scholarly journals Non-Invasive Identification of Nutrient Components in Grain

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3124
Author(s):  
Charles Farber ◽  
A. S. M. Faridul Islam ◽  
Endang M. Septiningsih ◽  
Michael J. Thomson ◽  
Dmitry Kurouski
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Variety Identification ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Digital Farming

Digital farming is a modern agricultural concept that aims to maximize the crop yield while simultaneously minimizing the environmental impact of farming. Successful implementation of digital farming requires development of sensors to detect and identify diseases and abiotic stresses in plants, as well as to probe the nutrient content of seeds and identify plant varieties. Experimental evidence of the suitability of Raman spectroscopy (RS) for confirmatory diagnostics of plant diseases was previously provided by our team and other research groups. In this study, we investigate the potential use of RS as a label-free, non-invasive and non-destructive analytical technique for the fast and accurate identification of nutrient components in the grains from 15 different rice genotypes. We demonstrate that spectroscopic analysis of intact rice seeds provides the accurate rice variety identification in ~86% of samples. These results suggest that RS can be used for fully automated, fast and accurate identification of seeds nutrient components.

scholarly journals Raman-Based Diagnostics of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Plants. A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Z. Payne ◽  
Dmitry Kurouski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Us ◽  
Minimal Environmental Impact ◽  
Digital Farming

Digital farming is a novel agricultural philosophy that aims to maximize a crop yield with the minimal environmental impact. Digital farming requires the development of technologies that can work directly in the field providing information about a plant health. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an emerging analytical technique that can be used for non-invasive, non-destructive, and confirmatory diagnostics of diseases, as well as the nutrient deficiencies in plants. RS is also capable of probing nutritional content of grains, as well as highly accurate identification plant species and their varieties. This allows for Raman-based phenotyping and digital selection of plants. These pieces of evidence suggest that RS can be used for chemical-free surveillance of plant health directly in the field. High selectivity and specificity of this technique show that RS may transform the agriculture in the US. This review critically discusses the most recent research articles that demonstrate the use of RS in diagnostics of abiotic and abiotic stresses in plants, as well as the identification of plant species and their nutritional analysis.

scholarly journals Raman spectroscopy enables phenotyping and assessment of nutrition values of plants: a review

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Z. Payne ◽  
Dmitry Kurouski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOur civilization has to enhance food production to feed world’s expected population of 9.7 billion by 2050. These food demands can be met by implementation of innovative technologies in agriculture. This transformative agricultural concept, also known as digital farming, aims to maximize the crop yield without an increase in the field footprint while simultaneously minimizing environmental impact of farming. There is a growing body of evidence that Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive, non-destructive, and laser-based analytical approach, can be used to: (i) detect plant diseases, (ii) abiotic stresses, and (iii) enable label-free phenotyping and digital selection of plants in breeding programs. In this review, we critically discuss the most recent reports on the use of Raman spectroscopy for confirmatory identification of plant species and their varieties, as well as Raman-based analysis of the nutrition value of seeds. We show that high selectivity and specificity of Raman makes this technique ideal for optical surveillance of fields, which can be used to improve agriculture around the world. We also discuss potential advances in synergetic use of RS and already established imaging and molecular techniques. This combinatorial approach can be used to reduce associated time and cost, as well as enhance the accuracy of diagnostics of biotic and abiotic stresses.

Nanomonitors: Nanomaterial Based Devices Towards Clinical Immunoassays

2008 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Prasad ◽  
Manish Bothara ◽  
Ravikiran Reddy ◽  
John Carruthers ◽  
Thomas Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Specific Protein ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Electrical Detection ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

AbstractThe immobilization of biomolecules on a solid substrate and their localization in “small” regions are major requirements for a variety of biomedical diagnostic applications, where rapid and accurate identification of multiple biomolecules is essential. In this specific application we have fabricated nanomitors for identifying specific protein biomarkers based on the electrical detection of antibody-antigen binding events.The nanomonitor, lab-on-a-chip device technology is based on electrical detection of protein biomarkers. It is based on developing high density, low volume multi-well plate devices. The scientific core of this technology lies in integrating nanomaterial with micro fabricated chip platforms and exploiting the improve surface area to volume to improve the detection.The devices that have been developed utilize electrical detection mechanisms where capacitance and conductance changes due to protein binding are used as “signatures” for biomarker profiling. In comparison to optical methods, the electrical detection technique is non-invasive as well as a label free. The signal acquisition is simple and it uses the existing data acquisition and signal analysis methods

Label-free non-invasive classification of rice seeds using optical coherence tomography assisted with deep neural network

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 106861
Author(s):  
Deepa Joshi ◽  
Ankit Butola ◽  
Sheetal Raosaheb Kanade ◽  
Dilip K. Prasad ◽  
S.V. Amitha Mithra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rice Seeds

scholarly journals Tethered Lipid Membranes as a Nanoscale Arrangement Towards Non-Invasive Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Rima Budvytyte ◽  
Akvile Milasiute ◽  
Dalius Vitkus ◽  
Kestutis Strupas ◽  
Aiste Gulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
Shock Proteins

Extracellular heat shock proteins (HSPs) mediate immunological functions and are involved in pathologies such as infection, stress, and cancer. Here, we demonstrated the dependence of an amount of HSP70 and HSP90 in serum vs. severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) on a cohort of 49 patients. Tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) have been developed to investigate HSPs’ interactions with tBLMs that can be probed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results revealed that HSP70 and HSP90 interact via different mechanisms. HSP70 shows the damage of the membrane, while HSP90 increases the insulation properties of tBLM. These findings provide evidence that EIS offers a novel approach for the study of the changes in membrane integrity induced by HSPs proteins. Herein, we present an alternative electrochemical technique, without any immunoprobes, that allows for the monitoring of HSPs on nanoscaled tBLM arrangement in biologics samples such us human urine. This study demonstrates the great potential of tBLM to be used as a membrane based biosensor for novel, simple, and non-invasive label-free analytical system for the prediction of AP severity.

Non-invasive label-free investigation and typing of head and neck cancers by multimodal nonlinear microscopy

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Meyer ◽  
Nadine Vogler ◽  
Benjamin Dietzek ◽  
Denis Akimov ◽  
Johanna Inhestern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Nonlinear Microscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Non Invasive

Non-invasive and label-free identification of human natural killer subclasses by biophysical single-cell features in microfluidic flow

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dannhauser ◽  
Domenico Rossi ◽  
Anna T Palatucci ◽  
Valentina Rubino ◽  
Flavia Carriero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Therapeutic Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Microfluidic Flow

Natural Killer (NK) are indicated as favorite candidates for innovative therapeutic treatment and are divided in two subclasses: immature regulatory NK CD56bright and mature cytotoxic NK CD56dim. Therefore, the ability...

scholarly journals Commentary on Ivancic et al.: Enzyme kinetics from circular dichroism of insulin reveals mechanistic insights into the regulation of insulin-degrading enzyme

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Insulin Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Enormous Number

Despite the enormous number of therapeutic advances in medicine, nowadays many diseases are still incurable, mainly due to the lack of knowledge of the pathological biochemical pathways triggering those diseases. For this reason, it is compulsory for the scientific community to investigate and unveil the biomolecular mechanisms responsible for the development of those diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes, which are widespread all over the world. In this scenario, it is of paramount importance to develop new analytical techniques and experimental procedures that are capable to make the above-mentioned investigations feasible. These new methods should allow easy performable analysis carried out in a label-free environment, in order to give reliable answers to specific biochemical questions. A recent paper published on Bioscience Reports by Ivancic et al. (https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20181416) proposes a new analytical technique capable to reveal some mechanistic insights into the regulation of insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), a protein involved in the above-mentioned diseases. IDE is a multifaceted enzyme having different and not well-defined roles in the cell, but it is primarily a proteolytic enzyme capable to degrade several different amyloidogenic substrates involved in different diseases. Moreover, many molecules are responsible for IDE activity modulation so that understanding how IDE activity is regulated represents a very challenging analytical task. The new analytical approach proposed by Ivancic et al. reports on the possibility to study IDE activity in an unbiased and label-free manner, representing a valid alternative assay for the investigation of any proteases degradative activity.

scholarly journals Using reliable predator identification to investigate feeding habits of Neotropical carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora) in a deforestation frontier of the Brazilian Amazon

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia P. Tirelli ◽  
Thales R.O. de Freitas ◽  
Fernanda Michalski ◽  
Alexandre R. Percequillo ◽  
Eduardo Eizirik
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Critical Requirement ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Accurate identification of predator species is a critical requirement to investigate their diet using faecal samples. We used non-invasive sampling and two methods of predator identification to investigate the diets of sympatric carnivores in a highly deforested region of the Brazilian Amazon. Of 108 scats, 81 could be identified at the species level using DNA sequencing and/or trichology. The former performed better than the latter (81.5% vs. 54.3% of the identified samples), and results were quite congruent (89.7% concordance in the 29 samples that could be assessed with both approaches). Nine species were identified, out of which four (crab-eating fox, ocelot, puma and jaguar) presented a sufficient number of samples to allow dietary analyses. The crab-eating fox was the most generalist (BA=0.92); ocelots focused on small- to medium-sized prey; pumas fed mostly on medium-sized items; and jaguars mostly targeted large-sized prey. A considerable overlap was observed between ocelots and pumas in all estimations (O=0.47–0.83). The presence of jaguars in the same region could be driving pumas to select medium- and small-sized prey. The results of this study highlight the importance of reliable predator identification and the need for in-depth ecological studies in areas where carnivore species are sympatric.

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