scholarly journals Application of Activated Carbon Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground Wastes to Effective Terbium Recovery from Liquid Solutions

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 630
Author(s):  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
Dayana Nathaly Saquinga ◽  
Francisco J. Alguacil ◽  
Esther Escudero ◽  
Félix A. López
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

A process aimed at the recovery of terbium from liquid solutions using activated carbon (AC) derived from spent coffee grounds (SCG) was assessed. AC was obtained using the hydro-alcoholic treatment of SCG, followed by the physical activation of the as-obtained product. The AC exhibited both microporous and mesoporous structures, which were shown by the corresponding nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. In addition, a certain graphitic character was found in the micro-Raman measurements. By use of this AC, terbium adsorption was investigated, and the influence of solution pH, temperature, and the adsorbent amount on terbium uptake was tested. In addition, adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies were also evaluated. The best fit was found for the type-1 Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Thermodynamic studies revealed that terbium adsorption is an endothermic and spontaneous process. Terbium desorption by the use of acidic solutions was also investigated. This work demonstrated that it is possible to recover this valuable metal from liquid solution using the present AC.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon prepared from Coconut Shell

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Masuma Sultana Ripa ◽  
Rafat Mahmood ◽  
Sabrina Khan ◽  
Easir A Khan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Solution Ph

Adsorption separation of phenol from aqueous solution using activated carbon was investigated in this work. The adsorbent was prepared from coconut shell and activated by physical activation method. The coconut shell was first carbonized at 800°C under nitrogen atmosphere and activated by CO2 at the same temperature for one hour. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and BET Surface Analyzer and by the determination of iodine number as well as Boehm titration. The iodine number indicates the degree of relative activation of the adsorbent. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm phenol from aqueous solution was performed using liquid phase batch adsorption experiments. The effect of experimental parameters including solution pH, agitation time, particle size, temperature and initial concentration was investigated. The equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption model to describe the adsorption isotherm and estimate the adsorption isotherm parameters. The results indicate the potential use of the adsorbent for removal of phenol from the aqueous solution.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 9-13

Removal of Cu, Fe, and Zn from Peat Water by Using Activated Carbon Derived from Oil Palm Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 1162 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Rakhmawati Farma ◽  
Ona Lestari ◽  
Erman Taer ◽  
Apriwandi ◽  
Minarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Turbidity Level ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Heavy metal such as Cu, Fe, and Zn are the most serious contributers to environmental problems. The removal of heavy metal from the environment is the research interest nowdays. The adsorption of Cu, Fe and Zn from wastewater was investigated with various activated carbons as adsorbents. The activated carbons were produced from oil palm leaves by using multi-activation methods. The H3PO4, NaOH, ZnCl2 and KOH were chosen as chemical activating agents. Batch adsorption experiment was used to test the ability of activated carbon to remove Cu, Fe, and Zn from wastewater. The surface characteristics of activated carbon were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The Activated carbons were able to purify wastewater with a maximum turbidity level of 2.83 NTU. The AC-H3PO4 activated carbon showed the highest absorbability of Cu metal as 91.540%, while the highest absorbabilities of Zn and Fe metals were indicated by AC-KOH activated carbon of 22.853% and 82.244% absorption respectively. Therefore, these results enable the oil palm leaves to become a high potential for activated carbon as removal the heavy metals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Marine AlgaeGracilariaand its Activated Carbon for the Adsorption of Ni(II) from Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Esmaeili ◽  
P. Beirami ◽  
S. Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Equation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The batch removal of Ni2+from aqueous solution and wastewater using marine dried (MD) red algaeGracilariaand its activated carbon (AC) was studied. For these experiments, adsorption of Ni2+was used to form two biomasses of AC and MD. Both methods used different pH values, biomass and initial concentration of Ni2+. Subsequently adsorption models and kinetic studies were carried out. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were 83.55% and 99.04% for MD and AC respectively developed from it. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir adsorption model. The nickel(II) uptake by the biosorbents was best described by pseudo-second order rate model. The kinetic studies showed that the heavy metal uptake was observed more rapidly by the AC with compared to MD. AC method developed from MD biomass exhibited higher biosorption capacity. Adsorption capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were for AC method. The capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The equilibrium adsorption data are correlated by Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption kinetic data can be described by the second order kinetic models

scholarly journals Activated Carbon Impregnated by Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles (AC/nZVI) Optimized for Simultaneous Adsorption Furfural: Green Synthesis, Regeneration, Characterization, and Adsorption-Desorption Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Rashtbari ◽  
Shirin Afshin ◽  
Asghar Hamzezadeh ◽  
Soumya Ghosh ◽  
Ayoob Rastegar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Surface Adsorption ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract Furfural is an organic aromatic compound that has attracted considerable interest as a potential chemical for the production of biochemical and biofuels. However, furfural has proved to possess ecotoxic effect on the environment and to humans, therefore measures are required to prevent these effects. One of the most widely used methods for eliminating furfural is the surface adsorption process.The present study focused on the structure and morphology of the composite nanoparticles, investigated using FTIR, XRD, BET and FE-SEM techniques.Furthermore, the variables of time, solution pH, dosage composite and initial furfural were evaluated. Furfural adsorption was performed by spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 227 nm. The removal efficiency under optimal conditions for furfural (Furfural concentration of 250 mg/L, the composite dose of 4 g/L, the reaction time of 60 min and pH = 7) was 81.46%. In addition, the study of isotherm and adsorption kinetics for furfural showed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm and quasi-quadratic kinetics. The qmax of the composite was determined by the Langmuir model of222.22 mg/g. Therefore, the present study exclusively showedthat the activated carbon coated with nZVI nanoparticles used as an effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent for furfural removal from aqueous solutions. Furthermore, this study could possibly have applied for the adsorbtion of other chemical cmpounds such as dyes,metronidazole,aniline.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of soybean straw activated carbon for natural gas storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliusman ◽  
Nasruddin ◽  
Yugo WidhiNugroho ◽  
Hizba IlmiNaf’an ◽  
Jervis Sinto
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Capacity Surface ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) can be developed through its porous adsorbent, especially activated carbon (AC) which has larger specific surface area. AC made of soybean straw is developed because of its abundance as agricultural waste in Indonesia and high lignocellulosic content. AC is produced in 500°C furnace for 1 hour with nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/minute. For AC production, variations of chemical activating agents utilizing ZnCl2 and KOH and the concentration NiO as modification substance are made in this paper. Characterizations are made through iodine number, SEM, EDX, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption for obtaining data of adsorption capacity, surface topography, main composition, and particles specification. ZnCl2 activated carbon shows better result with iodine number of 577.73 mg/g and SBET of 741.26 m2/g, and the second-best is found in 2%-NiO-modified ZnCl2 activated carbon with iodine number of 534.79 mg/g and SBET of 632.24 m2/g. It is concluded that development of soybean straw as activated carbon precursor is still needed to obtain larger SBETand better adsorption capacity.

Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Hydroxyl-Aluminum Pillared Montmorillonite

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-550
Author(s):  
Houria Rezala Houria Rezala ◽  
Houda Douba Houda Douba ◽  
Horiya Boukhatem and Amaya Romero Horiya Boukhatem and Amaya Romero
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonite ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

A purified raw montmorillonite and hydroxy-aluminum pillared montmorillonite have been prepared from a natural bentonite from Maghnia, Algeria. These materials have been analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement. The pillared montmorillonite provided a certain increase of interlayer basal spacing and BET surface area and consequently the improvement of its capacities adsorption and decolorization of Methylene Blue. The adsorption properties of these materials were studied as a function of contact time, solution pH, initial Methylene Blue concentration and temperature. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were well fitted by pseudo-second order and Freundlich models, respectively. In addition to that, thermodynamic studies showed an exothermic and a spontaneous process.

Supercapacitor Carbon Monoliths Electrodes from Activation of Precarbonized Biomass Fibers Added with Cellulose Powder

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
Sepideh Soltaninejad ◽  
Mohamad Deraman ◽  
Rusli Daik ◽  
N.S.M. Nor ◽  
B.N.M. Dolah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Carbon Monolith ◽  
Voltammetry Methods ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Activated Carbon Monolith ◽  
Porous Activated Carbon

Fibers of oil palm empty fruit bunches were carbonized at low temperature, milled and sieved to produce self-adhesive carbon grain (SACG). Grain monolith (GMs) of SACG added with 0 %, 20 % and 40 % cellulose powder were carbonized and activated to produce porous activated carbon monolith (ACMs) supercapacitor electrodes. ACMs were investigated by nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm and cyclic voltammetry methods to determine the effect of cellulose on the porosity and specific capacitance of the electrodes, respectively. The results showed that the addition of cellulose in GMs reduced the specific surface area of the ACMs by a factor of 94 % to 97 %, coresponding to a decrease of 31 % to 54 % in the values of specific capacitor of the ACMs supercapacitor cells.

Platinum(IV) Chloride Complex Ions Adsorption on Activated Carbon Organosorb 10CO

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Wojnicki ◽  
Ewa Rudnik ◽  
Robert P. Socha ◽  
Krzysztof Fitzner
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Chloride Complex ◽  
Complex Ions ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Platinum Recovery

Kinetic studies on the recovery of platinum(iv) chloride complex ions from acidic solutions using commercially available activated carbon (AC) were carried out using spectrophotometric methods. The overall process obeyed first-order reaction model. The overall process is complex and consists of two steps: the first one is related to the reversible adsorption–desorption of PtIV complex and the second one is related to the reduction of PtIV complex on the AC surface. The first step of the overall process was limited by diffusion, whereas the second step ran under kinetic control. The activation energies of the individual reactions in both steps were determined and corresponded to 18.27, 7.85, and 31.2 kJ mol–1 for the adsorption, desorption, and reduction reactions, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed that the chemical reaction was related to the reduction of PtIV to PtII on the AC surface. The results show that the investigated AC can be applied for platinum recovery from highly diluted aqueous systems.

Characterization of Activated Carbon from Wood Sawdust Prepared via Chemical Activation Using Potassium Hydroxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azry Borhan ◽  
Mohd Faisal Taha ◽  
Athirah Amer Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Activation Conditions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The preparation of activated carbon from wood-based industrys residue is one of the most environmental friendly solutions of transforming negative-valued wastes to valuable materials. Wood sawdust was first chemically activated using potassium hydroxide, KOH and characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms measured in Micrometrices ASAP 2020 and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). By manipulating three different parameters, the optimal activation conditions were found at temperature of 500°C, activation time of 60 min and impregnation ratio of 1:3. Results showed that the BET surface area, total pore volume and diameter of activated carbon were 1876.16 m2g-1, 0.88 cm3g-1and 6.93 nm, respectively. Nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherm analysis proved the existence of mesopores in activated carbon produced, suggesting that it can be effectively used as an adsorption material.

Capillary Adsorption of Nanostructure Carbonic Materials for Nitrobenzene in Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 1717-1720
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Sun ◽  
Ai Min Zhang ◽  
Bing Cheng Peng ◽  
Zong Tang Liu ◽  
Zheng Hao Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Capillary Condensation ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The aims of this work were to make use of carbonic materials to remove nitrobenzene in wastewater and investigate adsorption mechanism. The adsorption ability of different carbonic materials for nitrobenzene was compared. It was found that carbon nanotubes and carbon black exhibited higher adsorptive capacity than coconut activated carbon and granular activated carbon at the same experimental conditions. The specific surface areas and pore distribution was obtained by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption. We concluded that the capillary condensation in mesopores played an important role in the adsorption process owing to special nanostructure of carbon nanotubes and carbon black.

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