scholarly journals Methods of Ore Pretreatment for Comminution Energy Reduction

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sefiu O. Adewuyi ◽  
Hussin A. M. Ahmed ◽  
Haitham M. A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Chemical Additive ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Ore Pretreatment

The comminution of ores consumes a high portion of energy. Therefore, different pretreatment methods of ores prior to their comminution are considered to reduce this energy. However, the results of pretreatment methods and their technological development are scattered in literature. Hence, this paper aims at collating the different ore pretreatment methods with their applications and results from published articles, conference proceedings, and verified reports. It was found that pretreatment methods include thermal (via oven, microwave, or radiofrequency), chemical additive, electric, magnetic, ultrasonic, and bio-milling. Results showed that the chemical pretreatment method has been used at an industrial scale since 1930, mainly in cement production. The microwave pretreatment results showed positive improvements at pilot scale mining applications in 2017. The results of ore pretreatment using electric and ultrasonic methods showed up to 24% and 66% improvement in energy consumption, respectively. The former and the latter have been piloted for gold and carbonate ore, respectively. Findings also showed that magnetic, radiofrequency, and bio-milling methods have not led to significant reductions in comminution energy. Based on energy reduction, safety, costs, stage of application, and downstream benefits, microwave and electrical pretreatment methods may be focused for applications in the mining industry.

scholarly journals Microwave Assisted Chemical Pretreatment Method for Bio-ethanol Production from Rice Straw

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Singh ◽  
Monika Srivastava ◽  
Bharti Rohatgi ◽  
Abhijit Kar ◽  
Ashish Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Microwave Assisted

An effective chemical pretreatment method for lignocellulosic biomass with substituted imidazoles

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhi Kang ◽  
Matthew J. Realff ◽  
Minjeong Sohn ◽  
Jay H. Lee ◽  
Andreas S. Bommarius
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Method

Energy Reduction and Optimisation in Membrane Bioreactor Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihe Tao ◽  
Kiran Kekre ◽  
Maung Htun Oo ◽  
Bala Viswanath ◽  
Aliman MD Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Demonstration Plant ◽  
Set Up

One of the major components of MBR operating expenditure is energy consumption. This paper presents our six-year journey of energy reduction and optimization in MBR systems through various pilot and demonstration studies. Through comprehensive and systematic MBR optimisation studies, the specific energy consumption was reduced from 1.3 kWh m−3 to less than 0.8 kWh m−3 by increasing membrane flux and reducing aeration at 300 m3 per day pilot scale plants. Through energy audit, the key energy consumption components including process aeration, membrane scouring rate, SRT, MLSS level, MLSS recirculation, and energy efficient equipment selection were identified, and these were optimised one by one at 23,000 m3 per day municipal scale MBR demonstration plant after the baseline had been set up. The specific energy consumption was further reduced to 0.37 kWh m−3.

On the Economics of the Use of Biomass Fuels in Gas Turbine Cycles: Gasification vs. Externally Firing

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Barros Ferreira ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
Integrated Gasification

The use of biomass as gas turbine combined cycle fuels is broadly seen as one of the alternatives to diminish greenhouse gas emissions, mainly CO2, due to the efficiency delivered by such systems and the renewable characteristic of biomass itself. Integrated gasification cycles, BIGGT, are the current technology available; however the gasification system severely penalizes the power plant in terms of efficiency and demands modifications in the engine to accommodate the large fuel mass flow. This gives an opportunity to improvements in the current technologies and implementation of new ones. This paper intends to analyze new alternatives to the use of solid fuels in gas turbines, from the economical point of view, through the use of external combustion, EFGT, discussing its advantages and limitations over the current technology. The results show that both EFGT and BIGGT technologies are economically competitive with the current natural gas fired gas turbines. However, BIGGT power plants are still in pilot scale and the EFGT plants need further technological development. Thermodynamically speaking, the inherently recuperative characteristic of the EFGT gas turbine engine makes it well suited to the biomass market. The thermal efficiency of this cycle is higher than the BIGGT system. Furthermore, its fuel flexibility and negligible pre-treatmet is another advantage that makes it an interesting option for the Brazilian market.

AOX reduction of kraft bleach plant effluent by chemical pretreatment—Pilot-scale trials

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2397-2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Francis ◽  
P.A. Turner ◽  
J.T. Wearing
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Chemical Pretreatment

scholarly journals National Technology Initiative as a Platform for the Diffusion of Convergent Technologies in the Russian Mining Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 03014
Author(s):  
Elena Dotsenko ◽  
Natalia Ezdina ◽  
Oksana Galiuta ◽  
Michal Cehlar
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Technology Initiative ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
New Production ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Technological Convergence ◽  
National Technology

In recent decades, the global processes of technological development of industry, due to innovative modernization, have become comprehensive, affecting both manufacturing and raw materials industries. One of the components of global technological modernization is technological convergence – the combination of technologies from different industries, resulting in a inter-industry genesis of new production methods. Despite the fact that technological convergence is transforming, first of all, the industries associated with the deep processing of raw materials and highly intelligent intangible production, mining industry is in the greatest need for modernization. This is due to turbulent demand and volatile prices for mineral resources in the global market, with the widespread introduction of energy and resource saving technologies. Therefore, the mining sector of the Russian economy is looking for a "fulcrum" in initiating the diffusion of convergent technologies in mining and management processes of industrial enterprises. This "fulcrum" is intended to be the National Technology Initiative, the key target markets of which are fully consistent with the technological requirements of the Russian mining complex.

Water conservation in mining industry by integrating pressure-oriented membrane processes for nitrogen-contaminated wastewater treatment: Bench and pilot-scale studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 104779
Author(s):  
Luiza B. Grossi ◽  
Natalie C. Magalhães ◽  
Bruna M. Araújo ◽  
Fábio de Carvalho ◽  
Laura H. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Processes
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