scholarly journals Renoprotective Effect of Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide in Adenine-Induced Chronic Renal Failure

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Long ◽  
Qiang-Ming Li ◽  
Qing Fang ◽  
Li-Hua Pan ◽  
Xue-Qiang Zha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Reduce Weight Loss ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major public health problem worldwide. In this work, we investigated the effects of a purified Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP61A) on renal function using an adenine-induced CRF mice model. Results exhibited that adenine treatment caused serious renal pathological damages and elevation of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of mice. However, these changes could be significantly reversed by the administration of LJP61A in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, LJP61A could dramatically reduce weight loss, improve the urine biochemical index, and regulate the electrolyte disturbance of CRF mice. These results suggest that the renal function of adenine-induced CRF mice can be improved by LJP61A, which might be developed into a potential therapeutic agent for CRF patients.

scholarly journals Renoprotective Effect of Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide in Adenine-Induced Chronic Renal Failure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Long ◽  
Qiang-Ming Li ◽  
Qing Fang ◽  
Li-Hua Pan ◽  
Xue-Qiang Zha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbance ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major public health problem worldwide. In this work, we investigated the effects of a purified Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP61A) on the renal function using adenine-induced CRF mice model. Results exhibited that adenine treatment caused serious renal pathological damages and elevation of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen of mice. However, these changes could be significantly reversed by the administration of LJP61A in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, LJP61A could dramatically reduce the weight loss, improve the urine biochemical index, and regulate the electrolyte disturbance of CRF mice. These results suggested that the renal functions of adenine-induced CRF mice could be improved by LJP61A, which might be developed to a potential therapeutic agent for CRF patients.

Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Administration Decreases the Frequency of Excessive Apoptosis in Erythroid Progenitors in the Model Mouse of Anemia Due to Chronic Renal Failure.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3668-3668
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Oyake ◽  
Shigeki Ito ◽  
Shugo Kowata ◽  
Kazunori Murai ◽  
Yoji Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Apoptotic Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Erythroid Progenitors ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Model Mouse ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) administration results in a dramatic improvement of anemia due to chronic renal failure (ACRF). We reported that excessive apoptosis in erythroid progenitors was observed in ACRF patients before rh-EPO administration, and that we have established the model mouse of ACRF by administration of adenine-rich diets (ADRD) in ASH meetings 2001 and 2006. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of apoptosis in bone marrow erythroid cells of the model mouse before and after erythropoietin (EPO) administration, to confirm the hypothesis that excessive apoptosis in erythroid progenitors induced anemia via insufficient production of EPO. ADRD was administrated to C57B6 male mice for 8 weeks. Every day subcutaneous administration of EPO started at 6 weeks and continued for 2 weeks. Serum BUN and Crt levels began to elevate from 2 weeks after ADRD administration (Table1). Hb levels began to decrease from 5 weeks after ADRD administration and increased after EPO administration in a dose dependent manner (Table1, Figure1). The frequencies of apoptosis in erythroid progenitors and mature erythroblasts were evaluated by three color flow cytometric analysis using anti-CD34-antibody, anti-EPO-receptor (EPO-R)-antibody and AnnexinV. Erythroid progenitors were identified as CD34(+) and EPO-R(+) cells, and mature erythroblasts identified as CD34(−) and EPO-R(+) cells. Much higher frequency of apoptosis was observed in erythroid progenitors at 6 weeks after ADRD administration (76.4±5.3%, n=4), while, the frequency of apoptosis decreased dramatically after EPO administration in a dose dependent manner (0U/kg/day: 70.1±6.9% at 7 weeks, 73.8±8.7% at 8 weeks, 10U/kg/day: 48.1±5.4%* at 7 weeks, 46.9±4.2%* at 8 weeks, 100U/kg/day: 36.9±2.5%* at 7 weeks, 21.2±6.8%* at 8 weeks, 1000U/kg/day: 18.4±2.9%* at 7 weeks, 15.1±3.5%* at 8 weeks, each n=4, *p<0.01) (Figure2). The frequency of apoptosis was not increased in mature erythroblasts at each week after ADRD administration. Our findings suggested that excessive apoptosis occurred mainly in CD34(+) erythroid progenitors by insufficient production of EPO, and that EPO had the anti-apoptotic effect to erythroid progenitors. Insufficient production of EPO might be one of the important causes of ACRF. Table 1. BUN, Crt and Hb levels in C57B6 mice after ADRD administration. 0 week 2 weeks 4 weeks 5 weeks 6 weeks 7 weeks 8 weeks BUN (mg/dl) 40.1±4.60 73.2±14.4 150.7±11.6 148.8±4.60 164.0±8.40 161.8±16.4 193.0±9.10 Crt (mg/dl) 0.06±0.04 0.30±0.03 0.51±0.07 0.52±0.09 0.68±0.09 0.65±0.04 0.80±0.17 Hb (g/dl) 13.6±0.4 13.3±0.3 13.2±0.2 11.1±0.1 10.2±0.5 9.6±0.1 8.3±0.5 Figure 1. Hb levels in C57B6 mice after ADRD and EPO administration. Figure 1. Hb levels in C57B6 mice after ADRD and EPO administration. Figure 2. The frequency of apoptotic cells positive for CD34 and EPO-R in C57B6 mice after ADRD and EPO administration. Figure 2. The frequency of apoptotic cells positive for CD34 and EPO-R in C57B6 mice after ADRD and EPO administration.

scholarly journals Laboratory Markers of Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk in Renal Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Mozos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Electrocardiographic Monitoring ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Pth Level

Sudden cardiac death continues to be a major public health problem. Ventricular arrhythmia is a main cause of sudden cardiac death. The present review addresses the links between renal function tests, several laboratory markers, and ventricular arrhythmia risk in patients with renal disease, undergoing or not hemodialysis or renal transplant, focusing on recent clinical studies. Therapy of hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia should be an emergency and performed simultaneously under electrocardiographic monitoring in patients with renal failure. Serum phosphates and iron, PTH level, renal function, hemoglobin and hematocrit, pH, inflammatory markers, proteinuria and microalbuminuria, and osmolarity should be monitored, besides standard 12-lead ECG, in order to prevent ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.

scholarly journals In vitro Cercaricidal Activity of Fractions and Isolated Compounds of Erythrophleum ivorense (Fabaceae) Root Bark against Schistosoma haematobium

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Francis A. Armah ◽  
Benjamin Amoani ◽  
Isaac T. Henneh ◽  
Rita A. Dickson ◽  
Christian K. Adokoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immature Form ◽  
Dose Dependent

Introduction: Schistosoma haematobium is one of the species of Schistosoma responsible for schistosomiasis in humans, a major public health problem worldwide. Praziquantel, the most effective drug against all adult stages of human schistosomiasis, faces the threat of resistance and also has sub-optimal efficacy against cercaria, an immature form of schistosomiasis. This underscores the need to search for an alternative anti-schistosomal drug with pronounced activity particularly against cercaria. Aim: This study investigated anti-cercarial activity of total crude (70% ethanolic extract), fractions (methanolic, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether) and isolated bioactive compounds from the root bark of Erythrophleum ivorense. Study Design: In vitro anti-cercarial activity was evaluated using 20 freshly shed cercariae from Schistosoma haematobium species transferred into 20 well plates. Cercaricidal effect of the various concentrations (15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125.0, 250.0 and 500.0 µg/mL) of test extracts and compounds were observed for 3 hours using an inverted microscopy. The results showed that extracts and compounds of the plant decreased percentage viability of cercariae in a dose-dependent manner. Results: Within two hours of incubation, all cercariae died at the various concentrations of test compounds and extracts with the exception of methanol extract and the bioactive compound erythroivorensin at 15.6

Oral and Maxillofacial Manifestations of Mineral and Bone Disorders Associated with Chronic Renal Failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1328
Author(s):  
Andrada Raluca Doscas ◽  
Mihail Balan ◽  
Mihai Liviu Ciofu ◽  
Doriana Agop Forna ◽  
Marius Cristian Martu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Brown Tumors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial syndrome and a global health concern. As renal function declines, there is a progressive deterioration of mineral homeostasis. Starting from stage 3 of CKD oral manifestations of mineral disorders can occasionally appear and become more frequent and evident in stage 5. We retrospectively analysed 43 patients diagnosed with end stage renal failure undergoing dialysis, hospitalized in our clinic for different oral and maxillofacial pathologies. The mean dialysis period was 5.43 years. Radiographic alterations afecting the jaws were found in all patients. The most common feature was partial or total loss of lamina dura, followed by alterations of the bony trabeculae. 9 patients presented brown tumors which are considered the final stage of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with renal failure.

Apresentação e Evolução Atípicas da Granulomatose de Wegener: Relato de Caso/Atypical Presentation and Evolution of Wegener's Granulomatosis: Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Aline Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Caroline Balducci Scafi ◽  
Luciene Azevedo Morais ◽  
Pablo Girardelli Mendonça Mesquita
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Wegener’S Granulomatosis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Wegener's Granulomatosis ◽  
Creatinine Concentration

RESUMOIntrodução: A Granulomatose de Wegener (GW) é uma vasculite rara e idiopática associada à presença do anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilo (ANCA) que acomete, preferencialmente, os pequenos vasos. As manifestações clínicas são diversas, ocorrendo em mais de 90% dos casos, sintomas do trato respiratório. O comprometimento renal é tardio e preditor de mau prognóstico.  Sua morbidade a médio e longo prazo inclui insuficiência renal crônica. A probabilidade de sucesso de manutenção da função renal depende da concentração sérica de creatinina ao início do tratamento, o que indica a importância do diagnóstico e terapêutica adequada precoces. Casuística: Relata-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 61 anos, portadora de GW com comprometimento renal avançado à apresentação não precedido por sintomas pulmonares esperados. O tratamento imunossupressor associado a plasmaferese permitiu a melhora da função renal da paciente poupando-a de tornar-se dialítica- dependente. Discussão: A paciente iniciou a doença através de insuficiência renal assintomática, com valores de função renal compatíveis com o estágio mais avançado de doença renal crônica, ultrassonografia dos rins sem alterações compatíveis e sem os sintomas respiratórios esperados. Segundo a literatura, a combinação de imunossupressores e plasmaferese associa-se à recuperação renal em três meses com sobrevivência sem necessidade de diálise por 12 meses, no caso relatado, obteve-se tal resultado em 22 dias sem a necessidade de diálise após um ano. Conclusão: Devido ao diagnóstico precoce, o tratamento adequado foi instalado rapidamente proporcionando à paciente um aumento da expectativa e da qualidade de vida, evitando dependência de terapia renal substitutiva.Palavras-Chave: Granulomatose de Wegener, Plasmaferese, Doença renal crônica.  ABSTRACTIntroduction: The Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is a rare and idiopathic vasculitis associated with the presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA), that affects, preferentially, the small vessels. The clinical manifestations are diverse, occurring in over 90% of cases, symptoms in the respiratory tract. Kidney damage is a late and bad prognostic predictor. Morbidity in the medium and long term includes chronic renal failure. The probability of renal function maintenance success depends on serum creatinine concentration at the beginning of treatment that indicates the importance of early diagnosis and deployment of an appropriate therapy. Case Report: We present a case of a 61-year-old female patient, carrier of GW with advanced renal impairment presentation, not preceded by expected pulmonary symptoms. The immunosuppressive treatment associated with plasmapheresis allowed the improvement of the patient’s renal function, saving her from becoming dialysis-dependent Discussion: The patient developed the disease through asymptomatic renal failure, renal function with values that are compatible with the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, ultrasound of the kidneys without compatible changes and without the expected respiratory symptoms. According to the literature, the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis is associated with renal recovery in three months with survival without dialysis for 12 months. In this case, a result was obtained in 22 days without the need for dialysis after one year. Conclusion: Due to the early diagnosis, appropriate treatment was quickly installed giving the patient increased life expectancy and quality, preventing dependence on renal replacement therapy.Keywords: Wegener’s granulomatosis, Plasmapheresis, Chronic renal failure.

scholarly journals Periodontal disease characterization in dogs with normal renal function or chronic renal failure

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Ramalho Barbudo-Selmi ◽  
Marileda Bonafim Carvalho ◽  
André Luis Selmi ◽  
Silvio Emílio Cuevas Martins
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

The purpose of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease (PD) in dogs with chronic renal failure (CRF) and to compare it to PD in dogs with normal renal function (NRF). Twelve dogs with CRF and 24 dogs with NRF, all presenting dental pocket formation, were compared. In all dogs, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine specific gravity and total red and white blood cells were determined. A complete oral examination was also performed including evaluation of bacterial plaque, gingivitis, gingival recession, pocket, calculus, dental mobility, dental loss, and ulcers. These data were used to calculate plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and periodontal destruction index (PDI). PD was graded as mild, moderate or severe based on the results. Mild, moderate or severe PD was observed in dogs with NRF, whereas dogs with CRF presented either mild or severe PD. Dogs with NRF showed higher involvement of the maxillary teeth, whereas dogs with CRF showed a higher involvement of the mandibular teeth. Plaque index was significantly higher in dogs with NRF. It was concluded that lesion distribution and periodontal disease progression may be altered in dogs with CRF, and gingival inflammatory response differs in dogs with NRF and CRF regarding to the stage of periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Beyond members of the Flaviviridae family, sofosbuvir also inhibits chikungunya virus replication

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
André C. Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia A. Reis ◽  
Caroline S. de Freitas ◽  
Carolina Q. Sacramento ◽  
Lucas Villas Bôas Hoelz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hepatoma Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Human Hepatoma Cells

AbstractChikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes a febrile disease associated with chronic arthralgia, which may progress to neurological impairment. Chikungunya fever (CF) is a consolidated public health problem, in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, where control of CHIKV vector, mosquitos of theAedesgenus, failed. Since there is no vaccine or specific treatment against CHIKV, infected patients receive only palliative care to alleviate pain and arthralgia. Thus, drug repurposing is necessary to identify antivirals against CHIKV. Recently, the structure and activity of CHIKV RNA polymerase was partially resolved, revealing similar aspects with the enzyme counterparner on other positive sense RNA viruses, such as members of the Flaviviridae family. We then evaluated if sofosbuvir, clinically approved against hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase, which also aims to dengue, Zika and yellow fever viruses replication, would inhibit CHIKV replication. Indeed, sofosbuvir was 5-times more selective in inhibiting CHIKV production in human hepatoma cells than ribavirin, a pan-antiviral drug. Although CHIKV replication in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived astrocytes was less sensitive to sofosbuvir’s, compared to hepatoma cells – this drug still impaired virus production and cell death in a MOI-dependent manner. Sofosbuvir also exhibited antiviral activityin vivo, by preventing CHIKV-induced paw oedeme in adult mice, at 20 mg/kg/day, and mortality on neonate mice model, at 40 and 80 mg/kg/day. Our data demonstrates that a prototypic alphavirus, CHIKV, is also susceptible to sofosbuvir. Since this is a clinically approved drug, it could pave the way to become a therapeutic option against CF.

scholarly journals Residual renal function and blood count in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Natasa Jovanovic ◽  
Mirjana Lausevic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Positive Correlations

Introduction:Most of patients with chronic renal failure are affected by normochromic, normocytic anemia caused by different etiological factors. Anemia causes a series of symptoms in chronic renal failure, which can hardly be recognized from the uremic signs. Anemia adds to morbidity and mortality rates in patients affected by advanced chronic renal failure. Blood count partially improves during the first months after starting the chronic renal replacement therapy, in correlation with the quality of depuration program, with extension of erythrocyte lifetime and with hemoconcentration due to reduction of plasma volume. Recent trials found that higher residual renal function (RRF) significantly reduced co-morbidity, the rate and duration of hospitalization and risk of treatment failure. Objective: The aim of the study was to follow blood count parameters in 32 patients on chronic continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during the first six months of treatment, to evaluate the influence of demographic and clinical factors on blood count and RRF, and to examine the correlation between RRF and blood count parameters. Method: A total of 32 patients affected by end-stage renal disease of different major cause during the first six months of CADP treatment were studied. RRF and blood count were evaluated as well as their relationship during the follow-up. Results: Blood count significantly improved in our patients during the first six months of CAPD treatment even if Hb and HTC failed to reach normal values. Iron serum level slightly decreased because of more abundant erythropoiesis and iron utilization during the first six months of treatment. RRF slightly decreased. After six months of CAPD treatment, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher Hb, HTC and erythrocyte number and a lot of positive correlations between RRF and anemia markers were observed. Conclusion: After 6-month follow-up period, the patients with higher RRF had significantly higher blood count parameters, and several positive correlations between RRF and blood count markers were confirmed.

scholarly journals Insulin-Like Growth Factor–I Treatment to Enhance Renal Function in Advanced Chronic Renal Failure

Renal Failure ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando C. Fervenza ◽  
Michael M. Friedlaender ◽  
John O. Ike ◽  
Ralph Rabkin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Growth Factor I
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