0.05). Conclusions AA leaf extract attenuated the development of diabetic nephropathy and also demonstrated antidiabetic and antioxidant action.

622 Blood urea nitrogen — an important prognostic marker in patients with chronic heart failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
M ROIK ◽  
M STARCZEWSKA ◽  
S STAWICKI ◽  
Z HUCZEK ◽  
J KOCHANOWSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

Association between Blood Urea Nitrogen-to-creatinine Ratio and Three-Month Outcome in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linghui Deng ◽  
Changyi Wang ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Haiyang Bian ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

Background: Hydration status significantly affects the clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) is a biomarker of hydration status. However, it is not known whether there is a relationship between BUN/Cr and three-month outcome as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score in AIS patients. Methods: AIS patients admitted to West China Hospital from 2012 to 2016 were prospectively and consecutively enrolled and baseline data were collected. Poor clinical outcome was defined as three-month mRS > 2. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between BUN/Cr and three-month outcome. Confounding factors were identified by univariate analysis. Stratified logistic regression analysis was performed to identify effect modifiers. Results: A total of 1738 patients were included in the study. BUN/Cr showed a positive correlation with the three-month outcome (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.03, p=0.04). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, the correlation was no longer significant (p=0.95). An interaction between BUN/Cr and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was discovered (p=0.03), with a significant correlation between BUN/Cr and three-month outcome in patients with higher HDL (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07, p=0.04). Conclusion: Elevated BUN/Cr is associated with poor three-month outcome in AIS patients with high HDL levels.

Theaflavin Enriched Black Tea Extract Alleviates Diabetic Nephropathy by Suppressing Hyperglycaemia-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Streptozotocin-Induced Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhrubajyoti Sarkar ◽  
Sekhar Kumar Bose ◽  
Tania Chakraborty ◽  
Souvik Roy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Black Tea Extract ◽  
Tea Extract

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a microvascular complication of diabetes has been a significant health issue globally. However, theaflavin enriched black tea extract (BTE-TF) could restrain DN. Objective: The main objective of this exploration was to elucidate the effect of BTE-TF on DN, though the underlying mechanism remains unclear and requires further investigation. Method: The tea leaves were fermented to get black tea extract. Total phenolic content and HPLC were carried out to determine the phenolic content and theaflavin in the extract. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day BTE-TF extract for 12 weeks. Biochemical parameters like blood glucose, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride and antioxidant parameters of kidney tissue were measured. Histology, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were performed to observe the effect of the extract with comparison to the standard drug (Metformin 200mg/kg/day). Result: Treated animals exhibited reduced blood glucose levels, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and serum triglycerides. Further, BTE-TF restored the histological alterations in the kidney. Chronic hyperglycaemia resulted in a significant increase in oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines of NF-kβ pathway. BTE-TF attenuated oxidative stress (p<0.01), inflammation (p<0.05) and apoptosis (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that BTE-TF exerts a protective role against diabetes-induced renal injury by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

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