scholarly journals Patient-Derived Tumor Chemosensitization of GKB202, an Antrodia Cinnamomea Mycelium-Derived Bioactive Compound

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 6018
Author(s):  
Tsung-Ju Li ◽  
Ting-Wei Lin ◽  
Shih-Pei Wu ◽  
Hsin-Tung Chu ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cell ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Antrodia Cinnamomea ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Related Mortality

Oral cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancers are the three most common cancers, leading to 18,000 cases of cancer-related mortality in Taiwan per year. To bridge the gap towards clinical translation, we developed a circulating tumor cell (CTC) organoid culture workflow that efficiently expands CTC from patients to test Antrodia Cinnamomea mycelium-derived bioactive compounds. Three ACM-derived bioactive compounds were evaluated for tumor chemosensitization characteristics. Significant and consistent cytotoxic/5-FU sensitizing effects of GKB202 were found on 8 different patient-derived tumors. Acute toxicity profile and hepatic metabolism of GKB202 in rats suggest GKB202 is rapidly cleared by liver and is well tolerated up to the dose of 20 mg/kg. This comprehensive study provides new evidence that liquid fermentation of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelium (ACM) contains bioactive compounds that lead to effective control of CTC, especially when combined with 5-FU. Together, these data suggest ACM-derived GKB202 may be considered for further clinical investigation in the context of 5-FU-based combination therapy.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Extraction of Bioactive Compounds From Green Soybean Pods and Application in Green Soybean Milk Antioxidants Fortification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noppol Leksawasdi ◽  
Siraphat Taesuwan ◽  
Trakul Prommajak ◽  
Charin Techapun ◽  
Rattanaporn Khonchaisri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Soybean Milk

Abstract Green soybean (Glycine max L.) pods (GSP) are agro-industrial waste from the production of frozen green soybean and milk. These pods contain natural antioxidants and various bioactive compounds that are still underutilized. Polyphenols and flavonoids in GSP were extracted by ultrasound techniques and used in antioxidant fortification of green soybean milk. The ultrasound extraction that yielded the highest total polyphenol content was 50% amplitude for 10 min, whereas maximum flavonoids content was obtained at 50% amplitude for 15 min. Radical scavenging activity assayed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the two conditions. Response surface methodology was applied to analyze an optimum ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) condition of these variables. The highest desirability was found to be 50% amplitude with extraction time of 12.5 min. Fortification of the GSP extracts (1-3% v/v) in green soybean milk resulted in higher levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. Procyanidins were found to be the main polyphenols in dried GSP which were present at the concentration of 104.1 ± 2.1 mg/g dry sample, respectively. Addition of GSP extracts obtained by using an ultrasound technique to green soybean milk increased its bioactive compound content especially procyanidins as well as its antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Enhancing or Inhibitory Effect of Fruit or Vegetable Bioactive Compound on Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Gülru Bulkan ◽  
Sitaresmi Sitaresmi ◽  
Gerarda Tania Yudhanti ◽  
Ria Millati ◽  
Rachma Wikandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Processing Wastes

Fruit and vegetable processing wastes are global challenges but also suitable sources with a variety of nutrients for different fermentative products using bacteria, yeast or fungi. The interaction of microorganisms with bioactive compounds in fruit waste can have inhibitory or enhancing effect on microbial growth. In this study, the antimicrobial effect of 10 bioactive compounds, including octanol, ellagic acid, (−)-epicatechin, quercetin, betanin, ascorbic acid, limonene, hexanal, car-3-ene, and myrcene in the range of 0–240 mg/L on filamentous fungi Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger were investigated. These fungi were both found to be resistant to all compounds except octanol, which can be used as a natural antifungal agent, specifically against A. oryzae and A. niger contamination. On the contrary, polyphenols (quercetin and ellagic acid), ascorbic acid, and hexanal enhanced A. niger biomass yield 28%, 7.8%, 16%, and 6%, respectively. Furthermore, 240 mg/L car-3-ene was found to increase A. oryzae biomass yield 8%, while a 9% decrease was observed at lower concentration, 24 mg/L. Similarly, up to 17% decrease of biomass yield was observed from betanin and myrcene. The resistant nature of the fungi against FPW bioactive compounds shows the potential of these fungi for further application in waste valorization.

scholarly journals Kombucha Tea—A Double Power of Bioactive Compounds from Tea and Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeasts (SCOBY)

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1541
Author(s):  
Hubert Antolak ◽  
Dominik Piechota ◽  
Aleksandra Kucharska
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Kombucha Tea ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Herb Extracts

Kombucha is a low alcoholic beverage with high content of bioactive compounds derived from plant material (tea, juices, herb extracts) and metabolic activity of microorganisms (acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeasts). Currently, it attracts an increasing number of consumers due to its health-promoting properties. This review focuses on aspects significantly affecting the bioactive compound content and biological activities of Kombucha tea. The literature review shows that the drink is characterized by a high content of bioactive compounds, strong antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Factors that substantially affect these activities are the tea type and its brewing parameters, the composition of the SCOBY, as well as the fermentation parameters. On the other hand, Kombucha fermentation is characterized by many unknowns, which result, inter alia, from different methods of tea extraction, diverse, often undefined compositions of microorganisms used in the fermentation, as well as the lack of clearly defined effects of microorganisms on bioactive compounds contained in tea, and therefore the health-promoting properties of the final product. The article indicates the shortcomings in the current research in the field of Kombucha, as well as future perspectives on improving the health-promoting activities of this fermented drink.

scholarly journals Prospects of Aloe vera and its Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes: Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Jagat Chauhan ◽  
Mohan Kumar ◽  
Chetan Kumar Joshi ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Control Of Diabetes

Diabetes is a significant public health issue. The global diabetes epidemic has had a tremendous impact on India, and the disease burden has increased dramatically. Diabetes is quickly increasing in prevalence, especially in Indian cities, according to data. Therefore, an ideal drug is sought that has better safety and tolerability and the most effective control of diabetes. Many effective medications come from plant sources. Natural products like onion and garlic can effectively control diabetes. In this review, we should pay attention to Aloe vera and its bioactive compounds, that with the development of traditional medicine, Aloe vera can be used to treat various diseases. Some reports have questioned the safety and efficacy of Aloe vera or its compounds, especially at different doses, and some studies have shown no side effects. In this review we also focus on benefits on human health so that Aloe vera is part of the daily diet in many countries and appears to be non-toxic, it is necessary to investigate whether aloe vera dietary supplement can be a beneficial preventive or nutritional mitigation strategy to reduce the effects of diabetes. This review focuses on Aloe vera and its biologically active compounds that play a role in the treatment or prevention of this morbid disease: diabetes, including its underlying mechanism of blood sugar lowering properties, and herbal products that have been marketed for the treatment of diabetes or the therapeutic effect of diabetes.

scholarly journals HCIP: An Online database for prediction CYP450 Enzyme Inhibition potential of bioactive compounds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-255
Author(s):  
Sabarathinam Sarvesh ◽  
Preethi L ◽  
Haripritha Meganathan ◽  
M Arjun Gokulan ◽  
Dhivya Dhanasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Cyp3a4 Inhibitor ◽  
Online Database ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cyp450 Enzyme

Background: Concomitant administration of herbal medicine and conventional may lead to severe metabolism-oriented herb-drug interactions. However, detecting herb-drug interaction is expensive and higher time-consuming. Several computer-aided techniques have been proposed in recent years to predict drug interactions. However, most of the methods cannot predict herb-drug interactions effectively. Methods: Canonical SMILES of bioactive compounds was gathered from the PubChem online database, and its inhibition details were gathered PKCSM from the webserver. Results: By searching the bioactive compound name in the search bar of “The Herb-CYP450 Enzyme Inhibition Predictor online database” (HCIP- http://hcip.in/), it will provide the liver enzyme inhibition profile of the selected bioactive compound. For example; Guggulsterone:  CYP3A4 inhibitor.  Conclusion: The Herb-CYP450 Enzyme Inhibition Predictor online database is very peculiar and easy to determine the inhibition profile of the targeted bioactive compound. Keywords: CYP450; Enzyme inhibition; Bioactive Compounds; Online database; Herb-Drug Interaction

scholarly journals Characterization and Bioactive Compound Analysis of Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus

Marinade ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Azwin Apriandi ◽  
Kustiariyah Tarman ◽  
Purwantiningsih Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Meretrix Meretrix ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Yellowish White

Meretrix meretrix was one of gastropods seawater has been used by people as a food. These shells are still categorized of bycatch and have not explored the benefits. This study aimed to characterize and analyze the content of bioactive Meretrix meretrix. This research was conducted morphological characterization shellfish sensory, measurement of yield, the content of the proximate analysis, heavy metals and analysis of bioactive compounds from the extracts of water and methanol. Observation found that the Meretrix meretrix has a yellowish white color with black bars at the end of the shell and the white meat and chewy with a yield of meat and shells of 11.09% and 69.85%. Analysis of water content, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates respectively by 79.99%, 1.50%, 0.22%, 9.42%, and 8.81%. Heavy metal obtained 8x10-4 ppm Hg content, 13x10-4 ppm Pb, Cd, and Cu 45x10-4 and 88x10-4 ppm. Bioactive compounds in water and methanol extract of shellfish Lamis including alkaloids, steroids, and saponins.

scholarly journals Lesson from Ecotoxicity: Revisiting the Microbial Lipopeptides for the Management of Emerging Diseases for Crop Protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1434
Author(s):  
Deepti Malviya ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sahu ◽  
Udai B. Singh ◽  
Surinder Paul ◽  
Amrita Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition

Microorganisms area treasure in terms of theproduction of various bioactive compounds which are being explored in different arenas of applied sciences. In agriculture, microbes and their bioactive compounds are being utilized in growth promotion and health promotion withnutrient fortification and its acquisition. Exhaustive explorations are unraveling the vast diversity of microbialcompounds with their potential usage in solving multiferous problems incrop production. Lipopeptides are one of such microbial compounds which havestrong antimicrobial properties against different plant pathogens. These compounds are reported to be produced by bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, and few other microorganisms; however, genus Bacillus alone produces a majority of diverse lipopeptides. Lipopeptides are low molecular weight compounds which havemultiple industrial roles apart from being usedas biosurfactants and antimicrobials. In plant protection, lipopeptides have wide prospects owing totheirpore-forming ability in pathogens, siderophore activity, biofilm inhibition, and dislodging activity, preventing colonization bypathogens, antiviral activity, etc. Microbes with lipopeptides that haveall these actions are good biocontrol agents. Exploring these antimicrobial compounds could widen the vistasof biological pest control for existing and emerging plant pathogens. The broader diversity and strong antimicrobial behavior of lipopeptides could be a boon for dealing withcomplex pathosystems and controlling diseases of greater economic importance. Understanding which and how these compounds modulate the synthesis and production of defense-related biomolecules in the plants is a key question—the answer of whichneeds in-depth investigation. The present reviewprovides a comprehensive picture of important lipopeptides produced by plant microbiome, their isolation, characterization, mechanisms of disease control, behavior against phytopathogens to understand different aspects of antagonism, and potential prospects for future explorations as antimicrobial agents. Understanding and exploring the antimicrobial lipopeptides from bacteria and fungi could also open upan entire new arena of biopesticides for effective control of devastating plant diseases.

scholarly journals Identifying Antibacterial Compounds in Black Walnuts (Juglans nigra) Using a Metabolomics Approach

Metabolites ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh-Van Ho ◽  
Zhentian Lei ◽  
Lloyd Sumner ◽  
Mark Coggeshall ◽  
Hsin-Yeh Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
The United States ◽  
Black Walnut ◽  
Juglans Nigra ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Nut Production ◽  
Health Promoting

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is one of the most economically valuable hardwood species and a high value tree for edible nut production in the United States. Although consumption of black walnut has been linked to multiple health-promoting effects (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory), the bioactive compounds have not been systematically characterized. In addition, the associations between different black walnut cultivars and their health-promoting compounds have not been well established. In this study, the kernels of twenty-two black walnut cultivars selected for nut production by the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry (Columbia, MO, USA) were evaluated for their antibacterial activities using agar-well diffusion assay. Among the selected cultivars, four black walnut cultivars (i.e., Mystry, Surprise, D.34, and A.36) exhibited antibacterial activity against a Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus), whereas other cultivars showed no effect on the inhibition of this bacterium. The antibacterial compounds showing the strongest activity were isolated with bioassay-guided purification and identified using a metabolomics approach. Six antibacterial bioactive compounds responsible for antimicrobial activity were successfully identified. Glansreginin A, azelaic acid, quercetin, and eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside are novel antibacterial compounds identified in the kernels of black walnuts. The metabolomics approach provides a simple and cost-effective tool for bioactive compound identification.

scholarly journals Effects of methyl jasmonate and melatonin treatments on the sensory quality and bioactive compounds of harvested broccoli

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (72) ◽  
pp. 41422-41431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Luo ◽  
Jia-Hui Cai ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Dong-Bing Tao ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Bioactive Compound

In the process of yellowing, methyl jasmonate and melatonin treatments effectively improved the color, taste, flavor and bioactive compound content in broccoli.

scholarly journals Protecting Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Baiwen Qi ◽  
Haiheng Peng ◽  
Kangquan Shou ◽  
Zhengyu Pan ◽  
Min Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Prevention Measures

Objective. To understand how to implement proactive prevention measures among healthcare professionals for preventing potential nosocomial infection. Methods. 91 healthcare professionals confirmed with the COVID-19 infection were collected, and clinical characteristics and epidemiological data were evaluated. Results. Among the cases, 77 cases (84.6%) were confirmed by the viral nucleic acid test, and the other 14 cases were diagnosed by the clinical investigation. Ground glass opacity and bilateral shadows distribution were observed in 78 cases (85.6%). 56 cases (61.5%) were admitted into Zhongnan Hospital and subjected to antiviral treatment. 73 of a total of 91 cases (80.2%) with a median incubation period of 3 days (IQR, 2 to 6) reported close contact history with patients with the COVID-19 infection. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (66 cases, 72.5%) and cough (54 cases, 59.3%). The initial positive rate of the CT scan and RT-PCR assay were 84.6% and 48.4%, respectively (P<0.01). There were 50 cases occurred during the early stage (before Jan 20, 2020), whereas 41 cases occurred at a late stage (after Jan 20, 2020). In the early stage, the most common route of exposure to COVID-19 was via direct care in the absence of any invasive procedure. By contrast, 37 healthcare professionals infected with COVID-19 in the late stage were confirmed to have been exposed via aerosol-generating procedures. Conclusion. Identification of the asymptomatic individuals in healthcare settings and prompt response when a suspicious case is considered may render effective control of the nosocomial infection during this pandemic.

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