scholarly journals Archaeometric Approach for Studying Architectural Earthenwares from the Archaeological Site of S. Omobono (Rome-Italy)

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Miriello ◽  
Fabrizio Antonelli ◽  
Andrea Bloise ◽  
Monica Ceci ◽  
Stefano Columbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compositional Data ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
The Church

This paper reports the findings of an archaeometric study performed on 14 architectural earthenwares from the archaeological site of S. Omobono, located in the historic center of Rome (Italy). The archaeological site, accidentally discovered in 1937, includes the remains of a sacred area previously occupied by two temples, one of which was converted into the church of S. Omobono, in 1575. The samples, dated between the 7th and the 6th century BC, belong to different sectors of the site. Their petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical characterization was performed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). The compositional data obtained were also subjected to the principal component analysis (PCA) in order to highlight similarities and differences among the samples. By combining geochemical and petrographic data, we were able to identify several different fabrics. Furthermore, the study provided valuable information on the firing temperatures of some samples and the provenance of the raw materials, by analyzing the chemical composition of clinopyroxenes present as non-plastic inclusions.

scholarly journals μXRF Mapping as a Powerful Technique for Investigating Metal Objects from the Archaeological Site of Ferento (Central Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Capobianco ◽  
Adriana Sferragatta ◽  
Luca Lanteri ◽  
Giorgia Agresti ◽  
Giuseppe Bonifazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Multivariate Curve Resolution ◽  
Polycapillary Optics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Major Chemical

This research concerns the application of micro X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) mapping to the investigation of a group of selected metal objects from the archaeological site of Ferento, a Roman and then medieval town in Central Italy. Specifically, attention was focused on two test pits, named IV and V, in which metal objects were found, mainly pertaining to the medieval period and never investigated before the present work from a compositional point of view. The potentiality of µXRF mapping was tested through a Bruker Tornado M4 equipped with an Rh tube, operating at 50 kV, 500 μA, and spot 25 μm obtained with polycapillary optics. Principal component analysis (PCA) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR) were used for processing the X-ray fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the investigated items are characterized by different compositions in terms of chemical elements. Three little wheels are made of lead, while the fibulae are made of copper-based alloys with varying amounts of tin, zinc, and lead. Only one ring is iron-based, and the other objects, namely a spatula and an applique, are also made of copper-based alloys, but with different relative amounts of the main elements. In two objects, traces of gold were found, suggesting the precious character of these pieces. MCR analysis was demonstrated to be particularly useful to confirm the presence of trace elements, such as gold, as it could differentiate the signals related to minor elements from those due to major chemical elements.

scholarly journals Archaeometric Characterisation of Decorated Pottery from the Archaeological Site of Villa dei Quintili (Rome, Italy): Preliminary Study

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Ricca ◽  
Giuseppe Paladini ◽  
Natalia Rovella ◽  
Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo ◽  
Luciana Randazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geochemical Study ◽  
Renaissance Period ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Materials Used

This work focused on the study of decorated pottery dated back to the 16th century from the Roman archaeological site of Villa dei Quintili, a monumental complex located in the south-eastern part of Rome (Italy). A minero-petrographic and geochemical study was undertaken to analyse five archaeological samples in order to define textural features and raw materials used for their production, along with the chemical and physical composition of the superficial decorative glazed coatings. For this purpose, different analytical methods were used, such as polarising optical microscope (POM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), and electron microprobe analysis coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EMPA-EDS). The results of such a multidisciplinary approach allowed us to achieve important results crucial to recognise the shards as majolica of the Renaissance period, improving knowledge about manufacturing processes of these renowned painted ceramic artefacts.

scholarly journals The Polythermal Section of Ti-22Al-xNb (30-78at.%Ti) in Ti–Al–Nb System

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Li-Bin Liu ◽  
Li-Gang Zhang ◽  
Jia-Jun Yang ◽  
Patrick J. Masset
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Invariant Reaction ◽  
Polythermal Section ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
O Phase

The polythermal section of Ti-22Al-xNb (30–78 at.% Ti) in the Ti-Al-Nb system was studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DSC), and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). No new ternary compounds were found in this work. The polythermal section has five three-phase regions, nine two-phase regions, and three single-phase regions. The O phase transition is confirmed to occur below 1000 °C. A four-phase invariant reaction β + σ → O + δ was found at 931 °C.

Solvothermal Synthesis of α-Quartz Powder Doped with Germanium

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Largeteau ◽  
Stéphane Darracq ◽  
Graziella Goglio
Keyword(s):  
Solvothermal Synthesis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
Quartz Powder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Micro Analysis ◽  
Solvothermal Conditions

Experimental investigations concerning the synthesis of Si1−xGexO2 solid solutions with quartz structure have been carried out under solvothermal conditions from sol-gel preparations. The cell parameters of the powders have been determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The amount of germanium inside the SiO2 structure was measured also by electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA).

Characterization of Ancient Dolomitic Binding Materials from Zamarce, in Navarre (Spain)

2002 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Montoya ◽  
J. Lanas ◽  
M. Arandigoyen ◽  
I. Navarro ◽  
P.J. García Casado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
The Church

ABSTRACTTen ancient mortars of dolomitic origin, used in the construction of the church of Santa María de Zamarce in Navarre, Spain, have been studied in order to define their composition and to characterize the type of binder employed. A complete characterization has been carried out including: morphological examination (visually and using optical microscopy); mineralogical studies (X-ray diffraction, XRD); chemical analysis (main components and soluble salts); grain size distribution and thermal studies (thermogravimetric and thermodifferential simultaneous analysis, TGA-DTA). Dolomite and calcite, as binders, and quartz, as aggregate, have been found as the main phases. The important variability of the studied samples has confirmed that the choice of the raw materials and their preparation were not taken carefully. Thermal behavior of the samples has shown the endothermic peaks related to calcite and dolomite decarbonations. No hydromagnesite phases have been detected. Finally, the approximate indications of the original composition of the raw materials mixtures are presented.

scholarly journals Quantified X-Ray Mapping in the WDS Mode

2018 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 520-523
Author(s):  
Gunilla Runnsjö ◽  
Kaj Grönlund
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Micro Analysis

In material science, there is an increased demand for mapping of microstructural components and their composition. EPMA (Electron Probe Micro Analysis) with WDS (Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry) is known as having high spectral resolution and sensitivity, but in practice considered to be slow in mapping applications. The present work describes a development of EPMA including design of both instrumental hardware and software related to electronics and calibration.

Investigations on Silicon/Amorphous-Carbon and Silicon/Nanocrystalline Palladium/Amorphous-Carbon Interfaces

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4295-4302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roy ◽  
P. Sengupta ◽  
A. K. Tyagi ◽  
G. B. Kale
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Amorphous Carbon Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reactive Interface ◽  
Micro Analysis

Our previous work revealed that significant enhancement in sp3-carbon content of amorphous carbon films could be achieved when grown on nanocrystalline palladium interlayer as compared to those grown on bare silicon substrates. To find out why, the nature of interface formed in both the cases has been investigated using Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) technique. It has been found that a reactive interface in the form of silicon carbide and/silicon oxy-carbide is formed at the interface of silicon/amorphous-carbon films, while palladium remains primarily in its native form at the interface of nanocrystalline palladium/amorphous-carbon films. However, there can be traces of dissolved oxygen within the metallic layer as well. The study has been corroborated further from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies.

Visualization and detectability of elements rarely contained in soft tissue by X-ray scanning analytical microscopy and electron-probe micro analysis

Biomaterials ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1787-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohiro Uo ◽  
Fumio Watari ◽  
Atsuro Yokoyama ◽  
Hironobu Matsuno ◽  
Takao Kawasaki
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Microscopy ◽  
Micro Analysis
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