scholarly journals Natural Korean Medicine Dang-Gui: Biosynthesis, Effective Extraction and Formulations of Major Active Pyranocoumarins, Their Molecular Action Mechanism in Cancer, and Other Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinreddy Reddy ◽  
Seong Kim ◽  
Mok Hur ◽  
Yeon Kim ◽  
Chun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Molecular Action

Multi-Phase Solvation Model for Biological Membranes: Molecular Action Mechanism of Amphotericin B

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3388-3397 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Falcón-González ◽  
G. Jiménez-Domínguez ◽  
I. Ortega-Blake ◽  
M. Carrillo-Tripp
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Solvation Model ◽  
Molecular Action ◽  
Multi Phase

Molecular action mechanism of anti‐inflammatory hydrolysates obtained from brewers' spent grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 2880-2888
Author(s):  
Raúl E Cian ◽  
Cristina Hernández‐Chirlaque ◽  
Reyes Gámez‐Belmonte ◽  
Silvina R Drago ◽  
Fermín Sánchez de Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Action ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Antiviral activities of pyridine fused and pyridine containing heterocycles, a review (From 2000 to 2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Roya Alizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Rnase H ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Syncytial Virus

: Heterocyclic compounds play a critical role in medicinal chemistry and many available drugs contain heterocyclic rings. A six-membered heterocyclic compound pyridine showed various applications that acts as an important solvent, reagent, and precursor in agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Due to the increase of drug resistance, there is an obvious medical need to develop new antiviral agents. Various derivatives of pyridine scaffold display abroad biological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-viral, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-malaria, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, psychopharmacological antagonistic, anti-amoebic agents, and anti-thrombic activity. Due to the high importance of pyridine derivatives, in the present review, we tried to collect and classify many pyridine derivatives based on their structures from 2000 to 2020. Pyridine derivatives were classified into two general categories including pyridine containing heterocycles and pyridine fused rings. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) and the action mechanism of derivatives were also investigated. According to the recent studies, these derivatives exhibited good antiviral activity against different types of viruses such as the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), the hepatitis C virus (HCV), the hepatitis B virus (HBV), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). These derivatives inhibited viral application with different action mechanism such as RT inhibition, polymerase inhibition, Inhibition of RNase H activity, inhibition of maturation, inhibition of the viral thymidine kinase, AAK1 (Adaptor-Associated Kinase 1) inhibition, GAK (Cyclin G-associated kinase) inhibition, inhibition of post-integrational event, inhibition of HDAC6, CCR5 antagonistic activity, DNA and RNA replication inhibition, gene expression inhibition, cellular NF-jB signaling pathway and neuraminidase (NA) inhibition, protein synthesis inhibition, and generally inhibition of viral replication cycle. This paper summarily expressed the past and present results about the discovery of novel lead compounds with good antiviral activity. Studies exhibited that almost all of the evaluations were performed by way of in vitro testing and is necessary to investigate in vivo and clinical testing for having better evaluations in the future. We believe that pyridine derivatives can be used as promising antiviral agents and needs to perform more broad investigations in this field.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of some drugs used in the clinic on the AQP1 activity of the human erythrocyte membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
K. V. Basiakova ◽  
E. P. Titovets
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Human Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Action ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Using the stopped flow method and based on the study of the intensity of light scattering, the effect of pharmacological preparations used in the clinic on the water exchange of human erythrocytes, catalyzed by aquaporin AQP1, was studied. Pharmacological preparations used in therapeutic concentrations have a variable inhibitory effect on water permeability of the erythrocyte membrane. The obtained results broaden our understanding of the molecular action mechanism of the investigated drugs. In view of the wide distribution of AQP1 in various human tissues, these data should be taken into account when carrying out therapeutic measures aimed at normalizing the water exchange of organs and tissues.

scholarly journals Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Overview of the Himalayan Ferns

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Semwal ◽  
Sakshi Painuli ◽  
Kartik M. Painuli ◽  
Gizem Antika ◽  
Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Cns Stimulant

The genus Diplazium (family: Athyriaceae) comprises approximately 350 species of pteridophytes. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an important member of this genus and commonly known as a wild vegetable in the Himalayan and sub-Himalayan communities. According to the literature analysis, D. esculentum was traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, smallpox, asthma, diarrhea, rheumatism, dysentery, headache, fever, wounds, pain, measles, hypertension, constipation, oligospermia, bone fracture, and glandular swellings. Various extracts of D. esculentum were evaluated to elucidate their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. A wide array of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, CNS stimulant, and antianaphylactic activities have been recognized in different parts of D. esculentum. The review covers a systematic examination of pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of D. esculentum, but scientifically, it is not fully assessed regarding complete therapeutic effects, toxicity, and safety in the human body. The published literature on D. esculentum and its therapeutic properties were collected from different search engines including Wiley online, PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACS publications by using specific terms such as “Diplazium esculentum, bioactive compounds, biological activities and health benefits” from 1984 to 2021 (March). Therefore, further studies are required to identify the detailed action mechanism of D. esculentum in vitro/in vivo, and also, more studies should focus on conservation, cultivation, and sustainable utilization of the species.

scholarly journals IRAK1/4-Targeted Anti-Inflammatory Action of Caffeic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo Seok Yang ◽  
Deok Jeong ◽  
Young-Su Yi ◽  
Jae Gwang Park ◽  
Hyohyun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Kinase Assay ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Caffeic acid (CA) is a phenolic compound that is frequently present in fruits, grains, and dietary supplements. Although CA has been reported to display various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-oxidative effects, the action mechanism of CA is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, the anti-inflammatory action mechanism of CA was examined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis. CA was found to diminish nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were downregulated by CA. CA also strongly suppressed the nuclear translocation of AP-1 family proteins and the related upstream signaling cascade composed of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), IRAK4, TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4/7 (MKK4/7), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In a direct kinase assay, CA was revealed to directly inhibit IRAK1 and IRAK4. CA also ameliorated HCl/EtOH-induced gastric symptoms via the suppression of JNK, IRAK1, and IRAK4. Therefore, our data strongly suggest that CA acts as an anti-inflammatory drug by directly suppressing IRAK1 and IRAK4.

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