scholarly journals Orientation Matters: Polarization Dependent IR Spectroscopy of Collagen from Intact Tendon Down to the Single Fibril Level

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4295
Author(s):  
Gorkem Bakir ◽  
Benoit E. Girouard ◽  
Richard Wiens ◽  
Stefan Mastel ◽  
Eoghan Dillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Type I ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Spectral Profiles ◽  
Ir Light

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been used for decades to study collagen in mammalian tissues. While many changes in the spectral profiles appear under polarized IR light, the absorption bands are naturally broad because of tissue heterogeneity. A better understanding of the spectra of ordered collagen will aid in the evaluation of disorder in damaged collagen and in scar tissue. To that end, collagen spectra have been acquired with polarized far-field (FF) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) imaging with a Focal Plane Array detector, with the relatively new method of FF optical photothermal IR (O-PTIR), and with nano-FTIR spectroscopy based on scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). The FF methods were applied to sections of intact tendon with fibers aligned parallel and perpendicular to the polarized light. The O-PTIR and nano-FTIR methods were applied to individual fibrils of 100–500 nm diameter, yielding the first confirmatory and complementary results on a biopolymer. We observed that the Amide I and II bands from the fibrils were narrower than those from the intact tendon, and that both relative intensities and band shapes were altered. These spectra represent reliable profiles for normal collagen type I fibrils of this dimension, under polarized IR light, and can serve as a benchmark for the study of collagenous tissues.

First Nano-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging Measurements of Single Phospholipid Bilayers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cernescu ◽  
Michał Szuwarzyński ◽  
Urszula Kwolek ◽  
Karol Wolski ◽  
Paweł Wydro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayers ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Protein Complement ◽  
20 Nm

<div><div>Scattering-mode Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (sSNOM) allows one to obtain absorption spectra in the mid-IR region for samples as small as 20 nm in size. This configuration has made it possible to measure FTIR spectra of the protein complement of membranes. (Amenabar 2013) We now show that mid-IR sSNOM has the sensitivity required to measure spectra of phospholipids in individual bilayers in the spectral range 800 cm<sup>-1</sup>–1400 cm<sup>-1</sup>. We have observed the main absorption bands of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine headgroups in this spectral region above noise level. We have also mapped the phosphate absorption band at 1070 cm<sup>-1</sup> simultaneously with the AFM topography. We have shown that we could achieve sufficient contrast to discriminate between single and multiple phospholipid bilayers and other structures, such as liposomes. This work opens the way to further research that uses nano-IR spectroscopy to describe the biochemistry of cell membranes and model systems.</div></div><div></div>

scholarly journals Possible effects of the Agaricus brasiliensis extract on the cardiac morphology in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021
Author(s):  
E. Lessna ◽  
L. Bruning ◽  
C. Bolina ◽  
D. Lima ◽  
I. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Type I ◽  
Agaricus Brasiliensis ◽  
Swiss Mice

Abstract Introduction: Mushroom extracts are used, mainly due to immunomodulatory and antitumor proprierties. Among the general and species is the Agaricus brasiliensis or SunMushroom. However herbal remedies can cause changes in morphology and functionality of various organs. Therefore, these reporters need to be analyzed for applicability of this compound. The aim of the present study was to analyze the structural characteristics of the heart of Swiss mice employing light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. Materials and methods: Swiss mice were used, divided into 2 groups: Control (n=6) and Agaricus brasiliensis (n=6), and the second group treated with the extract daily. After 60 days, under anesthesia withdrew from the samples, which were submitted to histological routine for obtaining serial sections. Results: Microscopic analysis revealed the aspects of the heart of Swiss mice: The formation of layers (epicardium, myocardium and endocardium) with partial view of the papillary muscles. Using the technique of Picro-Sirius: In yellow, the muscle fibers; in red, collagen fibers. Under polarized light, show the types of collagen fibers in red and green, significant collagen type I and III respectively. Conclusion: The arrangement of muscle fibers and collagen did not vary between the two groups.

First Nano-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging Measurements of Single Phospholipid Bilayers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cernescu ◽  
Michał Szuwarzyński ◽  
Urszula Kwolek ◽  
Karol Wolski ◽  
Paweł Wydro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayers ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Protein Complement ◽  
20 Nm

<div><div>Scattering-mode Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (sSNOM) allows one to obtain absorption spectra in the mid-IR region for samples as small as 20 nm in size. This configuration has made it possible to measure FTIR spectra of the protein complement of membranes. (Amenabar 2013) We now show that mid-IR sSNOM has the sensitivity required to measure spectra of phospholipids in individual bilayers in the spectral range 800 cm<sup>-1</sup>–1400 cm<sup>-1</sup>. We have observed the main absorption bands of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine headgroups in this spectral region above noise level. We have also mapped the phosphate absorption band at 1070 cm<sup>-1</sup> simultaneously with the AFM topography. We have shown that we could achieve sufficient contrast to discriminate between single and multiple phospholipid bilayers and other structures, such as liposomes. This work opens the way to further research that uses nano-IR spectroscopy to describe the biochemistry of cell membranes and model systems.</div></div><div></div>

Decreased Smad 7 expression contributes to cardiac fibrosis in the infarcted rat heart

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (5) ◽  
pp. H1685-H1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiqiu Wang ◽  
Jianming Hao ◽  
Stephen C. Jones ◽  
May-Sann Yee ◽  
Julie C. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Rat Fibroblasts

We examined the role of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling inhibitor Smad 7 in cardiac fibrosis. TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) was found to increase cytosolic Smad 7 expression in primary adult rat fibroblasts and induce rapid nuclear export of exogenous Smad 7 in COS-7 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Smad 7 in primary adult fibroblasts was associated with suppressed collagen type I and III expression. We detected Smad 7, phosphorylated Smad 2, TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI), and TGF-β1 proteins in postmyocardial infarct (MI) rat hearts. In 2 and 4 wk post-MI hearts, Smad 7 and TβRI expression were decreased in scar tissue, whereas TGF-β1 expression was increased in scar and viable tissue. In the 8 wk post-MI heart, Smad 7 expression was decreased in both scar tissue and myocardium remote to the infarct scar. Finally, we confirmed that these changes are paralleled by decreased expression of cytosolic phosphorylated receptor-regulated Smad 2 in 4-wk viable myocardium and in 2- and 4-wk infarct scar tissues. Taken together, our data imply that decreased inhibitory Smad 7 signal in cardiac fibroblasts may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis in the post-MI heart.

scholarly journals Evaluation of subcutaneous infiltration of autologous platelet-rich plasma on skin-wound healing in dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haithem A. Farghali ◽  
Naglaa A. AbdElKader ◽  
Marwa S. Khattab ◽  
Huda O. AbuBakr
Keyword(s):  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Type I ◽  
Skin Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Fluid

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known to be rich in growth factors and cytokines, which are crucial to the healing process. This study investigate the effect of subcutaneous (S/C) infiltration of autologous PRP at the wound boundaries on wound epithelization and contraction. Five adult male mongrel dogs were used. Bilateral acute full thickness skin wounds (3 cm diameter) were created on the thorax symmetrically. Right side wounds were subcutaneously infiltrated with activated PRP at day 0 and then every week for three consecutive weeks. The left wound was left as control. Wound contraction and epithelization were clinically evaluated. Expression of collagen type I (COLI) A2, (COLIA2),histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of COLI α1 (COLIA1) were performed on skin biopsies at first, second and third weeks. The catalase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 (MMP-9) activity were assessed in wound fluid samples. All data were analysed statistically. The epithelization percent significantly increased in the PRP-treated wound at week 3. Collagen was well organized in the PRP-treated wounds compared with control wounds at week 3. The COLIA2 expression and intensity of COLIA1 significantly increased in PRP-treated wounds. MDA concentration was significantly decreased in PRP-treated wound at week 3. The catalase activity exhibited no difference between PRP treated and untreated wounds. The activity of MMP-9 reached its peak at the second week and was significantly high in the PRP-treated group. S/C infiltration of autologous PRP at the wound margins enhances the wound epithelization and reduces the scar tissue formation.

First Nano-Infrared Spectroscopy and Imaging Measurements of Single Phospholipid Bilayers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cernescu ◽  
Michał Szuwarzyński ◽  
Urszula Kwolek ◽  
Karol Wolski ◽  
Paweł Wydro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Absorption Band ◽  
Spectral Region ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Phospholipid Bilayers ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Protein Complement ◽  
20 Nm

<div><div>Scattering-mode Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy (sSNOM) allows one to obtain absorption spectra in the mid-IR region for samples as small as 20 nm in size. This configuration has made it possible to measure FTIR spectra of the protein complement of membranes. (Amenabar 2013) We now show that mid-IR sSNOM has the sensitivity required to measure spectra of phospholipids in individual bilayers in the spectral range 800 cm<sup>-1</sup>–1400 cm<sup>-1</sup>. We have observed the main absorption bands of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine headgroups in this spectral region above noise level. We have also mapped the phosphate absorption band at 1070 cm<sup>-1</sup> simultaneously with the AFM topography. We have shown that we could achieve sufficient contrast to discriminate between single and multiple phospholipid bilayers and other structures, such as liposomes. This work opens the way to further research that uses nano-IR spectroscopy to describe the biochemistry of cell membranes and model systems.</div></div><div></div>

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