scholarly journals Slatecalculation—A Practical Tool for Deriving Norm Minerals in the Lowest-Grade Metamorphic Pelites and Roof Slates

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Wolfgang Wagner ◽  
Dieter Jung ◽  
Jean-Frank Wagner ◽  
Matthias Patrick Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Roof and wall slates are fine-grained rocks with slaty cleavage, and it is often difficult to determine their mineral composition. A new norm mineral calculation called slatecalculation allows the determination of a virtual mineral composition based on full chemical analysis, including the amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon (C), and sulfur (S). Derived norm minerals include feldspars, carbonates, micas, hydro-micas, chlorites, ore-minerals, and quartz. The mineral components of the slate are assessed with superior accuracy compared to the petrographic analysis based on the European Standard EN 12326. The inevitable methodical inaccuracies in the calculations are limited and transparent. In the present paper, slates, shales, and phyllites from worldwide occurrences were examined. This also gives an overview of the rocks used for discontinuous roofing and external cladding.

scholarly journals Influence of pressure and time on extraction process using supercritical CO2

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Micic ◽  
Z. Lepojevic ◽  
B. Mandic ◽  
M. Jotanovic ◽  
G. Tadic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) by carbon dioxide (CO2) of Salvia officinalis L. was investigated. SFE by CO2 was performed at different pressure (80, 100, 150, 200 and 300 bar) and constant temperature of 40?C (all other extraction conditions, such are flow rate, particle diameter of Salvia officinalis, extraction time were kept constant. The GC-MS method was used for determination of qualitative and quantitative composition of obtained extracts and essential oils.

scholarly journals Determination of Dissolved CO2 Concentration in Culture Media: Evaluation of pH Value and Mathematical Data

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1373
Author(s):  
Amir Izzuddin Adnan ◽  
Mei Yin Ong ◽  
Saifuddin Nomanbhay ◽  
Pau Loke Show
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Solubility ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Dipotassium Phosphate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Carbon dioxide is the most influential gas in greenhouse gasses and its amount in the atmosphere reached 412 µmol/mol in August 2020, which increased rapidly, by 48%, from preindustrial levels. A brand-new chemical industry, namely organic chemistry and catalysis science, must be developed with carbon dioxide (CO2) as the source of carbon. Nowadays, many techniques are available for controlling and removing carbon dioxide in different chemical processes. Since the utilization of CO2 as feedstock for a chemical commodity is of relevance today, this study will focus on how to increase CO2 solubility in culture media used for growing microbes. In this work, the CO2 solubility in a different medium was investigated. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monoethanolamine (MEA) were added to the culture media (3.0 g/L dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4), 0.2 g/L magnesium chloride (MgCl2), 0.2 g/L calcium chloride (CaCl2), and 1.0 g/L sodium chloride (NaCl)) for growing microbes in order to observe the difference in CO2 solubility. Factors of temperature and pressure were also studied. The determination of CO2 concentration in the solution was measured by gas analyzer. The result obtained from optimization revealed a maximum CO2 concentration of 19.029 mol/L in the culture media with MEA, at a pressure of 136.728 kPa, operating at 20.483 °C.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and Hydrocarbon Composition of Natural Gas from GMS (Gas Metering Station) in PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Rostyanesia Rostyanesia ◽  
Salmahaminati Salmahaminati ◽  
Putri Dwinanda Vidya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Steel Cylinder ◽  
The Many ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Main Material

Natural gas of GMS (Gas Metering Station) is an important component that must be analyzed routinely in PT. Fertilizer Sriwidjaja because it is the main material used in addition to Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor in the manufacture of ammonia. The quality of natural gas will affect the ammonia and urea fertilizer product. The purpose of this research is to know the composition of hydrocarbons and to know the level of H2S gas in natural gas which is contained in GMS pipes. Determination of H2S levels was performed to find out the many catalysts used in the manufacture of ammonia gas.In determining the hydrocarbon composition, the first gas sample is taken using Stainless Steel Cylinder Tube. After the gas filled tube it was analyzed using GC (Gas Chromatography) and  it will know the hydrocarbon composition of GMS. As for the determination of H2S level, the gas sample taken as much as 30 L through gas spreader and inserted into erlenmeyer with 10% Cd Acetate and NaOH. Subsequently, 1% PADAS (N, N-Dimethyl-p-phenylendiamine sulphate) and FeCl3 were added. After the solution changed to blue color then analyzed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer in 660 nm wavelength.The results obtained are nitrogen-containing natural gas and various hydrocarbon components: methane, hexane, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, i-butane, n-butane, i-pentane, and n-pentane with H2S 2,954 ppm with the largest composition of methane 85.89%. The results have been in accordance with the standards used in the Pusri Industry which apply the provision that the natural gas used should contain methane with concentrations greater than 70% 

scholarly journals Tourist Transportation Generated Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-292
Author(s):  
Tamara Grizane ◽  
Inguna Jurgelane-Kaldava
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Positive Approach ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The tourism has a close relation to the travel and tourism transport. Transport is the source of CO2 emissions. The aim of the research was to inspect the tourist transportation (TT) CO2 emissions caused by the tourist overnight trips, because any similar analysis up until now has not been made. For the determination of CO2 emissions from the TT a hybrid (top-down and bottom up) approach, correlation, regression was used. The author’s proposed algorithm for determining CO2 emissions from the TT is useful in the circumstances when there is not sufficient statistical data. In the research of regions of Latvia (NUTS 3) from 2012 to 2017, it was determined that the TT overnight trips indicated a reduction of CO2 emissions of 475 t/year. It is a positive approach in order to reach reduction of CO2 emissions according to the EU criteria for 2030; however, it left a negative impact on the national GDP. Finding solution to this economical problem is the aim of the next researches.

scholarly journals Mineralogical and morphometric aspects of the rock analysis as the basis for choosing a scheme for ore preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
Asiya Duryagina ◽  
Gerhard Heide ◽  
Irina Talovina ◽  
Arturo Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ore Preparation ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Structural And Textural Parameters ◽  
Rock Analysis

The complexity of deep processing of fine-grained and refractory mineral raw materials is determined by the difficulty of disclosing aggregates of ore components during disintegration and extracting them into commercial products of standard quality. The main task of the disintegration of such ores is to destroy the object along the phase boundaries without overgrinding while minimizing energy costs. To implement selective disintegration, a precise study of the properties of the mineral components of the ore is necessary. However, there are no systematic data on the effect and relationship of the mineralogical-technological, structural-textural and physical-technical properties of minerals, rocks and ores with the processes of selective disintegration. The article presents the results of computer microtomographic and optical-microscopic studies of the structural and textural characteristics of typical sulfide copper-nickel ores using a SkyScan-1173 microtomograph from Bruker (Belgium), as well as a specialized, accredited as a measuring tool, Thixomet Pro software (Russia). The studies made it possible to identify automatically 19 morphometric parameters of ore grains in three mutually perpendicular sections, the most informative of which were the grain size of individual ore minerals, their perimeter, distance between grains and grain shape (sphericity, edge roughness, and others). The obtained quantitative characteristics of the structural and textural parameters, the analysis of the granulometric composition of the grains of ore minerals make it possible to assess the possibility of using selective grinding at various stages of ore preparation.

scholarly journals NEUTRON-ACTIVATION DETERMINATION OF GOLD IN THE TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS DIFFERENT IN MINERAL COMPOSITION

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Oksana N. Tsybulskaya ◽  
Aleksandr A. Yudakov ◽  
Veniamin V. Zheleznov ◽  
Sergey I. Ivannikov ◽  
Andrei V. Taskin
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation Analysis ◽  
Activation Analysis ◽  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Activation Determination

<p>The methods of determining the gold content in the technogenic objects of gold mining were analyzed with account of their non-homogeneity and complexity of chemical and mineral composition. A possibility of application of the neutron-activation analysis with the use of the californium source of neutrons for determining the content of fine-grained and extra-fine-grained gold in the technogenic objects including the bottom-ash waste of energy providers is considered. It was demonstrated that the chemical composition of the sample affects the neuron flux distribution inside of the sample which can essentially distort the results of the neutron-activation analysis (NAA). In order to exclude the possible systematic errors, the investigations of the effect of the sample mineral composition on the results of the gold determination using the NAA when loading a large volume of the rock (3–5 kg) into an activation zone and using the matrices of four types: silicate, carbon-containing, iron-containing and titanium magnetite were carried out. It was shown that there is no significant difference in dispersal of the flux of thermal and resonance neutrons from the source of <sup>252</sup>Cf when activating the gold-containing technogenic samples with different mineral compositions. The reduction in the quantity of generated atoms of radionuclide <sup>198</sup>Au in the gold-containing technogenic samples due to absorption of the flux of thermal neutrons from the source of <sup>252</sup>Cf by the macroscales of iron and titanium contained in the sample results in the systematic error of the neutron-activation determination of gold up to 10%.</p>

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF HIGH LEVEL CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) IN NITROGEN GAS (N2) MATRIX USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY DETECTOR

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Harry BUDIMAN ◽  
Oman ZUAS
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Thermal Conductivity Detector ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
High Level

High accurate result of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement is of great importance since the result (data) is used as the foundation for decision making related to regulated monitoring program and law enforcement. In this study, therefore, method for measurement of high level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in nitrogen (N2) matrix using gas chromatography thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) was validated to achieve the optimum performance of the method. For this purposes, identity confirmation, selectivity, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantitation (LoQ), repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy, and linearity of the method were evaluated. The result shows that the GC-TCD method has good precision in term of repeatability and reproducibility having values of 0.07 and 0.37%, respectively. No bias of the method can be found and an excellent linearity of the method was obtained in the range of 2 - 13.97% mol/mol. Thus, based on the result evaluation under given criteria of this study, it can be concluded that the GC-TCD method is reliable and suitable for determination of high level of CO2 in N2 matrix.

A Rapid Electrochemical Technic for Measuring Carbon Dioxide Content of Blood

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Reyes ◽  
J Ryan Neville
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Electrode System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract An electrochemical technic for measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) content in whole blood has been devised and evaluated. The method requires a membrane-covered pH electrode for the CO2 measurements. This electrode system permits rapid determination of CO2 content in blood samples of less than 1 ml. The measurement is performed by hemolyzing and acidifying a blood sample in such a manner that the released CO2 goes into physical solution. The increase of tension caused by this physically dissolved CO2 is measured by exposing the sample to a previously calibrated electrode. While use of the technic requires some compromise with accuracy (standard deviation of replicate samples = 0.76 volume/100 ml. compared with 0.12 volume/100 ml. for the Van Slyke manometric procedure), its convenience may outweigh this consideration in certain routine applications.

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