scholarly journals An Unusual Carbohydrate Conformation is Evident in Moraxella catarrhalis Oligosaccharides

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 14234-14253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Frank ◽  
Patrick Collins ◽  
Ian Peak ◽  
I. Grice ◽  
Jennifer Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Carbohydrate Conformation

Moraxella catarrhalis-Infektion-– prognostische Bedeutung im Vergleich zu Haemophilus influenzae-Infektion

Pneumologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kramme ◽  
J Rupp ◽  
B Schaaf ◽  
M Maaß ◽  
P Zabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in young children in Greenland: a population at high risk of respiratory infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (15) ◽  
pp. 3226-3236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. NAVNE ◽  
M. L. BØRRESEN ◽  
H. C. SLOTVED ◽  
M. ANDERSSON ◽  
M. MELBYE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Bacterial Associations

SUMMARYThe incidence of childhood respiratory infections in Greenland is among the highest globally. We performed a population-based study of 352 Greenlandic children aged 0–6 years aiming to describe rates and risk factors for carriage of four key bacteria associated with respiratory infections, their antimicrobial susceptibility and inter-bacterial associations. Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for Streptococcus pneumoniae grouped by serotypes included (VT) or not included (NVT) in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis. S. pneumoniae was detected from age 2 weeks with a peak carriage rate of 60% in 2-year-olds. Young age and having siblings attending a daycare institution were associated with pneumococcal carriage. Overall co-colonization with ⩾2 of the studied bacteria was 52%. NTHi showed a positive association with NVT pneumococci and M. catarrhalis, respectively, M. catarrhalis was positively associated with S. pneumoniae, particular VT pneumococci, whereas S. aureus were negatively associated with NTHi and M. catarrhalis. Nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage was present unusually early in life and with frequent co-colonization. Domestic crowding increased odds of carriage. Due to important bacterial associations we suggest future surveillance of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine's impact on carriage in Greenland to also include other pathogens.

scholarly journals Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cees M. Verduin ◽  
Cees Hol ◽  
André Fleer ◽  
Hans van Dijk ◽  
Alex van Belkum
Keyword(s):  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
The Past

SUMMARY Moraxella catarrhalis (formerly known as Branhamella catarrhalis) has emerged as a significant bacterial pathogen of humans over the past two decades. During this period, microbiological and molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed and improved for M. catarrhalis, allowing the adequate determination and taxonomic positioning of this pathogen. Over the same period, studies have revealed its involvement in respiratory (e.g., sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia) and ocular infections in children and in laryngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia in adults. The development of (molecular) epidemiological tools has enabled the national and international distribution of M. catarrhalis strains to be established, and has allowed the monitoring of nosocomial infections and the dynamics of carriage. Indeed, such monitoring has revealed an increasing number of Β-lactamase-positive M. catarrhalis isolates (now well above 90%), underscoring the pathogenic potential of this organism. Although a number of putative M. catarrhalis virulence factors have been identified and described in detail, their relationship to actual bacterial adhesion, invasion, complement resistance, etc. (and ultimately their role in infection and immunity), has been established in a only few cases. In the past 10 years, various animal models for the study of M. catarrhalis pathogenicity have been described, although not all of these models are equally suitable for the study of human infection. Techniques involving the molecular manipulation of M. catarrhalis genes and antigens are also advancing our knowledge of the host response to and pathogenesis of this bacterial species in humans, as well as providing insights into possible vaccine candidates. This review aims to outline our current knowledge of M. catarrhalis, an organism that has evolved from an emerging to a well-established human pathogen.

scholarly journals Fístula oroantral e retalho mucoso geniano: revisão de 25 casos

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Campos Meirelles ◽  
Roberto Machado Neves-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Aspergilus Niger

A fístula oroantral é a comunicação patológica entre cavidade oral e seio maxilar, quase sempre decorrentes de traumatismos durante procedimentos dentários. OBJETIVO: Apresentar experiência de 25 casos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Realizado estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com FOA no período de 1996 a 2000. O diagnóstico incluiu exame otorrinolaringológico, endoscopia nasal ou da fístula, tomografia computadorizada das cavidades paranasais, pesquisa bacteriológica, fúngica e análise patológica. RESULTADOS: Encontrados 25 casos, sendo 10 de segundo molar, 8 de primeiro molar, 6 de segundo pré-molar e 1 de canino. Todos foram operados pela técnica de Caldwell-Luc, reavivamento das bordas da fístula, meatotomia média e rotação de retalho mucoso geniano. DISCUSSÃO: Nas fístulas de alto débito (n=14), colocou-se enxerto ósseo da própria parede anterior do seio. Todos, exceto um, tiveram resultado cirúrgico bom. A cultura bacteriológica (n=19) demonstrou estreptococos pneumoniae (13), haemophilus influenzae (6), moraxella catarrhalis (2), estafilococos aureus (2). Encontrado aspergilus niger em um caso que apresentava imagem radiológica de bola fúngica. CONCLUSÕES: Após 30 dias, os resultados foram bons em todos, exceto um dos casos. Este foi reoperado com colocação de enxerto ósseo, inicialmente não utilizado, tendo sucesso. Após 6 meses, todos os 23 pacientes localizados não apresentavam problemas.

Construction of a genomic map ofMoraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalisATCC 25238 and physical mapping of virulence-associated genes

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
K T Nguyen ◽  
E J Hansen ◽  
M A Farinha
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Physical Map ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Pulsed Field

A physical genome map of the Moraxella catarrhalis type strain (ATCC 25238) has been constructed using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Macrorestriction analyses of the genome of M. catarrhalis were performed by digestion with the restriction enzymes SmaI, NotI, and RsrII, which cleave the single circular chromosome into 9, 10, and 6 fragments, respectively. The chromosomal fragments generated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis were converted to a linkage map utilizing a combination of partial digestions, and cross-hybridizations. Moraxella catarrhalis, like a number of other respiratory pathogens, has a relatively small genome estimated at 1750 kilobase pairs or about 40% of the size of the Escherichia coli genome. The locations of the four ribosomal RNA operons (rrnLS) were determined by Southern hybridization and by digestion with I-CeuI endonuclease. A number of genes involved in virulence have been placed onto the physical map by Southern hybridization including those encoding the predominant outer-membrane proteins and the chromosomal gene encoding beta-lactamase.Key words: Moraxella catarrhalis, physical map, genome analysis, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, virulence.

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