scholarly journals Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Inflammation but Does Not Restore Renal Function and Klotho Expression in an Adenine-Induced CKD Model

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Henao Agudelo ◽  
Leandro Baia ◽  
Milene Ormanji ◽  
Amandda Santos ◽  
Juliana Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Tubular Dilatation

Background: Chronic kidney disease and inflammation promote loss of Klotho expression. Given the well-established anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids, we aimed to investigate the effect of fish oil supplementation in a model of CKD. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice received supplementation with an adenine-enriched diet (AD, n = 5) or standard diet (CTL, n = 5) for 10 days. Two other experimental groups were kept under the adenine diet for 10 days. Following adenine withdrawal on the 11th day, the animals returned to a standard diet supplemented with fish oil (Post AD-Fish oil, n = 9) or not (Post AD-CTL, n = 9) for an additional period of 7 days. Results: Adenine mice exhibited significantly higher mean serum urea, creatinine, and renal expression of the pro-inflammatory markers Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), in addition to prominent renal fibrosis and reduced renal Klotho gene expression compared to the control. Post AD-Fish oil animals demonstrated a significant reduction of IL-6, C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), and IL-1β compared to Post AD-CTL animals. However, serum creatinine, renal fibrosis, and Klotho were not significantly different in the fish oil-treated group. Furthermore, renal histomorphological changes such as tubular dilatation and interstitial infiltration persisted despite treatment. Conclusions: Fish oil supplementation reduced renal pro-inflammatory markers but was not able to restore renal function nor Klotho expression in an adenine-induced CKD model.

scholarly journals Preconception omega-3 fatty acid supplementation of adult male mice with a history of developmental 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure prevents preterm birth in unexposed female partners

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda E McConaha ◽  
Tianbing Ding ◽  
John A Lucas ◽  
Joe A Arosh ◽  
Kevin G Osteen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

We have recently reported that adult male C57BL/6 mice exposed in utero to the environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) confer an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) to unexposed females. Risk of PTB was coincident with decreased placental progesterone receptor (Pgr) mRNA expression and increased toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) mRNA expression, suggesting that toxicant exposure induced a heightened inflammatory response at the maternal–fetal interface. Since omega-3 fatty acids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity, in this study, we provided TCDD-exposed males a fish oil-enriched diet prior to mating. Although PTB was common in control females mated to TCDD-exposed males on the standard diet, fish oil supplementation of TCDD-exposed males eliminated PTB in unexposed partners. We also determined the influence of preconception, paternal fish oil supplementation on the placental inflammatory response in late pregnancy (E18.5) by examining the expression of Pgr and Tlr4 mRNA as well as the expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). PGDH catabolizes the inflammatory PGE2 to an inactive form; thus, reduced expression of this enzyme would promote tissue inflammation. Compared with control pregnancies, examination of E18.5 placentas arising from TCDD-exposed males on the standard diet revealed a significant increase in Tlr4 mRNA expression corresponding to a reduction in Pgr mRNA and PGDH protein expression. In contrast, fish oil supplementation of toxicant-exposed males led to normalization of placental expression of both Pgr and Tlr4 mRNA and a marked increase in PGDH expression. These studies suggest that a paternal preconception diet that includes omega-3 fatty acids prevents the toxicant-associated increase in the placental inflammatory response at late gestation, preventing PTB.

The effect of fish oil supplementation on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a triple-blind, randomized controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ostadrahimi ◽  
Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Shadi Farshbaf-Khalili ◽  
Nayyer Jafarilar-Agdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of fish oil supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in mother and newborn.Methods:This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 150 pregnant women aged 18–35 years from Feburary 2014 to April 2015 in Tabriz, Iran. Participants were assigned to receive either 1000 mg fish oil supplements containing 180 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 120 mg docosahexanoic acid or placebo from week 20 of gestation to birth. The primary outcome measure was birth weight. Gestational duration, preterm labor low birth weight (LBW), length, head circumference, and maternal serum docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and EPA level at 35–37 weeks were also examined. The statistical analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis.Results:Demographic characteristics were similar in both groups (P>0.05). The mean (SD) birth weight values in the fish oil and placebo groups were 3256 (362) g and 3172 (447) g, respectively (adjusted mean difference (MD)=84.1 g, 95% confidence interval [CI]=−24.8 to 193.2). Five (7.6%) neonates in the placebo versus no case in the fish oil group were born with LBW (P=0.02). The rate of preterm labor was lower in the fish oil group (adjusted OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.16–3.42). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the maternal outcomes (P>0.05) with the exception of the proportion of maternal serum DHA fatty acid at 35–37 weeks (P<0.001).Conclusion:Although low dose fish oil supplementation increased birth weight, its effect was not statistically significant. The frequency of LBW was significantly reduced in the intervention group, but the observed reduction needs to be confirmed in future larger investigations using different doses of omega-3.

scholarly journals Allergic disease in infants up to 2 years of age in relation to plasma omega-3 fatty acids and maternal fish oil supplementation in pregnancy and lactation

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catrin Furuhjelm ◽  
Kristina Warstedt ◽  
Malin Fagerås ◽  
Karin Fälth-Magnusson ◽  
Johanna Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Oral fish oil supplementation raises blood omega-3 levels and lowers C-reactive protein in haemodialysis patients a pilot study

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 3561-3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Saifullah ◽  
B. A. Watkins ◽  
C. Saha ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
S. M. Moe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

scholarly journals Genome-wide association study of fish oil supplementation on lipid traits in 81,246 individuals reveals new gene-diet interaction loci

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. e1009431
Author(s):  
Michael Francis ◽  
Changwei Li ◽  
Yitang Sun ◽  
Jingqi Zhou ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation ◽  
Main Effects

Fish oil supplementation is widely used for reducing serum triglycerides (TAGs) but has mixed effects on other circulating cardiovascular biomarkers. Many genetic polymorphisms have been associated with blood lipids, including high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), total cholesterol, and TAGs. Here, the gene-diet interaction effects of fish oil supplementation on these lipids were analyzed in a discovery cohort of up to 73,962 UK Biobank participants, using a 1-degree-of-freedom (1df) test for interaction effects and a 2-degrees-of-freedom (2df) test to jointly analyze interaction and main effects. Associations with P < 1×10−6 in either test (26,157; 18,300 unique variants) were advanced to replication in up to 7,284 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Replicated associations reaching 1df P < 0.05 (2,175; 1,763 unique variants) were used in meta-analyses. We found 13 replicated and 159 non-replicated (UK Biobank only) loci with significant 2df joint tests that were predominantly driven by main effects and have been previously reported. Four novel interaction loci were identified with 1df P < 5×10−8 in meta-analysis. The lead variant in the GJB6-GJB2-GJA3 gene cluster, rs112803755 (A>G; minor allele frequency = 0.041), shows exclusively interaction effects. The minor allele is significantly associated with decreased TAGs in individuals with fish oil supplementation, but with increased TAGs in those without supplementation. This locus is significantly associated with higher GJB2 expression of connexin 26 in adipose tissue; connexin activity is known to change upon exposure to omega-3 fatty acids. Significant interaction effects were also found in three other loci in the genes SLC12A3 (HDL-C), ABCA6 (LDL-C), and MLXIPL (LDL-C), but highly significant main effects are also present. Our study identifies novel gene-diet interaction effects for four genetic loci, whose effects on blood lipids are modified by fish oil supplementation. These findings highlight the need and possibility for personalized nutrition.

scholarly journals Effect of Diabetes and omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Quality of the Uterus in Mice (P09-007-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Passinho Paz Pontes, Sr. ◽  
Nayala Meireles Teixeira ◽  
Luciana Caperuto ◽  
Fabiola Paula Lopes ◽  
Weber Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
National Council ◽  
Omega 3

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of diabetes and dietary supplementation with fish oil, rich in ω-3 PUFA, on the quality of the uterus in female C57Bl/6J mice. Methods Forty female C57bl/6J mice with eight-week old were divided into four experimental groups: control (C), control treated with fish oil (CF), diabetic (D) and diabetic treated with fish oil (DF). Groups C and CF were fed a standard diet and the diabetic groups D and DF received a hyperlipidic diet. CF and DF groups received 3.5g/kg of fish oil 3 times a week for 10 weeks. At the end of the fourth feeding week, groups D and DF received streptozotocin (40mg/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days, and after one week another streptozotocin dose (100 mg/kg) was injected. The animals were submitted to the glucose and insulin tolerance tests and after were mated and the uterus collected 3,5 days after mating. Body mass gain, energy, food and water intake, serum levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol (TC), insulinemia, protein expression of proteins related to apoptosis, reticulum stress and autophagy, and uterine tissue histology were analyzed. Results The diabetic animals had increased fasting glucose, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, reduced serologic levels of insulin, reduction of food consumption without alteration in energy consumption and increase of water consumption and TC. In the diabetic animals, there was also a reduction of activated caspase-3, LC3A/B, ubiquitin and endometrial and uterus areas. Treatment with fish oil improved insulin sensitivity, increased levels of these proteins and the areas of the endometrium and uterus. These data suggest that the decrease in the proteins related to apoptosis, autophagy and protein degradation in the uterus of diabetic animals may be one of the mechanisms by which DM decreases the endometrial thickness and consequently the success of the embryo implantation and additionally that the fish oil treatment can improve these parameters. Conclusions Dietary supplementation with ω-3 PUFA may improve uterine quality and probably also female fertility, compromised in diabetic animals. Funding Sources Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPQ); Coordination of Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES).

scholarly journals Seafood, fatty acid biosynthesis genes, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1476-1485
Author(s):  
Annette Langer-Gould ◽  
Lucinda J Black ◽  
Emmanuelle Waubant ◽  
Jessica B Smith ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Kaiser Permanente ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Background: The role of omega-3 fatty acid in multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility is unclear. Objective: To determine whether fish/seafood intake or genetic factors that regulate omega-3 fatty acids levels are associated with MS risk. Methods: We examined the association of fish and shrimp consumption and 13 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FADS1, FADS2, and ELOV2 with risk of MS in 1153 individuals from the MS Sunshine Study, a case-control study of incident MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), recruited from Kaiser Permanente Southern California. Results: Consuming fish/seafood at least once a week or at least once a month with regular fish oil use was associated with 44% reduced odds of MS/CIS (adjusted OR = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.41–0.76; p = 0.0002) compared with consuming fish/seafood less than once a month and no fish oil supplementation. Two FADS2 SNPs (rs174611 and rs174618) were independently associated with a lower risk of MS (adjusted ORs = 0.74, 0.79, p = 0.0056, 0.0090, respectively). Association of FADS2 SNPs with MS risk was confirmed in an independent dataset. Conclusion: These findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acid intake may be an important modifiable risk factor for MS. This is consistent with the other known health benefits of fish consumption and complementary genetic studies supporting a key role for omega-3 regulation.

PSII-18 The effects of fish oil supplementation on markers of inflammation and skeletal muscle and adipose growth in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
Lillian L Okamoto ◽  
Caleb C Reichhardt ◽  
Sierra Lopez ◽  
Anthony F Alberto ◽  
Reganne K Briggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Abstract Omega-3 fatty acids have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this project was to determine the effects of fish oil, a source of omega-3 fatty acids, on genes involved in inflammation and growth of skeletal muscle tissue after an LPS challenge. Male Landrace-New Hampshire weaned piglets (BW 8.21±0.83 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to two treatments: 1) basal diet (n=7) and 2) basal diet plus 3% fish oil added (n = 7). Treatments were fed for 35 d. On d 34, an LPS challenge was performed and 24 h later, piglets were euthanized and skeletal muscle samples were collected from the longissimus lumborum and biceps femoris. Total mRNA was isolated and markers of inflammation [cyclophilin (Cyclo), nuclear factor kappa beta subunit-1 (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], skeletal muscle growth [paired box transcription factor-7 (Pax7), myogenic factor-5 (Myf5), myoblast determination factor-1 (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG)] and adipose growth (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARy), leptin, and adiponectin) were analyzed. Cyclophilin abundance was increased (P = 0.03) in fish-oil piglets compared to control piglets. Other markers of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-kB) were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by fish-oil supplementation. Abundance of Myf5 was lower (P = 0.03) in fish oil piglets than control piglets. Other myogenic regulatory factors (Pax7, MyoD, MyoG) were not (P &gt; 0.05) altered by treatment. Abundance of PPARy, leptin or adiponectin was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by fish-oil supplementation. Muscle location influenced (P &lt; 0.01) abundance of leptin and adiponectin, with abundance being higher in the biceps femoris than in the longissimus lumborum. No other genes analyzed were impacted by muscle location (P &gt; 0.05). Our findings suggest that supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids via fish-oil may affect the inflammatory response and skeletal muscle growth. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of these results on animal production.

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