scholarly journals Environment-Induced Reversible Modulation of Optical and Electronic Properties of Lead Halide Perovskites and Possible Applications to Sensor Development: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 705
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa De Giorgi ◽  
Stefania Milanese ◽  
Argyro Klini ◽  
Marco Anni
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Current State ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Lead Halide

Lead halide perovskites are currently widely investigated as active materials in photonic and optoelectronic devices. While the lack of long term stability actually limits their application to commercial devices, several experiments demonstrated that beyond the irreversible variation of the material properties due to degradation, several possibilities exist to reversibly modulate the perovskite characteristics by acting on the environmental conditions. These results clear the way to possible applications of lead halide perovskites to resistive and optical sensors. In this review we will describe the current state of the art of the comprehension of the environmental effects on the optical and electronic properties of lead halide perovskites, and of the exploitation of these results for the development of perovskite-based sensors.

scholarly journals Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing in Lead Halide Perovskites: State of the Art and Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa De Giorgi ◽  
Marco Anni
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Emission ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Amplified Spontaneous Emission ◽  
Optically Pumped ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Current State ◽  
Main Development ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Lead Halide

Lead halide perovskites are currently receiving increasing attention due to their potential to combine easy active layers fabrication, tunable electronic and optical properties with promising performance of optoelectronic and photonic device prototypes. In this paper, we review the main development steps and the current state of the art of the research on lead halide perovskites amplified spontaneous emission and on optically pumped lasers exploiting them as active materials.

Investigation of Emission Behaviour of Perovskite Nanocrystals into TiO2 Nano to Microsphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abha Jha ◽  
Hari Shankar ◽  
Prasenjit Kar
Keyword(s):  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Promising Material ◽  
Perovskite Nanocrystals ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Lead Halide

Organic-inorganic methylammonium lead halide perovskites nanocrystals have emerged as a promising material for optoelectronic devices. But due to the lack of long-term stability of perovskite nanocrystals, its applications have been...

scholarly journals Diagnostic Challenges on the Laboratory Detection of Lupus Anticoagulant

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Armando Tripodi
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
Current State ◽  
Clinical Laboratories

Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is one of the three laboratory parameters (the others being antibodies to either cardiolipin or β2-glycoprotein I) which defines the rare but potentially devastating condition known as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Testing for LA is a challenging task for the clinical laboratory because specific tests for its detection are not available. However, proper LA detection is paramount for patients’ management, as its persistent positivity in the presence of (previous or current) thrombotic events, candidate for long term anticoagulation. Guidelines for LA detection have been established and updated over the last two decades. Implementation of these guidelines across laboratories and participation to external quality assessment schemes are required to help standardize the diagnostic procedures and help clinicians for appropriate management of APS. This article aims to review the current state of the art and the challenges that clinical laboratories incur in the detection of LA.

Advanced Laser Diode Cooling Concepts

2008 ◽  
Vol 1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Feeler ◽  
Jeremy Junghans ◽  
Edward Stephens ◽  
Greg Kemner ◽  
Fred Barlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Current State ◽  
Laser Diode Arrays ◽  
High Power Laser Diode ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACTA new, patent-pending method of cooling high-power laser diode arrays has been developed which leverages advances in several areas of materials science and manufacturing. This method utilizes multi-layer ceramic microchannel coolers with small (100's of microns) integral water channels to cool the laser diode bar. This approach is similar to the current state-of-the-art method of cooling laser diode bars with copper microchannel coolers. However, the multi-layer ceramic coolers offer many advantages over the copper coolers, including reliability and manufacturing flexibility. The ceramic coolers do not require the use of deionized water as is mandatory of high-thermal-performance copper coolers.Experimental and modeled data is presented that demonstrates thermal performance equal to or better than copper microchannel coolers that are commercially available. Results of long-term, high-flow tests are also presented to demonstrate the resistance of the ceramic coolers to erosion. The materials selected for these coolers allow for the laser diode bars to be mounted using eutectic AuSn solder. This approach allows for maximum solder bond integrity over the life of the part.

scholarly journals Sub-1.4eV bandgap inorganic perovskite solar cells with long-term stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyu Hu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Peijun Guo ◽  
Hua Zhou ◽  
Junjing Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Ambient Atmosphere ◽  
Low Bandgap ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Device Stability ◽  
Controlled Exposure ◽  
Halide Perovskites

AbstractState-of-the-art halide perovskite solar cells have bandgaps larger than 1.45 eV, which restricts their potential for realizing the Shockley-Queisser limit. Previous search for low-bandgap (1.2 to 1.4 eV) halide perovskites has resulted in several candidates, but all are hybrid organic-inorganic compositions, raising potential concern regarding device stability. Here we show the promise of an inorganic low-bandgap (1.38 eV) CsPb0.6Sn0.4I3 perovskite stabilized via interface functionalization. Device efficiency up to 13.37% is demonstrated. The device shows high operational stability under one-sun-intensity illumination, with T80 and T70 lifetimes of 653 h and 1045 h, respectively (T80 and T70 represent efficiency decays to 80% and 70% of the initial value, respectively), and long-term shelf stability under nitrogen atmosphere. Controlled exposure of the device to ambient atmosphere during a long-term (1000 h) test does not degrade the efficiency. These findings point to a promising direction for achieving low-bandgap perovskite solar cells with high stability.

scholarly journals Review of Interface Passivation of Perovskite Layer

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 775
Author(s):  
Yinghui Wu ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Jinyuan Liu ◽  
Houzhi Cai
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Interface Engineering ◽  
Perovskite Layer ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Interface Passivation ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Lead Halide ◽  
Main Factor

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the most promising substitute for silicon-based solar cells. However, their power conversion efficiency and stability must be improved. The recombination probability of the photogenerated carriers at each interface in a PSC is much greater than that of the bulk phase. The interface of a perovskite polycrystalline film is considered to be a defect-rich area, which is the main factor limiting the efficiency of a PSC. This review introduces and summarizes practical interface engineering techniques for improving the efficiency and stability of organic–inorganic lead halide PSCs. First, the effect of defects at the interface of the PSCs, the energy level alignment, and the chemical reactions on the efficiency of a PSC are summarized. Subsequently, the latest developments pertaining to a modification of the perovskite layers with different materials are discussed. Finally, the prospect of achieving an efficient PSC with long-term stability through the use of interface engineering is presented.

Reservoir Simulation: Past, Present, and Future

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current State ◽  
Reservoir Development ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
The Right

Abstract Reservoir simulation is a mature technology, and nearly all major reservoir development decisions are based in some way on simulation results. Despite this maturity, the technology is changing rapidly. It is important for both providers and users of reservoir simulation software to understand where this change is leading. This paper takes a long-term view of reservoir simulation, describing where it has been and where it is now. It closes with a prediction of what the reservoir simulation state of the art will be in 2007 and speculation regarding certain aspects of simulation in 2017. Introduction Today, input from reservoir simulation is used in nearly all major reservoir development decisions. This has come about in part through technology improvements that make it easier to simulate reservoirs on one hand and possible to simulate them more realistically on the other; however, although reservoir simulation has come a long way from its beginnings in the 1950's, substantial further improvement is needed, and this is stimulating continual change in how simulation is performed. Given that this change is occurring, both developers and users of simulation have an interest in understanding where it is leading. Obviously, developers of new simulation capabilities need this understanding in order to keep their products relevant and competitive. However, people that use simulation also need this understanding; how else can they be confident that the organizations that provide their simulators are keeping up with advancing technology and moving in the right direction? In order to understand where we are going, it is helpful to know where we have been. Thus, this paper begins with a discussion of historical developments in reservoir simulation. Then it briefly describes the current state of the art in terms of how simulation is performed today. Finally, it closes with some general predictions.

Use of Fresh Osteochondral Allografts in the Patellofemoral Joint

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kremser ◽  
Burak Altintas ◽  
Christian Lattermann
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Osteochondral Allograft ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Chondral Defects ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fresh Osteochondral Allograft

AbstractFresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation has become a mainstay for the treatment of osteochondral defects in the tibiofemoral joint. With excellent outcomes and high survival times, this technology has recently become more interesting for use in the patellofemoral (PF) joint. This review article will point out the historical difficulties that the use of fresh OCA poses. With newer surgical approaches and a better understanding of the mechanical requirements of the PF joint, the use of OCA transplantation has shown increasingly better results. Illustrating the technique for the preparation and implantation of single plug allografts and bulk allografts to the trochlea and patella as well as the analysis of the available literature, we point out the current state of the art as well as potentially achievable long-term results. Finally, we will point out emerging technology seeking to further develop the use of allograft technology in patellofemoral chondral defects.

Pyrite-Based Bi-Functional Layer for Long-Term Stability and High-Performance of Organo-Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (30) ◽  
pp. 5400-5407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonkee Koo ◽  
Heesuk Jung ◽  
Minwoo Park ◽  
Jae-Yup Kim ◽  
Hae Jung Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Functional Layer ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Lead Halide
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