scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Polymer Nanocomposites for Mechanical Properties

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4135
Author(s):  
Shankar A. Hallad ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
T. M. Yunus Khan ◽  
M. A. Umarfarooq ◽  
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Good Heat

Epoxy resins, due to their high stiffness, ease of processing, good heat, and chemical resistance obtained from cross-linked structures, have found applications in electronics, adhesives coatings, industrial tooling, and aeronautic and automotive industries. These resins are inherently brittle, which has limited their further application. The emphasis of this study is to improve the properties of the epoxy resin with a low-concentration (up to 0.4% by weight) addition of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs). Mechanical characterization of the modified composites was conducted to study the effect of MWCNTs infusion in the epoxy resin. Nanocomposites samples showed significantly higher tensile strength and fracture toughness compared to pure epoxy samples. The morphological studies of the modified composites were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of DOPO-Functionalized MWCNT and Its High Flame-Retardant Performance in Epoxy Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiang Gu ◽  
Chen Qiu ◽  
Jianhui Qiu ◽  
Youwei Yao ◽  
Eiichi Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Peak Heat Release Rate ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this work, functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were synthesized by the reaction between acylated MWCNT and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (ODOPB). The obtained MWCNT-ODOPB was well dispersed into epoxy resins together with aluminum diethylphosphinate (AlPi) to form flame-retardant nanocomposites. The epoxy resin nanocomposite with phosphorus content of 1.00 wt % met UL 94 V-0 rating, exhibited LOI value of 39.5, and had a higher Tg compared to neat epoxy resin, which indicates its excellent flame retardant performance. These experimental results indicated that MWCNT-ODOPB was a compatible and efficient flame retardant for epoxy resins. Moreover, cone calorimeter analysis showed that the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR) values, and CO2 production profiles of the composites decreased with an increase in the additional amount of phosphorus.

scholarly journals Impact Strengthening of Laminated Kevlar/Epoxy Composites by Nanoparticle Reinforcement

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2814
Author(s):  
Abdel Hamid I. Mourad ◽  
Nizamudeen Cherupurakal ◽  
Farrukh Hafeez ◽  
Imad Barsoum ◽  
Farah A. Genena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Good Agreement

Herein, we report the fabrication and characterization of high-strength Kevlar epoxy composite sheets for structural application. This process includes optimization of the curing conditions of composite preparation, such as curing time and temperature, and the incorporation of nanofillers, such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in different weight percentages. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was utilized to investigate the thermal stability and curing behavior of the epoxy, finding that a minimum of 5 min is required for complete curing under an optimized temperature of 170 °C. Moreover, mechanical characterization, including flexural and drop-weight tests, were performed and found to be in good agreement with the DSC results. Our results show that nanofiller incorporation improves the mechanical properties of Kevlar epoxy composites. Among the tested samples, 0.5% MWCNT incorporation obtained the highest mechanical strength.

Preparation and Characterization of the Modified Carbon Nanotubes Enhanced Epoxy Resin Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 1075-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang Chyi Lee ◽  
Hsin Her Yu ◽  
Shug June Hwang ◽  
Ye Shiu Li ◽  
Min Hsun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Resin Composites ◽  
Modified Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this study, the surfaces of the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were treated by acrylic acid. The acid-treated MWNTs were functionalized and were characterized by Infrared spectroscopy. The MWNTs were opened at their ends by ultrasonic treating and UV irradiating. Different adding amounts of the opened MWNTs were filled to the epoxy resin, and their mechanical properties and thermal properties were measured by Instron, impact and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), etc. The optimum adding amount of MWNTs to the epoxy resin is 2.0%, which is according to the parameters obtained from mechanical testing and Tg. The activation energy of the epoxy resin during curing can be calculated from infrared spectra according to the change of the epoxide band. The electrical conductivity of the MWNTs-filled composites was increased with proper (12.87%) amount of MWNTs adding, this is due to the networks constructed between MWNTs completely.

scholarly journals The effect of the surface modification of carbon nanotubes on their dispersion in the epoxy matrix

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wladyka-Przybylak ◽  
Dorota Wesolek ◽  
Weronika Gieparda ◽  
Anna Boczkowska ◽  
Ewelina Ciecierska
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Homogeneous Dispersion ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The effect of the surface modification of carbon nanotubes on their dispersion in the epoxy matrix Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has an effect on the dispersion of MWCNT in the epoxy matrix. Samples based on two kinds of epoxy resin and different weight percentage of MWCNTs (functionalized and non-functionalized) were prepared. Epoxy/carbon nanotubes composites were prepared by different mixing methods (ultrasounds and a combination of ultrasounds and mechanical mixing). CNTs modified with different functional groups were investigated. Surfactants were used to lower the surface tension of the liquid, which enabled easier spreading and reducing the interfacial tension. Solvents were also used to reduce the liquid viscosity. Some of them facilitate homogeneous dispersion of nanotubes in the resin. The properties of epoxy/nanotubes composites strongly depend on a uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the epoxy matrix. The type of epoxy resin, solvent, surfactant and mixing method for homogeneous dispersion of CNTs in the epoxy matrix was evaluated. The effect of CNTs functionalization type on their dispersion in the epoxy resins was evaluated on the basis of viscosity and microstructure studies.

scholarly journals Enhancement of out-of-plane mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite by incorporating the multi-walled carbon nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Mirsalehi ◽  
Amir Ali Youzbashi ◽  
Amjad Sazgar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractIn this study, epoxy hybrid nanocomposites reinforced by carbon fibers (CFs) were fabricated by a filament winding. To improve out-of-plane (transverse) mechanical properties, 0.5 and 1.0 Wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were embedded into epoxy/CF composites. The MWCNTs were well dispersed into the epoxy resin without using any additives. The transverse mechanical properties of epoxy/MWCNT/CF hybrid nanocomposites were evaluated by the tensile test in the vertical direction to the CFs (90º tensile) and flexural tests. The fracture surfaces of composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM observations showed that the bridging of the MWCNTs is one of the mechanisms of transverse mechanical properties enhancement in the epoxy/MWCNT/CF composites. The results of the 90º tensile test proved that the tensile strength and elongation at break of nanocomposite with 1.0 Wt.% MWCNTs improved up to 53% and 50% in comparison with epoxy/CF laminate composite, respectively. Furthermore, the flexural strength, secant modulus, and elongation of epoxy/1.0 Wt.% MWCNT/CF hybrid nanocomposite increased 15%, 7%, and 9% compared to epoxy/CF laminate composite, respectively.

scholarly journals Temperature-Dependent Synergistic Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Tensile Quasi-Static and Fatigue Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Jen ◽  
Hao-Huai Chang ◽  
Chien-Min Lu ◽  
Shin-Yu Liang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Hybrid Fillers ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Even though the characteristics of polymer materials are sensitive to temperature, the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites have rarely been studied before, especially for the fatigue behavior of hybrid polymer nanocomposites. Hence, the tensile quasi-static and fatigue tests for the epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were performed at different temperatures in the study to investigate the temperature-dependent synergistic effect of hybrid nano-fillers on the studied properties. The temperature and the filler ratio were the main variables considered in the experimental program. A synergistic index was employed to quantify and evaluate the synergistic effect of hybrid fillers on the studied properties. Experimental results show that both the monotonic and fatigue strength decrease with increasing temperature significantly. The nanocomposites with a MWCNT (multi-walled CNT): GNP ratio of 9:1 display higher monotonic modulus/strength and fatigue strength than those with other filler ratios. The tensile strengths of the nanocomposite specimens with a MWCNT:GNP ratio of 9:1 are 10.0, 5.5, 12.9, 23.4, and 58.9% higher than those of neat epoxy at −28, 2, 22, 52, and 82 °C, respectively. The endurance limits of the nanocomposites with this specific filler ratio are increased by 7.7, 26.7, 5.6, 30.6, and 42.4% from those of pristine epoxy under the identical temperature conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the synergistic effect for this optimal nanocomposite increases with temperature. The CNTs bridge the adjacent GNPs to constitute the 3-D network of nano-filler and prevent the agglomeration of GNPs, further improve the studied strength. Observing the fracture surfaces reveals that crack deflect effect and the bridging effect of nano-fillers are the main reinforcement mechanisms to improve the studied properties. The pullout of nano-fillers from polymer matrix at high temperatures reduces the monotonic and fatigue strengths. However, high temperature is beneficial to the synergistic effect of hybrid fillers because the nano-fillers dispersed in the softened matrix are easy to align toward the directions favorable to load transfer.

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