scholarly journals The Impact of Apple Variety and the Production Methods on the Antibacterial Activity of Vinegar Samples

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5437
Author(s):  
Mohammed Kara ◽  
Amine Assouguem ◽  
Omkulthom Mohamed Al kamaly ◽  
Safaâ Benmessaoud ◽  
Hamada Imtara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Golden Delicious

Apple vinegar is a natural product widely used in food and traditional medicine as it contains many bioactive compounds. The apple variety and production methods are two factors that play a major role in determining the quality of vinegar. Therefore, this study aims to determine the quality of apple vinegar samples from different varieties (Red Delicious, Gala, Golden Delicious, and Starking Delicious) prepared by three methods using small apple pieces, apple juice, and crushed apple, through determining the physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity of these samples. The antibacterial activity was studied against five pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli (ATB: 57), Escherichia coli (ATB: 97), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using two methods, disk diffusion and microdilution, for determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations and the minimum bactericidal concentrations. The results of this study showed that the lowest pH value was 3.6 for Stark Delicious, obtained by liquid fermentation, and the highest acetic acid values were 4.7 and 4% for the vinegar of Red Delicious and Golden Delicious, prepared by solid fermentation, respectively. The results of the antibacterial activity showed considerable activity of apple vinegar on the tested strains. Generally, the Staphylococcus aureus strain appears less sensitive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa seems to be very sensitive against all samples, while the other strains have distinct sensitivities depending on the variety studied and the method used. A higher antibacterial activity was found in vinegar obtained by the apple pieces method and the Red Delicious variety, with a low MIC and MBC recorded, at 1.95 and 3.90 µL/mL, respectively. This study has shown that the choice of both apple variety and production method is therefore an essential step in determining and aiming for the desired quality of apple vinegar.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Evaluation and Antimicrobial Potential Assessment of Some Spices on Selected Pathogenic Microorganisms in Alex Ekwueme Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
D. O. Okata-Nwali ◽  
C. V. Uzoh ◽  
C. O. Okeh ◽  
B. Ugwu ◽  
O. J. Owolabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera

The antibacterial activity of Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica, Piper guineense, Tetrapleura tetraptera against selected human pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Streptococcus mutans were ascertained using standard microbiological procedures. The herbaceous plants were sun dried and ground into powdery form. Fifty grams (50 g) each of the herbaceous plants were submerged into three (3) different extraction solvents (Ethanol, Methanol and Aqueous) in a conical flask, the flask were shaken intermittently for 24 hours. The herbaceous plants were sieved using whatman number one filter paper. The sieved extracts were allowed to air dry and the dried extracts were stored in a sterile sample bottle in the refrigerator until use. Agar well diffusion technique was used to determine the antibacterial activity/efficacy of the herbaceous plants. The antibacterial activity of ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica were determined. The result showed that aqueous extract had antimicrobial activity against all the test bacteria, ethanol extract had activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, but showed no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella typhi. Methanol extract had activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Aqueous extract had activity similar to that of ethanol and methanol except that Streptococcus mutans which showed resistance to ethanol and methanol extracts was susceptible to aqueous extracts. Phytochemical analysis conducted shows that the herbaceous plant extracts contains substances such as alkaloids, saponin, tannin, flavonoid and phenol. The result obtained from this study revealed that these herbaceous extracts possess bioactive substances which had antibacterial activity on the test bacterial used in the study. Ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of Azadiractha Indica, Monodora myristica, Xylopia aethiopica, piper guineense, and Tetrapleura tetraptera had a remarkable activity against Staphylococcus aureus, E.coli and Klebsiella pneumonia while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella typhi were resistant to both ethanol and methanol extracts. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies should be carried out to identify the active constituents responsible for their antibacterial activity.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

scholarly journals Jabuticaba skin extracts: phenolic compounds and antibacterial activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Cíntia de Oliveira ◽  
Tamara Rezende Marques ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Andrade Machado ◽  
Thaís Cristina Lima de Carvalho ◽  
Aline Aparecida Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract The phenolic compounds from various extracts of jabuticaba skin powder (JSP) were characterized in this study, and the antibacterial activity assessed. The phenolic compounds were extracted from the JSP using four methods: a) acetone extraction - 1 g JSP: 10 mL 70% acetone, resting for 2 hours; b) aqueous extract - 1 g JSP: 15 mL water, under agitation; c) ethanolic extract - 1 g JSP: 15 mL acidified ethanol, under agitation; and d) methanolic extract - 1 g JSP: 50 mL 50% methanol, under reflux. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion assay, using Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 6539, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19117. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed the highest levels of phenolic compounds, especially of cyanidin chloride, catechin and epicatechin. The extracts did not inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella choleraesuis, but inhibited 30% of the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an extract concentration of 250 µg mL-1. Against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes the highest inhibitory effect observed was 41.8% for the ethanolic extract, followed by 36% inhibition by the methanolic extract, thus revealing the potential of these extracts as possible alternatives for use in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Análise Microbiológica de Batons de Uso Compartilhado na Cidade de Juazeiro do Norte-CE

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 636-639
Author(s):  
Luana Romão Rodrigues ◽  
João Victor de Freitas Menezes ◽  
Dárcio Luiz de Sousa Júnior ◽  
Rafael de Carvalho Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Great Circulation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The City

A cosmetologia é a ciência que engloba e estuda os cosméticos, desde conceitos iniciais até a sua fabricação, tornando-se uma ciência multidisciplinar. Para garantia de um uso seguro e eficaz dos cosméticos é necessário a realização de análises para se conseguir um padrão de qualidade. Quando há indícios de contaminação por microrganismos no cosmético, diversos problemas podem ser encontrados, como a ocorrência de patologias específicas, causando altos riscos e complicações à saúde do usuário. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar qualitativamente através de análises microbiológicas a qualidade dos produtos cosméticos de maquiagem usados de forma compartilhada, utilizando amostras colhidas aleatoriamente em uma loja de varejo, que foi selecionada por ser de grande circulação, da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. Nesta pesquisa foram analisadas oito amostras coletadas durante o período de outubro e novembro de 2017. As análises que foram realizadas seguiram a Farmacopeia brasileira. Como resultado obteve-se um percentual de 87,5 % de contaminação microbiana, evidenciando a presença de Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, sendo que apenas uma das oito amostras analisadas mostrou-se adequada para uso seguindo os limites de aceitação microbiológicas permitidos por lei. Baseados nesses resultados foi possível concluir que o índice de contaminação das amostras de batons que são utilizadas de modo compartilhado são potencialmente maiores. Com isso, intensifica-se a necessidade de medidas que impeçam o compartilhamento dos produtos cosméticos, com a finalidade de diminuir o risco de uma infecção coletiva.   Palavras-chave: Cosméticos. Uso compartilhado. Contaminação.   Abstract Cosmetology is the science that encompasses and studies cosmetics, from initial concepts to their manufacture, becoming a multidisciplinary science. To guarantee a safe and effective use of cosmetics it is necessary to carry out analyzes to achieve a quality standard. When there is evidence of contamination by microorganisms in the cosmetic, several problems can be found, such as the occurrence of specific pathologies, causing high risks and complications to the health of the user. The objective of this scientific work was to qualitatively investigate through microbiological analysis the quality of cosmetic makeup products used in a shared way, using samples collected randomly in a retail store, which was selected because it is of great circulation, in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. In this research, eight (8) samples collected during the period of October and November 2017 were analyzed. The analyzes that were carried out followed the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. As a result, a percentage of 87.5 % of microbial contamination was obtained, showing the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with only one of the eight samples analyzed being suitable for use following the limits of microbiological acceptance allowed by law. Based on these results it was possible to conclude that the contamination index of the lipstick samples that are used in a shared way are potentially higher. As a result, the need for measures to prevent the sharing of cosmetic products is intensified, in order to reduce the risk of a collective infection.   Keywords: Cosmetics. Shared Use. Contamination.

scholarly journals FLORAL EXTRACT OF Tibouchina granulosa (DESR.) COGN. PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROSPECTION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pereira de Menezes Filho ◽  
Matheus Vinícius Abadia Ventura ◽  
Carlos Frederico de Souza Castro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Positive Results

Tibouchina granulosa is a species that blooms annually in several regions of Brazil. This species is still little explored in terms of phytocompounds in all organs of this plant, especially the floral organ. Flowers of T. granulosa were collected in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil, in 2021. The hydroethanolic floral extract was prepared by maceration and qualitative phytochemical (colorimetric reactions and salt formation) and antibacterial analyzes performed and the results expressed in millimeters of inhibition at different concentrations in mg mL-1. Several phytochemical classes were observed with positive results, especially for alkaloids, phenolics, oxylates, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins. As for the bacterial assay, potential antibacterial activity was observed for all bacterial strains tested, except for Salmonella serovar Thyphymurium and serovar Enteritidis. Expressive inhibitions were observed for Enterococcus faecalis > Pseudomonas aeruginosa > Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at the highest concentrations between 100-50 mg mL-1. The floral extract of Tibouchina granulosa showed phytotherapeutic potential with the presence of several phytochemical groups and expressive antibacterial activity.

Phytochemical Content, Radical Scavenging and Antibacterial Properties of Aqueous Extract of Jatropha curcas Linn Leaves

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O B Oloyede
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Proteus Species

This study investigated phytochemical content, radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of aqueous extract of leaves of Jatropha curcas Linn. Quantitative phytochemical analyses of alkaloids, phenols, tannins and flavonoids contents were carried out; radical scavenging activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydrogen peroxide inhibition assays while Disc diffusion and Agar well (ditch) diffusion methods were used for antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphilococcus aureus and Proteus species at 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/mL. The extract contained alkaloids (1.600± 0.58 %), tannins (0.121 ± 0.00 mg/mL), phenols (0.463 ± 0.06 mg/mL) and flavonoids (0.672 ± 0.00 mg/mL), and showed radical scavenging activities against DPPH (IC50 = 21.24) and hydrogen peroxide (15.67 mg/mL) which were less than that of Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA); IC50 = 3.92 (DPPH) and 6.19 mg/mL (hydrogen peroxide) respectively. It also showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 250 and 500 mg/ml (MIC = 125 mg/mL), which were resistant to ampicillin, chloxacillin and erythromycin, and the extract was inactive against Staphilococcus aureus and Proteus species at these concentrations, though all were sensitive to gentamycin. This shows that the aqueous extract of leaves of Jatropha curcas Linn may possess some of the folkloric properties claimed.

scholarly journals Eugenia uniflora L.: potential uses as a bioactive plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silva Moura ◽  
Ivan Júnior de Oliveira ◽  
Lisandro Tomas da Silva Bonome ◽  
Gilmar Franzener
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Eugenia Uniflora

ABSTRACT: Natural products extracted from plants have always played an important role in the discovery of bioactive substances. This work carried out a review of the literature on the bioactive activities of Eugenia uniflora L. (Surinam cherries), as a potential plant in the various uses, be it medicinal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticide and protective. In the literature, studies were found to confirm the antibacterial activity of E. uniflora leaves extract on Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The presence of antioxidant compounds as total phenolics, such as anthocyanins and flavonoids, induction in the protection of plants by phytoalexins, as well as insecticidal and anthelmintic effects by the use of the extract of the E. uniflora tree. Although these different potential biotics of E. uniflora have already been reported, further studies are still needed on the use of natural products extracted from E. uniflora for employment for different purposes.

scholarly journals Microbiological Study of Diabetic Foot Ulcer

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Mohammuddunnobi ◽  
Tasnuva Jahan ◽  
Abdullah Al Amin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the most feared complications of diabetes and is the leading cause of hospitalization in diabetic patients. Limb-threatening diabetic infections are usually polymicrobial involving multiple aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Methodology: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in the department of surgery and microbiology at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, over a period of 9 months during January 2017- September' 2017. The study included a total of 77 adult patients of clinically diagnosed diabetic foot patients presenting to outpatient department and emergency ward. The standard case definition of diabetic foot is 'any pathology occurring in the foot of a patient suffering from diabetes mellitus or as a result of long term complication of diabetes mellitus'. Results: Majority 17(22.1%) patients had Klebsiella pneumonia, 14(18.2%) had Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11(14.3%) had Staphylococcus aureus, 10(13.0%) had Escherichia coli, 6(7.8%) had Coagulase-negative staphylococci and 8(10.4%) had Providencia spp. In Escherichia coli 100% sensitivity to imipenem, 70% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam. In Coagulasenegative Staphylococci 83.3% sensitivity to tetracycline, 66.7% to ceftriaxone. In Proteus mirabilis 100% sensitivity to tetracycline, amikacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam. In Enterococcus spp.75.0% sensitivity to tetracycline. In Citrobacter spp. 100% sensitivity to imipenem. Conclusion: Common organism found in diabetic foot ulcer patients were Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Coagulase-negative staphylococci and Providencia spp. In tetracycline, amikacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam was 100% sensitive in Proteus mirabilis and only imipenem found in Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 1: Jan 2019, P 50-55

Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Euphorbia altotibetica

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Ai Mei Yang ◽  
Xiao Long Shi ◽  
Jie Li Liu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Yun Men
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Etoac Extract

Five compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Euphorbia altotibetica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), chrysophanol (3), (-)-epiafzelechin (4), 5,2-dihydroxy-7,8,6-trimethoxyflavanone (5) by NMR datas, the antibacterial activity of all compounds were examined on five species of bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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