scholarly journals Anticarcinogenic and Antioxidant Action of an Edible Aquatic Flora Jussiaea repens L. Using In Vitro Bioassays and In Vivo Zebrafish Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2291
Author(s):  
Chongtham Rajiv ◽  
Subhra Saikat Roy ◽  
K. Tamreihao ◽  
Pintubala Kshetri ◽  
Thangjam Surchandra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Skov3 Cells

Oxidative stress is the major cause of many health conditions, and regular consumption of antioxidants helped to encounter and prevent such oxidative stress-related diseases. Due to safety concerns over long-term uses of synthetic antioxidants, natural antioxidants are more preferred. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of Jussiaea repens L., a wild edible flora found in Manipur, India. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and DNA-nicking assay. The anticancer activity was tested using five cancer lines viz., SKOV3 cells (ovarian), HeLa (cervical), MDA-MB-231 (breast), PANC-1 (pancreatic), and PC3 (prostate). The toxicity, developmental effect, antiproliferative activity was further tested using zebrafish embryos. The methanolic plant extract had higher polyphenol content than flavonoids. The in vitro study demonstrated a promising antioxidant capacity and DNA protection ability of this plant. The extract also showed cytotoxic activity against SKOV3, HeLa, MDA-MB-23, and PANC-1 cancer cell lines. The in vivo studies on zebrafish embryos demonstrated the extract’s ability to suppress the developmental process and elicited more cytotoxicity to cancer cells than developing zebrafish embryos. Moreover, the in vivo studies on zebrafish embryos also indicated the antiproliferative activity of J. repens L. extract.

scholarly journals Insight into the Influence of Cultivar Type, Cultivation Year, and Site on the Lignans and Related Phenolic Profiles, and the Health-Promoting Antioxidant Potential of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Seeds

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurine Garros ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Cyrielle Corbin ◽  
Cédric Decourtil ◽  
Thibaud Fidel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
The Impact

Flaxseeds are a functional food representing, by far, the richest natural grain source of lignans, and accumulate substantial amounts of other health beneficial phenolic compounds (i.e., flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acids). This specific accumulation pattern is related to their numerous beneficial effects on human health. However, to date, little data is available concerning the relative impact of genetic and geographic parameters on the phytochemical yield and composition. Here, the major influence of the cultivar over geographic parameters on the flaxseed phytochemical accumulation yield and composition is evidenced. The importance of genetic parameters on the lignan accumulation was further confirmed by gene expression analysis monitored by RT-qPCR. The corresponding antioxidant activity of these flaxseed extracts was evaluated, both in vitro, using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and iron chelating assays, as well as in vivo, by monitoring the impact of UV-induced oxidative stress on the lipid membrane peroxidation of yeast cells. Our results, both the in vitro and in vivo studies, confirm that flaxseed extracts are an effective protector against oxidative stress. The results point out that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside, caffeic acid glucoside, and p-coumaric acid glucoside are the main contributors to the antioxidant capacity. Considering the health benefits of these compounds, the present study demonstrates that the flaxseed cultivar type could greatly influence the phytochemical intakes and, therefore, the associated biological activities. We recommend that this crucial parameter be considered in epidemiological studies dealing with flaxseeds.

scholarly journals Alcohol-and-HIV-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction Regulates Extracellular Vesicles Secretion in Vitro and in Liver-Humanized Mice

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Raghubendra Singh Dagur ◽  
Moses New-Aaron ◽  
Murali Ganesan ◽  
Weimin Wang ◽  
Svetlana Romanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Human Hepatocytes ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Humanized Mouse Model ◽  
And Function

Background: Alcohol abuse is common in people living with HIV-1 and dramaticallyenhances the severity of HIV-induced liver damage by inducing oxidative stress and lysosomaldysfunction in the liver cells. We hypothesize that the increased release of extracellular vesicles(EVs) in hepatocytes and liver humanized mouse model is linked to lysosome dysfunction. Methods:The study was performed on primary human hepatocytes and human hepatoma RLWXP-GFP (Huh7.5 cells stably transfected with CYP2E1 and XPack-GFP) cells and validated on ethanol-fed liverhumanizedfumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah)-/-, Rag2-/-, common cytokine receptor gamma chainknockout (FRG-KO) mice. Cells and mice were infected with HIV-1ADA virus. Results: We observedan increase in the secretion of EVs associated with a decrease in lysosomal activity and expressionof lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1. Next-generation RNA sequencing of primary humanhepatocytes revealed 63 differentially expressed genes, with 13 downregulated and 50 upregulatedgenes in the alcohol–HIV-treated group. Upstream regulator analysis of differentially expressedgenes through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified transcriptional regulators affecting downstreamgenes associated with increased oxidative stress, lysosomal associated disease, and function andEVs biogenesis. Our in vitro findings were corroborated by in vivo studies on human hepatocytetransplantedhumanized mice, indicating that intensive EVs’ generation by human hepatocytes andtheir secretion to serum was associated with increased oxidative stress and reduction in lysosomalactivities triggered by HIV infection and ethanol diet. Conclusion: HIV-and-ethanol-metabolisminducedEVs release is tightly controlled by lysosome status in hepatocytes and participates in thedevelopment of double-insult-induced liver injury.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative activity of thiazole and oxazole derivatives: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 111495
Author(s):  
Nancy Y. Guerrero-Pepinosa ◽  
María C. Cardona-Trujillo ◽  
Sandra C. Garzón-Castaño ◽  
Luz Angela Veloza ◽  
Juan C. Sepúlveda-Arias
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Oxazole Derivatives

scholarly journals Lignans from Bursera fagaroides Affect In Vivo Cell Behavior by Disturbing the Tubulin Cytoskeleton in Zebrafish Embryos

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Antúnez-Mojica ◽  
Andrés Rojas-Sepúlveda ◽  
Mario Mendieta-Serrano ◽  
Leticia Gonzalez-Maya ◽  
Silvia Marquina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Microtubule Cytoskeleton ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation

By using a zebrafish embryo model to guide the chromatographic fractionation of antimitotic secondary metabolites, seven podophyllotoxin-type lignans were isolated from a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the steam bark of Bursera fagaroides. The compounds were identified as podophyllotoxin (1), β-peltatin-A-methylether (2), 5′-desmethoxy-β-peltatin-A-methylether (3), desmethoxy-yatein (4), desoxypodophyllotoxin (5), burseranin (6), and acetyl podophyllotoxin (7). The biological effects on mitosis, cell migration, and microtubule cytoskeleton remodeling of lignans 1–7 were further evaluated in zebrafish embryos by whole-mount immunolocalization of the mitotic marker phospho-histone H3 and by a tubulin antibody. We found that lignans 1, 2, 4, and 7 induced mitotic arrest, delayed cell migration, and disrupted the microtubule cytoskeleton in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, microtubule cytoskeleton destabilization was observed also in PC3 cells, except for 7. Therefore, these results demonstrate that the cytotoxic activity of 1, 2, and 4 is mediated by their microtubule-destabilizing activity. In general, the in vivo and in vitro models here used displayed equivalent mitotic effects, which allows us to conclude that the zebrafish model can be a fast and cheap in vivo model that can be used to identify antimitotic natural products through bioassay-guided fractionation.

scholarly journals A novel mitochondrial enriched antioxidant protects neurons against acute oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Drummond ◽  
Nick O. Davies ◽  
Janet E. Lovett ◽  
Mark R. Miller ◽  
Graeme Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Free System ◽  
Age Related

AbstractExcessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, which result in cell damage and death. The outcomes can be acute, as seen in stroke, or more chronic as observed in age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Here we investigate the antioxidant ability of a novel synthetic flavonoid, Proxison (7-decyl-3-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-4-chromenone), using a range of in vitro and in vivo approaches. We show that, while it has radical scavenging ability on par with other flavonoids in a cell-free system, Proxison is orders of magnitude more potent than natural flavonoids at protecting neural cells against oxidative stress and is capable of rescuing damaged cells. The unique combination of a lipophilic hydrocarbon tail with a modified polyphenolic head group promotes efficient cellular uptake and mitochondrial localisation of Proxison. Importantly, in vivo administration of Proxison demonstrated effective and well tolerated neuroprotection against oxidative stress in a zebrafish model of dopaminergic neuronal loss.

scholarly journals Hyperoxia, reactive oxygen species, and hyperventilation: oxygen sensitivity of brain stem neurons

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 784-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay B. Dean ◽  
Daniel K. Mulkey ◽  
Richard A. Henderson ◽  
Stephanie J. Potter ◽  
Robert W. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Underlying Assumption

Hyperoxia is a popular model of oxidative stress. However, hyperoxic gas mixtures are routinely used for chemical denervation of peripheral O2 receptors in in vivo studies of respiratory control. The underlying assumption whenever using hyperoxia is that there are no direct effects of molecular O2 and reactive O2 species (ROS) on brain stem function. In addition, control superfusates used routinely for in vitro studies of neurons in brain slices are, in fact, hyperoxic. Again, the assumption is that there are no direct effects of O2 and ROS on neuronal activity. Research contradicts this assumption by demonstrating that O2 has central effects on the brain stem respiratory centers and several effects on neurons in respiratory control areas; these need to be considered whenever hyperoxia is used. This mini-review summarizes the long-recognized, but seldom acknowledged, paradox of respiratory control known as hyperoxic hyperventilation. Several proposed mechanisms are discussed, including the recent hypothesis that hyperoxic hyperventilation is initiated by increased production of ROS during hyperoxia, which directly stimulates central CO2 chemoreceptors in the solitary complex. Hyperoxic hyperventilation may provide clues into the fundamental role of redox signaling and ROS in central control of breathing; moreover, oxidative stress may play a role in respiratory control dysfunction. The practical implications of brain stem O2 and ROS sensitivity are also considered relative to the present uses of hyperoxia in respiratory control research in humans, animals, and brain stem tissues. Recommendations for future research are also proposed.

scholarly journals Fighting Liver Fibrosis with Naturally Occurring Antioxidants

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (18) ◽  
pp. 1318-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Lin ◽  
Fayang Zhou ◽  
Shengnan Shen ◽  
Tian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wound Healing Response

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a wound-healing response characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix following various liver injuries, which results in the deformation of the normal liver architecture and the development of liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that oxidative stress mediates the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species disrupts macromolecules, induces necrosis and apoptosis of hepatocytes, stimulates the production of pro-fibrogenic mediators, and directly activates hepatic stellate cells, thereby resulting in liver damage and initiating liver fibrosis. Ameliorating oxidative stress is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Natural antioxidants have attracted increasing attention in treating liver fibrosis due to their safety and efficacy. In this review, the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and the role of oxidative stress in liver fibrosis were discussed. Naturally occurring antioxidants that can treat and prevent liver fibrosis were summarized. Advances in clinical trials were also presented. The main purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge from the biological importance of oxidative stress in liver fibrosis to representative antioxidants for treating liver fibrosis. Naturally occurring antioxidants show a potential for further investigations as lead compounds in fighting liver fibrosis.

FBXW7γ is a tumor-suppressive and prognosis-related FBXW7 transcript isoform in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 1921-1930
Author(s):  
Zhou Xu ◽  
Lin Zhuang ◽  
Xiaoyin Wang ◽  
Qianrong Li ◽  
Yan Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma ◽  
Skov3 Cells ◽  
Cancer Genome Atlas

Aim: To explore FBXW7 protein-coding transcript isoform (α, β and γ) expression, their functions and prognostic value in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OSC). Materials & methods: FBXW7 transcript data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. IOSE, A2780 and SKOV3 cells were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Results: FBXW7α and FBXW7γ are dominant protein-coding transcripts that were downregulated in OSC. FBXW7γ overexpression reduced the protein expression of c-Myc, Notch1 and Yap1 and suppressed OSC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. FBXW7γ expression was an independent indicator of longer disease-specific survival (HR: 0.588; 95% CI: 0.449–0.770) and progression-free survival (HR: 0.708; 95% CI: 0.562–0.892). Conclusion: FBXW7γ is a tumor-suppressive and might be the only prognosis-related FBXW7 transcript in OSC.

Food Derived Bioactive Peptides for Health Enhancement and Management of Some Chronic Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. F. Ogori ◽  
A. T. Girgih ◽  
J. O. Abu ◽  
M. O. Eke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Target Cells

The bioactive peptides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis and fermentation approach have been identified and used widely in research. These methods are important in enhancement or prevention and management of chronic diseases that are ravaging the world such as type -2-diabetes, hypertension, oxidative stress, cancer, and obesity. Sources of bioactive peptides have been established ranging from plant to animal and marine foods that have pharmacological effects; however these effects are dependent on target cells and peptides structure and conformations.  Plants such as hemp and animal source such as milk among others validate the findings of In vitro and In-vivo studies and the efficiency of these bioactive peptides in the management of certain chronic diseases. This article reviews the literature on bioactive peptides with concern on food sources, production and bioactive peptides application in enhancement of health and management of hypertension, diabetes and oxidative stress.  Future research efforts on bioactive peptides should be directed towards elucidating specific sequenced bioactive peptides and their molecular mechanisms, through In-vivo and In-vitro studies for specific health condition in human using nutrigenomics and peptideomic approaches.

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