scholarly journals Magnetic Mg-Fe/LDH Intercalated Activated Carbon Composites for Nitrate and Phosphate Removal from Wastewater: Insight into Behavior and Mechanisms

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Alagha ◽  
Mohammad Saood Manzar ◽  
Mukarram Zubair ◽  
Ismail Anil ◽  
Nuhu Dalhat Mu’azu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Nitrate Adsorption ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Magnetically Separable ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

This experimental work focused on the synthesis, characterization, and testing of a unique, magnetically separable, and eco-friendly adsorbent composite material for the advanced treatment and efficient removal of nitrate and phosphate pollutants from wastewater. The MgAl-augmented double-layered hydroxide (Mg-Fe/LDH) intercalated with sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC-MgFe) composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, BET, VSM, SEM, and TEM techniques, revealing homogeneous and efficient dispersion of MgFe/LDH within the activated carbon (AC) matrix, a highly mesoporous structure, and superparamagnetic characteristics. The initial solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature parameters were optimized in order to reach the best removal performance for both pollutants. The maximum adsorption capacities of phosphate and nitrate were found to be 110 and 54.5 mg/g, respectively. The competition between phosphate and coexisting ions (Cl−, CO32−, and SO42−) was studied and found to be remarkably lower in comparison with the nitrate adsorption. The adsorption mechanisms were elucidated by kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic modeling, and post-adsorption characterizations of the composite. Modeling and mechanistic studies demonstrated that physisorption processes such as electrostatic attraction and ion exchange mainly governed the nitrate and phosphate adsorption. The composite indicated an outstanding regeneration performance even after five sequences of adsorption/desorption cycles. The fabricated composite with magnetically separable characteristics can be used as a promising adsorbent for the removal of phosphate and nitrate pollutants from wastewater.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis of sucrose activated carbon for nutrient removal in water

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Sara Jamaliniya ◽  
O. D. Basu ◽  
Saumya Suresh ◽  
Eustina Musvoto ◽  
Alexis Mackintosh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Nitrate Adsorption

Abstract A renewable, green activated carbon made from sucrose (sugar) was compared with traditional bituminous coal-based granular activated carbon (GAC). Single and multi-component competitive adsorption of nitrate and phosphate from water was investigated. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were fitted to data obtained from the nitrate and phosphate adsorption experiments. Nitrate adsorption fits closely to either Freundlich or Langmuir model for sucrose activated carbon (SAC) and GAC with a Langmuir adsorption capacity of 7.98 and 6.38 mg/g, respectively. However, phosphate adsorption on SAC and GAC demonstrated a selective fit with the Langmuir model with an adsorption capacity of 1.71 and 2.07 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that adsorption of nitrate and phosphate follow pseudo-second-order kinetics with rate constant values of 0.061 and 0.063 g/(mg h), respectively. Competitive studies between nitrate and phosphate were demonstrated in preferential nitrate removal with GAC and preferential phosphate removal with SAC. Furthermore, nitrate and phosphate removals decreased from 75% removal to 35% removal when subject to multi-component solutions, which highlights the need for adsorption analysis in complex systems. Overall, SAC proved to be competitive with GAC in the removal of inorganic contaminants and may represent a green alternative to coal-based activated carbon.

scholarly journals Removal and Regeneration of Iron (III) from Water Using New Treated Fluorapatite Extracted from Natural Phosphate as Adsorbent

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13130-13140
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Natural Phosphate ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Our study aims to evaluate the efficiency of dissolved iron (III) retention in synthetic solutions by adsorption on treated natural phosphate collected in the Khouribga region. This research focused on the valorization of phosphate, a naturally occurring resource that is abundant in Morocco. The resulting products were analyzed by various methods, including FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this work, we studied the effect of several parameters such as adsorbent amount, contact time, solution pH, and initial concentration of iron (III) on the adsorption process. The results of the adsorption of iron (III) indicate that the efficiency was achieved after 5 minutes, and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 26.18 mg g-1. The regeneration and reuse of synthesized adsorbent are effective for five cycles of adsorption-desorption cycles without reducing adsorption capacity.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon Impregnated by Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles (AC/nZVI) Optimized for Simultaneous Adsorption Furfural: Green Synthesis, Regeneration, Characterization, and Adsorption-Desorption Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Rashtbari ◽  
Shirin Afshin ◽  
Asghar Hamzezadeh ◽  
Soumya Ghosh ◽  
Ayoob Rastegar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Surface Adsorption ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract Furfural is an organic aromatic compound that has attracted considerable interest as a potential chemical for the production of biochemical and biofuels. However, furfural has proved to possess ecotoxic effect on the environment and to humans, therefore measures are required to prevent these effects. One of the most widely used methods for eliminating furfural is the surface adsorption process.The present study focused on the structure and morphology of the composite nanoparticles, investigated using FTIR, XRD, BET and FE-SEM techniques.Furthermore, the variables of time, solution pH, dosage composite and initial furfural were evaluated. Furfural adsorption was performed by spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 227 nm. The removal efficiency under optimal conditions for furfural (Furfural concentration of 250 mg/L, the composite dose of 4 g/L, the reaction time of 60 min and pH = 7) was 81.46%. In addition, the study of isotherm and adsorption kinetics for furfural showed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm and quasi-quadratic kinetics. The qmax of the composite was determined by the Langmuir model of222.22 mg/g. Therefore, the present study exclusively showedthat the activated carbon coated with nZVI nanoparticles used as an effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent for furfural removal from aqueous solutions. Furthermore, this study could possibly have applied for the adsorbtion of other chemical cmpounds such as dyes,metronidazole,aniline.

scholarly journals The Removal Performance and Mechanisms of Tetracycline Over Mn-rich Limonite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Wang ◽  
Hanlin Wang ◽  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Xuehua Zou ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ft Ir

Abstract Naturally occurring Mn-rich limonite mainly composed of goethite and manganese oxides was used to remove tetracycline (TC) from the aqueous solution. The physicochemical properties of limonite were illustrated by various characterization techniques such as XRD, FE-TEM, XPS and FT-IR. The effects of dosage, initial solution pH, temperature and coexisting anions on TC removal were investigated. The results showed that TC could be efficiently adsorbed by limonite with high specific surface area and mesoporous structure through electrostatic interaction and complexation. The co-existence of PO43- inhibited the adsorption of TC by limonite due to the competition with TC for active sites. In addition, manganese oxides exhibited oxidative properties to TC, and the singlet oxygen (1O2) generated during the redox reaction was responsible for TC degradation. Furthermore, the regenerated limonite displayed an efficient recycling performance after four cycles. This study revealed that the Mn-rich limonite was a promising adsorbent for TC removal from aqueous solutions and promoted the application of natural mineral material in the environmental field.

scholarly journals Study of phosphate removal from aqueous solution by zinc oxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 704-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Suiyi Zhu ◽  
Zhongmou Liu ◽  
Jiancong Liu ◽  
Mingxin Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Base Interaction

Zinc oxide (ZnO) was synthesized and used to investigate the mechanism of phosphate removal from aqueous solution. ZnO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy before and after adsorption. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the kinetics, isotherms, effects of initial pH and co-existing anions. The adsorption process was rapid and equilibrium was almost reached within 150 min. The adsorption kinetics were described well by a pseudo-second-order equation, and the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity was 163.4 mg/g at 298 K and pH ∼6.2 ± 0.1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated the phosphate adsorption onto ZnO was endothermic and spontaneous. The point of zero charge of ZnO was around 8.4 according to the pH-drift method. Phosphate adsorption capacity reduced with the increasing initial solution pH values. The ligand exchange and Lewis acid-base interaction dominated the adsorption process in the lower and the higher pH range, respectively. Nitrate, sulfate and chloride ions had a negligible effect on phosphate removal, while carbonate displayed significant inhibition behavior.

Synthesis and Characterization of MCM-41 Molecular Sieves Nanoparticals

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qin Wang ◽  
Yang Han ◽  
Xiu Jun Fu ◽  
Hai Tao Wu ◽  
E Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Mcm 41

Nanoparticals of MCM-41 molecular sieves were synthesized at near room temperature with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template agent. The prepared samples were characterized by the means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption tests, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The results suggested that morphology of MCM-41 molecular sieves samples with high crystallinity was almost uniform spherical, and the particles size was almost less than 100 nm. The adsorption-desorption isotherms were corresponded to typical type IV isotherms with the hysteresis loop of type H2, which showed the samples had mesoporous structure. The pore size distribution of samples were 1.69 nm and 3.58 nm, and the specific surface areas was up to 752.23 m2/g. The decomposition temperature of template agent CTAB was around 327 °C, while the framework for MCM-41molecular sieves was stable. So MCM-41 molecular sieve samples synthesized at near room temperature had excellent physical properties.

Synthesis of Ni(II)-imprinted Mesoporous Silica Adsorbents by Surface Imprinting Technology for Removal of Ni(II) from Aqueous Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Xiang Guo Meng ◽  
Wen Lu Guo ◽  
Min Luo ◽  
Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Surface Imprinting ◽  
Surface Imprinting Technique ◽  
Silica Adsorbents ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Surface Imprinting Technology ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Ni(II)-imprinted polymer has been prepared by surface imprinting technique based on support matrix of mesoporous silica SBA-15. The obtained adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. The compound retained mesoporous structure and the polymer coated inside channels and outside surface hole wall. The adsorption behavior was carried out with Ni(II)-IIP in batch experiments. The results suggested that Ni(II)-IIP could be used as an excellent adsorbent for efficient removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution.

Rice Straw and Rice Straw Ash as Precursor for Synthesis of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves MCM-41

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1391-1394
Author(s):  
Xiao Hong Tang ◽  
Bao Jun Li ◽  
Cheng Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Mesoporous Molecular Sieves ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Straw Ash ◽  
Mcm 41

In this paper, rice straw (RS) and rice straw ash (RSA) were employed to synthesize mesoporous molecular sieves MCM-41 in an open-vessel. The structure of as-synthesized MCM-41 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) spectrum, NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. RS-MCM-41 and RSA-MCM-41 possess the same typical hexagonal mesoporous structure with high long-range order and crystalline degree as those of MCM-41 from water glass (SDS-MCM-41).

scholarly journals Effects of Ferrihydrite-Impregnated Powdered Activated Carbon on Phosphate Removal and Biofouling of Ultrafiltration Membrane

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1178
Author(s):  
Jenyuk Lohwacharin ◽  
Thitiwut Maliwan ◽  
Hideki Osawa ◽  
Satoshi Takizawa
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pore Blockage

The presence of multiple contaminant species in surface waters makes surface water treatment difficult to accomplish through a single process. Herein, we evaluated the ability of an integrated adsorption/ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filtration system to simultaneously remove phosphates and dissolved organic matter (DOM). When bare powdered activated carbon (PAC) and PAC impregnated with amorphous ferrihydrite (FHPAC) adsorbents were compared, FHPAC showed a greater adsorption rate and capacity for phosphate. FHPAC had a phosphate adsorption capacity of 2.32 mg PO43−/g FHPAC, even when DOM was present as a competing adsorbate. In a lab-scale hybrid FHPAC-UF system (i.e. integrated adsorption by FHPAC with UF membrane filtration), irreversible membrane fouling was ca. three times lower than that in a PAC-UF system. When membrane fouling in the PAC-UF system was described with pore blockage models, we found that the main cause of fouling was bacterial deposition on the membrane surface. CLSM analysis determined that the chemical composition of foulants in the PAC-UF system included higher proportions of proteins, nucleic acids, and alpha-polysaccharides than that in the FHPAC-UF system. Overall, FHPAC’s ability to undergo ligand exchanges with DOM helped to reduce the nutrients and bacteria that cause biofouling to accumulate on the membrane surface.

scholarly journals Application of Activated Carbon Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground Wastes to Effective Terbium Recovery from Liquid Solutions

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 630
Author(s):  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
Dayana Nathaly Saquinga ◽  
Francisco J. Alguacil ◽  
Esther Escudero ◽  
Félix A. López
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

A process aimed at the recovery of terbium from liquid solutions using activated carbon (AC) derived from spent coffee grounds (SCG) was assessed. AC was obtained using the hydro-alcoholic treatment of SCG, followed by the physical activation of the as-obtained product. The AC exhibited both microporous and mesoporous structures, which were shown by the corresponding nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. In addition, a certain graphitic character was found in the micro-Raman measurements. By use of this AC, terbium adsorption was investigated, and the influence of solution pH, temperature, and the adsorbent amount on terbium uptake was tested. In addition, adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies were also evaluated. The best fit was found for the type-1 Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Thermodynamic studies revealed that terbium adsorption is an endothermic and spontaneous process. Terbium desorption by the use of acidic solutions was also investigated. This work demonstrated that it is possible to recover this valuable metal from liquid solution using the present AC.

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