scholarly journals The Biosurfactant β-Aescin: A Review on the Physico-Chemical Properties and Its Interaction with Lipid Model Membranes and Langmuir Monolayers

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramsia Geisler ◽  
Carina Dargel ◽  
Thomas Hellweg
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Langmuir Monolayers ◽  
Model Membranes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Gel Phase

This review discusses recent progress in physicochemical understanding of the action of the saponin β -aescin (also called β -escin), the biologically active component in the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum. β -Aescin is used in pharmacological and cosmetic applications showing strong surface activity. In this review, we outline the most important findings describing the behavior of β -aescin in solution (e.g., critical micelle concentration ( c m c ) and micelle shape) and special physicochemical properties of adsorbed β -aescin monolayers at the air–water and oil–water interface. Such monolayers were found to posses very special viscoelastic properties. The presentation of the experimental findings is complemented by discussing recent molecular dynamics simulations. These simulations do not only quantify the predominant interactions in adsorbed monolayers but also highlight the different behavior of neutral and ionized β -aescin molecules. The review concludes on the interaction of β -aescin with phospholipid model membranes in the form of bilayers and Langmuir monolayers. The interaction of β -aescin with lipid bilayers was found to strongly depend on its c m c . At concentrations below the c m c , membrane parameters are modified whereas above the c m c , complete solubilization of the bilayers occurs, depending on lipid phase state and concentration. In the presence of gel-phase phospholipids, discoidal bicelles form; these are tunable in size by composition. The phase behavior of β -aescin with lipid membranes can also be modified by addition of other molecules such as cholesterol or drug molecules. The lipid phase state also determines the penetration rate of β -aescin molecules into lipid monolayers. The strongest interaction was always found in the presence of gel-phase phospholipid molecules.

Fish Antifreeze Glycoproteins Protect Cellular Membranes During Lipid-Phase Transitions

Physiology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
LM Hays ◽  
RE Feeney ◽  
F Tablin ◽  
AE Oliver ◽  
NJ Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Antarctic Fish ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Ice Crystal ◽  
Antifreeze Glycoproteins ◽  
Lipid Phase Transitions ◽  
Gel Phase

Antifreeze proteins from Antarctic fish depress solution freezing temperatures, inhibit ice crystal formation, and prevent recrystallization on rewarming. They have been used to enhance survival of some cell types during hypothermic storage. The mechanism of their protection is thought to be important during the transition of lipid bilayers from a liquid crystalline to a gel phase.

Making lipid membranes even tougher

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 2189-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jognandan Prashar ◽  
Phillip Sharp ◽  
Mathew Scarffe ◽  
Bruce Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Molecular Sensing ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Supported Lipid Membranes ◽  
Term Storage

Biosensors based on lipid membranes promise an inexpensive and versatile platform for application in many fields of molecular sensing. An extensive review of the applications for tethered membranes was reported in the July 2006 MRS Bulletin [A.N. Parikh and J.T. Groves, Materials science of supported lipid membranes. MRS Bull.31(8), 507 (2006)]. The commercial use to which tethered lipid membranes have been applied has been limited by their stability under long-term storage. This report describes a novel membrane construct that is stable at room temperature for months, eliminates the mobile lipid phase present in lipid bilayers, and is robust against detergents under conditions that would destroy a lipid bilayer.

scholarly journals Mimicking the Mammalian Plasma Membrane: An Overview of Lipid Membrane Models for Biophysical Studies

Biomimetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Alessandra Luchini ◽  
Giuseppe Vitiello
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Membrane Models ◽  
The Impact

Cell membranes are very complex biological systems including a large variety of lipids and proteins. Therefore, they are difficult to extract and directly investigate with biophysical methods. For many decades, the characterization of simpler biomimetic lipid membranes, which contain only a few lipid species, provided important physico-chemical information on the most abundant lipid species in cell membranes. These studies described physical and chemical properties that are most likely similar to those of real cell membranes. Indeed, biomimetic lipid membranes can be easily prepared in the lab and are compatible with multiple biophysical techniques. Lipid phase transitions, the bilayer structure, the impact of cholesterol on the structure and dynamics of lipid bilayers, and the selective recognition of target lipids by proteins, peptides, and drugs are all examples of the detailed information about cell membranes obtained by the investigation of biomimetic lipid membranes. This review focuses specifically on the advances that were achieved during the last decade in the field of biomimetic lipid membranes mimicking the mammalian plasma membrane. In particular, we provide a description of the most common types of lipid membrane models used for biophysical characterization, i.e., lipid membranes in solution and on surfaces, as well as recent examples of their applications for the investigation of protein-lipid and drug-lipid interactions. Altogether, promising directions for future developments of biomimetic lipid membranes are the further implementation of natural lipid mixtures for the development of more biologically relevant lipid membranes, as well as the development of sample preparation protocols that enable the incorporation of membrane proteins in the biomimetic lipid membranes.

scholarly journals Structure, Formation, and Biological Interactions of Supported Lipid Bilayers (SLB) Incorporating Lipopolysaccharide

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Palak Sondhi ◽  
Dhanbir Lingden ◽  
Keith J. Stine
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Supported Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Model Lipid Membranes ◽  
Biomimetic Membrane

Biomimetic membrane systems play a crucial role in the field of biosensor engineering. Over the years, significant progress has been achieved creating artificial membranes by various strategies from vesicle fusion to Langmuir transfer approaches to meet an ever-growing demand for supported lipid bilayers on various substrates such as glass, mica, gold, polymer cushions, and many more. This paper reviews the diversity seen in the preparation of biologically relevant model lipid membranes which includes monolayers and bilayers of phospholipid and other crucial components such as proteins, characterization techniques, changes in the physical properties of the membranes during molecular interactions and the dynamics of the lipid membrane with biologically active molecules with special emphasis on lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

scholarly journals Influence of Triphenyllead Chloride on Biological and Model Membranes

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 764-769
Author(s):  
Halina Kleszczyńska ◽  
Krzysztof Bielecki ◽  
Janusz Sarapuk ◽  
Anna Dziamska ◽  
Stanislaw Przestalski
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Model Membranes ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Model Lipid Membranes ◽  
Osmotic Stability ◽  
Spirodela Oligorrhiza

Abstract The physiological and hemolytic toxicities of triphenyllead chloride (TPhL) as well as its modyfying influence on model lipid membranes were studied. The experiments allowed the determination of TPhL concentrations causing 50% inhibition of growth of Spirodela oligorrhiza, Lemna minor and Solvinia natans (EC50), 100% hemolysis of pig erythrocytes (C100) and destabilization of planar lipid membranes (CC). Also, fluidity of erythrocyte ghosts was measured by fluorescence technique and osmotic sensitivity of erythrocytes to the presence of TPhL. All parameters studied were found to be dependent on pH, of experimental solutions and the concentration of TPhL. Acidic conditions increased EC50, C100 and CC concentrations of TPhL. Fluorescence and osmotic measurements showed that osmotic stability and fluidity decreased with increasing trimethyllead concentration. A possible mechanism of TPhL toxicity is discussed. It is assumed that TPhL is interacting with the lipid phase of the models used. It is also assumed that there may exist various, ionic and nonionic, forms of TPhL as a result of its speciation under different experimental conditions. These species, due to their differentiated lipophilicity, may exert different effects on the model membranes studied.

The Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptide affects the size-dynamics of raft-mimicking Lo domains in GM1-containing lipid bilayers

Soft Matter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (47) ◽  
pp. 9609-9618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galya Staneva ◽  
Nicolas Puff ◽  
Stanislav Stanimirov ◽  
Todor Tochev ◽  
Miglena I. Angelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Model Membranes ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Amyloid Β Peptide ◽  
Ganglioside Gm1

The Alzheimer amyloid β-peptide binds to the liquid-disordered lipid phase and modulates the nanodomain–microdomain size dynamics of raft-mimicking Lo domains in model membranes containing the ganglioside GM1.

Minimal Radius of Curvature of Lipid Bilayers in the Gel Phase State Corresponds to the Dimension of Biomembrane Structures “Caveolae”

1998 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut W. Meyer ◽  
Martin Westermann ◽  
Matthias Stumpf ◽  
Walter Richter ◽  
Anne S. Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Minimal Radius ◽  
Gel Phase

Observation of Concanavalin-A receptors on hydrated planar erythrocyte membrane film by in situ electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
Neng-Bo He ◽  
S.W. Hui
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Black Lipid Membranes ◽  
Fine Mesh ◽  
Planar Films

Monolayers and planar "black" lipid membranes have been widely used as models for studying the structure and properties of biological membranes. Because of the lack of a suitable method to prepare these membranes for electron microscopic observation, their ultrastructure is so far not well understood. A method of forming molecular bilayers over the holes of fine mesh grids was developed by Hui et al. to study hydrated and unsupported lipid bilayers by electron diffraction, and to image phase separated domains by diffraction contrast. We now adapted the method of Pattus et al. of spreading biological membranes vesicles on the air-water interfaces to reconstitute biological membranes into unsupported planar films for electron microscopic study. hemoglobin-free human erythrocyte membrane stroma was prepared by hemolysis. The membranes were spreaded at 20°C on balanced salt solution in a Langmuir trough until a surface pressure of 20 dyne/cm was reached. The surface film was repeatedly washed by passing to adjacent troughs over shallow partitions (fig. 1).

An Update on Recent Advances in Cubosome: A Novel Drug Delivery System

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhukar Garg ◽  
Anju Goyal ◽  
Sapna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Novel Drug

: Cubosomes are highly stable nanostructured liquid crystalline dosage delivery form derived from amphiphilic lipids and polymer-based stabilizers converting it in a form of effective biocompatible carrier for the drug delivery. The delivery form comprised of bicontinuous lipid bilayers arranged in three dimensional honeycombs like structure provided with two internal aqueous channels for incorporation of number of biologically active ingredients. In contrast liposomes they provide large surface area for incorporation of different types of ingredients. Due to the distinct advantages of biocompatibility and thermodynamic stability, cubosomes have remained the first preference as method of choice in the sustained release, controlled release and targeted release dosage forms as new drug delivery system for the better release of the drugs. As lot of advancement in the new form of dosage form has bring the novel avenues in drug delivery mechanisms so it was matter of worth to compile the latest updates on the various aspects of mentioned therapeutic delivery system including its structure, routes of applications along with the potential applications to encapsulate variety drugs to serve health related benefits.

scholarly journals Cardiolipin-Containing Lipid Membranes Attract the Bacterial Cell Division Protein DivIVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8350
Author(s):  
Naďa Labajová ◽  
Natalia Baranova ◽  
Miroslav Jurásek ◽  
Robert Vácha ◽  
Martin Loose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Lipid Bilayers ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Membrane Curvature ◽  
Bacterial Cell Division ◽  
Division Site ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile

DivIVA is a protein initially identified as a spatial regulator of cell division in the model organism Bacillus subtilis, but its homologues are present in many other Gram-positive bacteria, including Clostridia species. Besides its role as topological regulator of the Min system during bacterial cell division, DivIVA is involved in chromosome segregation during sporulation, genetic competence, and cell wall synthesis. DivIVA localizes to regions of high membrane curvature, such as the cell poles and cell division site, where it recruits distinct binding partners. Previously, it was suggested that negative curvature sensing is the main mechanism by which DivIVA binds to these specific regions. Here, we show that Clostridioides difficile DivIVA binds preferably to membranes containing negatively charged phospholipids, especially cardiolipin. Strikingly, we observed that upon binding, DivIVA modifies the lipid distribution and induces changes to lipid bilayers containing cardiolipin. Our observations indicate that DivIVA might play a more complex and so far unknown active role during the formation of the cell division septal membrane.

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