scholarly journals Insecticidal and Biting Deterrent Activities of Magnolia grandiflora Essential Oils and Selected Pure Compounds against Aedes aegypti

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Abbas Ali ◽  
Nurhayat Tabanca ◽  
Betul Demirci ◽  
Vijayasankar Raman ◽  
Jane M. Budel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Index Value

In our natural products screening program for mosquitoes, we tested essential oils extracted from different plant parts of Magnolia grandiflora L. for their insecticidal and biting deterrent activities against Aedes aegypti. Biting deterrence of seeds essential oil with biting deterrence index value of 0.89 was similar to N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). All the other oils were active above the solvent control but the activity was significantly lower than DEET. Based on GC-MS analysis, three pure compounds that were only present in the essential oil of seed were further investigated to identify the compounds responsible for biting deterrent activity. 1-Decanol with PNB value of 0.8 was similar to DEET (PNB = 0.8), whereas 1-octanol with PNB value of 0.64 showed biting deterrence lower than 1-decanol and DEET. The activity of 1-heptanol with PNB value of 0.36 was similar to the negative control. Since 1-decanol, which was 3.3% of the seed essential oil, showed biting deterrence similar to DEET as a pure compound, this compound might be responsible for the activity of this oil. In in vitro A & K bioassay, 1-decanol with MED value of 6.25 showed higher repellency than DEET (MED = 12.5). Essential oils of immature and mature fruit showed high toxicity whereas leaf, flower, and seeds essential oils gave only 20%, 0%, and 50% mortality, respectively, at the highest dose of 125 ppm. 1-Decanol with LC50 of 4.8 ppm was the most toxic compound.

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIFITAS FORMULA SPRAY DARI MINYAK ATSIRI HERBA KEMANGI (Ocimum Sanctum L ) SEBAGAI REPELLENT NYAMUK Aedes aegypti

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Resmi Aini ◽  
Rina Widiastuti ◽  
Nuha Afra Nadhifa
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
A Value ◽  
Post Test

Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with denguevirus. Preparations antinyamuk much use of harmful chemicals such as DEET (diethylmetatoluamide) and permethrin that can lead to pollution of the environment, leavingno residue and cause resistance to the drug. To determine the activity of essential oils from herbs basil (Ocimum Sanctum L) in the preparation of spray as a mosquito repellent and determine the effective concentrationof the spray.This type of research is True experiment with design Post Test Only Control Group Design. Repellent activity was observed by means of spray is sprayed on the back of the hand probandus, then tested on female mosquitoes with the introduction into the cage containing20 mosquitoes each treatment. Spray essential oils showed repellent activity of Aedes aegypti with a value of correlation r = 0.964 higher concentration of essential oils the fewer mosquitoes that land. Spray herbal essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum L) has a repellent activitycompared to the negative control. The effectiveness of the herb basil essential oil sprayobtainedat 74.131 ppm lC50 and lC90 of  775.711 ppm

scholarly journals Actividad antifúngica de Cymbopogon citratus contra Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Francisco Pérez Cordero ◽  
Leonardo Miguel Chamorro Anaya ◽  
Deimer Calixto Vitola Romero ◽  
Jesús María Hernández Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
A Value

The objective of this research was to evaluate in vitro the inhibitory activity of essential oils from fresh leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in yam. The research was conducted in the department of Sucre, Colombia. The essential oils of C. citratus were collected in the municipalities of Sincelejo, La Union and Sampues, in September and October 2015. The essential oil was extract from fresh leaves using the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation. Concentrations of 5000, 8000 and 10 000 ppm of each essential oil were prepared. An absolute control, a positive control (benomyl 1 g/l) and a negative control was used. An inhibitory activity was obtained by using the direct seeding on surface of the potato-dextrose-agar method and it was expressed as percentage of inhibition rate. The chemical characterization of essential oils was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The highest percentages of antifungal index were observed in the lemongrass from Sincelejo at concentrations of 5000, 8000 and 10 000 ppm, after in La Union at 8000 and 10 000 ppm, and finally at Sampues at 10 000 ppm, with a value of 97.77%; the effect was similar to the positive control with benomyl 1 g/l. Citral was the main constituent of the essential oils extracted. The essential oils obtained from the three municipalities showed antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides. 

Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
pp. 4092-4111
Author(s):  
Mikael A. de Souza ◽  
Larissa da Silva ◽  
Maria A. C. dos Santos ◽  
Márcia J. F. Macêdo ◽  
Luiz J. Lacerda-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Natural Insecticides ◽  
Methods Analytical ◽  
Meta Analyses

The Aedes aegypti is responsible for the transmission of arboviruses, which compromise public health. In the search for synthetic product alternatives, essential oils (OEs) have been highlighted by many researchers as natural insecticides. This systematic review (SR) was performed according to PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and its objective was to evaluate studies addressing OEs with larvicidal properties against Ae. aegypti, through electronic database searches (Pubmed, Science Direct and Scielo), covering an overview of the plant sources OEs, which plant parts were used, the extraction methods, analytical techniques, major and/or secondary constituents with greater percentages, as well as the LC50s responsible for larval mortality. Following study analysis, plants distributed across 32 families, 90 genera and 175 species were identified. The Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Piperaceae, Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lauraceae families obtained the highest number of species with toxic properties against larvae from this vector. Practically all plant parts were found to be used for OE extraction. Hydrodistillation and steam distillation were the main extraction methods identified, with GC-MS/GC-FID representing the main analytical techniques used to reveal their chemical composition, especially of terpene compounds. In this context, OEs are promising alternatives for the investigation of natural, ecologically correct and biodegradable insecticides with the potential to be used in Ae. aegypti control programs.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Essential Oils on Selected Weeds: Potential Hazard on Food Crops

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ibáñez ◽  
María Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

The chemical composition of winter savory, peppermint, and anise essential oils, and in vitro and in vivo phytotoxic activity against weeds (Portulaca oleracea, Lolium multiflorum, and Echinochloa crus-galli) and food crops (maize, rice, and tomato), have been studied. Sixty-four compounds accounting for between 97.67–99.66% of the total essential oils were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Winter savory with carvacrol (43.34%) and thymol (23.20%) as the main compounds produced a total inhibitory effect against the seed germination of tested weed. Menthol (48.23%), menthone (23.33%), and iso-menthone (16.33%) from peppermint only showed total seed germination inhibition on L. multiflorum, whereas no significant effects were observed with trans-anethole (99.46%) from anise at all concentrations (0.125–1 µL/mL). Low doses of peppermint essential oil could be used as a sustainable alternative to synthetic agrochemicals to control L. multiflorum. The results corroborate that in vivo assays with a commercial emulsifiable concentrate need higher doses of the essential oils to reproduce previous in vitro trials. The higher in vivo phytotoxicity of winter savory essential oil constitutes an eco-friendly and less pernicious alternative to weed control. It is possible to achieve a greater in vivo phytotoxicity if less active essential oil like peppermint is included with other active excipients.

scholarly journals Insecticidal and repellent activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J Presl. var. hosyo (Hon-Sho) on Sitophilus zeamaisMots. (Coleoptera, Curculionedae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. CANSIAN ◽  
V. ASTOLFI ◽  
R.I. CARDOSO ◽  
N. PAROUL ◽  
S.S. ROMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Lethal Doses ◽  
Repellency Activity

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal and repellency activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fujita (Ho-Sho) and Cinnamomumcamphora (L.) J Presl.var. hosyo (Hon-Sho), against the Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS.The insecticidal activity was determined by the toxicity of different concentrations of essential oils during 24 hours of contact with the insects, in the absence of feed substrate. The Bioassays of repellency were conducted with lethal doses (LD50,LD25,and LD12.5) obtained from insecticidal bioassay. In order to compare the treatments the preference index (PI) was employed. The analysis of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora leaves indicated 68% of camphor and 9% of linalool for the variation Hon-Sho and 95% of linalool to the variation Ho-Sho. The variation Ho-Sho presented greatest insecticidal activity than the variation Hon-Sho against the Sitophiluszeamais, with LD50 of 0.35 μL/cm2, whereas in the variation Hon-Sho the ratewas 0.48 μL/cm2. However, considering only the concentrations of linalool and camphor of Ho-Sho and Hon-Sho, the lethal doses’ evaluation of these compounds were similar. The values of the preference index ranged from -0.3 to -0.8 for thevariation Ho-Sho and -0.2 to -0.7 for the variation Hon-Sho. The essential oils evaluated in this work showed repellent activity against Sitophiluszeamais in vitro and in trials performed in mini-silos.

scholarly journals Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) leaf and flower essential oils to control Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini (Arachnida: Ixodidae) in the free-living stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e5049108788
Author(s):  
Luciane Neris Cazella ◽  
Herika Line de Marko de Oliveira ◽  
Wanessa de Campos Bortolucci ◽  
Isabelle Luiz Rahal ◽  
Irinéia Paulina Baretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Egg Hatchability

Baccharis dracunculifolia, native to Brazil and the main source of “green propolis”, has been reported with several biological activities, and may be a source of bovine tick control substituting synthetic acaricides. Objective: to evaluate the in vitro and ex situ acaricidal activity of B. dracunculifolia leaf and flower essential oils against Rhipicephalus microplus. Methodology: the essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry; the acaricidal activity of the essential oil was evaluated in vitro against adult females and against the egg hatchability; moreover, the acaricidal activity against tick larvae was evaluated in vitro and ex situ. Results: the major class of the essential oils was oxygenated sesquiterpene (55.1% leaves 50.4% flowers) and the main compounds were (21.5% leaves; 20.6% flowers) and spathulenol (21.8% leaves; 20.3% flowers). The essential oil at 500 mg/mL was effective to control egg hatchability with a reduction of egg laying capacity and decrease of number of adult ticks and larvae. The larvicidal activity of the essential oil had LC99.9 from 35 to 37 mg/mL by probit analysis, and the essential oil from 11 to 14 mg/mL presented 85 to 95% of treatment efficiency in the ex situ test. Conclusion: B. dracunculifolia leaf and flower essential oils are stable and have application potential to control bovine ticks.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization and Antidiabetic Activity of Essential Oils from Pelargonium graveolens Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Javed Ahamad ◽  
Subasini Uthirapathy
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens

Pelargonium graveolens (Geranium) is a source of the finest quality of fragrance and its essential oils are used as antibacterial, and antifungal agents. The aim of the current research is to determine chemical constituents in the essential oil of P. graveolens by GC-MS and evaluate its antidiabetic activity via α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The chemical composition of P. graveolens essential oil was determined by GC/MS and its antidiabetic activity was assessed through inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme in in-vitro models. GC-MS analysis determines 36 chemical components in the essential oil of P. graveolens leaves, and citronellyl isovalerate (10.41 %), menthol (9.61 %), linalool (8.63 %), p-menthone (6.31 %), and geranyl tiglate (4.99 %) were recorded as major constituents. The essential oil of P. graveolens leaves showed concentration dependant inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme ranging from 28.13±1.41 to 74.24±2.53 µg/mL for concentration ranging from 31.25 to 1000 µg/mL. The IC50 values for of P. graveolens and acarbose were found as 93.72±4.76 and 80.4±2.17 µg/mL, respectively against the α-glucosidase enzyme. The study finding explores the chemical components of P. graveolens growing in the Iraqi Kurdistan region and scientifically supported its possible use in diabetic patients for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Komposisi Minyak Atsiri dan Aktivitas Antimikroba Rimpang Temu Putih dan Jahe Gajah sebagai Fitobiotik Pakan Unggas

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Laila Nur Rohma ◽  
Laila Nur Rohma ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan ◽  
M. Halim Natsir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Main Component

ABSTRAK                                                                        Imbuhan pakan unggas dapat berasal dari bahan herbal yang mengandung berbagai komponen aktif yang bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan ternak.Temu putih dan jahe gajah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai imbuhan pakan karena mengandung minyak atsiri yang dapat berperan sebagai agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen penyusun minyak atsiri dan aktivitas antimikroba pada rimpang temu putih dan jahe gajah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan in vitro menggunakan temu putih dan jahe gajah yang diolah menjadi bentuk ekstrak minyak atsiri temu putih dan jahe gajah sebagai materi uji komposisi penyusun minyak atsiri serta bentuktepung dan enkapsulasi sebagai materi uji aktivitas antimikroba. Komposisi minyak atsiri temu putih terdiri dari lima komponen penyusun dengan cis-1,7-octadien-3-yl acetat sebagai komponen utama. Komposisi minyak atsiri jahe gajah terdiri dari tujuh komponen dan benzene,1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl-(CAS) ar-curcumene sebagai komponen utama. Minyak atsiri yang terkandung pada temu putih dan jahe gajah mempunyai peran dalam menghambat mikroba. Uji komposisi penyusun minyak atsiri menggunakan alat GC-MS dan uji aktivitas antimikroba menggunakan metode disc diffusion dan. Hasil dari uji aktivitas antimikroba menunjukkan bahwa temu putih dan jahe gajah dalam bentuk tepung dan enkapsulasi memiliki perbedaan yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap aktivitas antimikroba pada bakteri asam laktat, Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. Campuran temu putih dan jahe gajah (1:1) menunjukkan kemampuan terbaik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen dengan diameter zona hambat 5,70±0,14 mm  (Escherichia coli) dan 6,88±0,45 mm (Salmonella sp.).Kata Kunci : antimikroba, fitobiotik, jahe gajah, minyak atsiri, temu putihABSTRACTThe poultry feed additives can contain herbal ingredients that contain various beneficial components for livestock growth. White turmeric and giant ginger can be used as feed additives because they contain essential oils that can be used as antibacterial agents. This study aims to determine the constituent components of essential oils and antimicrobial activity in white turmeric and giant ginger rhizomes. The study was carried out by in vitro experiments using white turmeric and giant ginger which were processed into the form of essential oil extract as material for the composition of essential oils test, and powder and encapsulation form as antimicrobial activity test material. The composition of essential oils of white turmeric consists of five constituent components with cis-1,7-octadien-3-yl acetate as the main component. The composition of giant ginger essential oil consists of seven components with benzene, 1- (1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl) -4-methyl- (CAS) ar-curcumene as the main component. Essential oils contained in the white turmeric and giant ginger have a role in inhibiting microbes. The composition of the essential oil tested using GC-MS and the antimicrobial activity test used the disc diffusion method. The results of the antimicrobial activity test showed that white turmeric and giant ginger in powder and encapsulation form had significant differences (P <0.01) on antimicrobial activity in lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The mixture of white turmeric and giant ginger (1: 1) showed the best ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria with inhibitory zone diameters of 5.70 ± 0.14 mm (Escherichia coli) and 6.88 ± 0.45 mm (Salmonella sp.).Keywords: antimicrobial, essential oil, giant ginger, phytobiotic, white turmeric

scholarly journals Comparative investigation of sesquiterpene components of essential oils originating from intact plants and hairy root chamomile cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 028-049
Author(s):  
Éva Szőke ◽  
Éva Lemberkovics
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Biologically Active

The importance of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) inflorescence is widely known in classical and folk medicine, with the largest group of its effective constituents forming the essential oil (chamazulene, a-bisabolol, α-farnesene, trans-β-farnesene, spathulenol, cis/trans-en-in-dicycloethers). Among cultivated species, the Hungarian BK-2 contains more chamazulene in its essential oil than the German Degumil type, which is mainly cultivated for its a-bisabolol. Both components have important antiinflammatory activities. Wild populations can be easily distinguished from cultivated ones by their high amount of bisaboloides, particularly the flower of Hungarian Szabadkígyós wild type, which contained on average 48 % of the biologically active (-)-a-bisabolol. The population of Szabadkígyós has good salt tolerance which is important owing to global warming, because the proportion of saline areas is increasing worldwide. To keep the genome of Szabadkígyós having high (-)-a-bisabolol content, Szőke and research team used biotechnological methods. Sterile plantlets, were infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains #A-4, #15834, #R-1601. The hairy root clones possessing the best growing and biosynthetical potential were multiplied for phytochemical investigations. Pharmacologically important compounds of their essential oils were followed in great detail. The amount of in vitro cultured terpenoids and polyin compounds was compared with that of in vivo plants. GC-MS studies showed that sterile chamomile cultures generated the most important terpenoid and polyin compounds characteristics of the mother plant. Berkheyaradulene, geranyl-isovalerat and cedrol as new components were identified in these sterile cultures. The main component of hairy root cultures (D/400, D/1, D/100 and Sz/400) was tr-b-farnesene and in addition one new compound: a-selinene was identified. Hairy root culture originated from chamomile collected in Szabadkígyós was intensive increased the essential oil content and pharmacological active compounds: (-) -α-bisabolol and β-eudesmol was also synthetized in large quantity. Furthermore, in vitro organized cultures were made from this population to obtain propagation material containing numerous active substances.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils from four Asteraceae plants grown in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Vanessa Bandeira Reidel ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Francesca Mancianti ◽  
Claudia Anedda ◽  
Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
First Time

Abstract The objective of the present paper was the assessment of the chemical composition of the essential oils from four Asteraceae species with a considerable food, medicinal, and agricultural value, collected in Egypt, together with their in vitro inhibitory activity against molds and yeasts. The essential oil of Launaea cornuta flowers was also evaluated for the first time, but because of its very low yield (<0.01%), no antifungal test was performed.

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