scholarly journals Clary Sage Cultivation and Mycorrhizal Inoculation Influence the Rhizosphere Fungal Community of an Aged Trace-Element Polluted Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Robin Raveau ◽  
Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui ◽  
Mohamed Hijri ◽  
Joël Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Lead Smelter ◽  
Amf Communities

Soil fungal communities play a central role in natural systems and agroecosystems. As such, they have attracted significant research interest. However, the fungal microbiota of aromatic plants, such as clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.), remain unexplored. This is especially the case in trace element (TE)-polluted conditions and within the framework of phytomanagement approaches. The presence of high concentrations of TEs in soils can negatively affect not only microbial diversity and community composition but also plant establishment and growth. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the soil fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community composition and their changes over time in TE-polluted soils in the vicinity of a former lead smelter and under the cultivation of clary sage. We used Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing to evaluate the effects of in situ clary sage cultivation over two successive years, combined or not with exogenous AMF inoculation, on the rhizospheric soil and root fungal communities. We obtained 1239 and 569 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASV), respectively, in the rhizospheric soil and roots of S. sclarea under TE-polluted conditions. Remarkably, 69 AMF species were detected at our experimental site, belonging to 12 AMF genera. Furthermore, the inoculation treatment significantly shaped the fungal communities in soil and increased the number of AMF ASVs in clary sage roots. In addition, clary sage cultivation over successive years could be one of the explanatory parameters for the inter-annual variation in both fungal and AMF communities in the soil and root biotopes. Our data provide new insights on fungal and AMF communities in the rhizospheric soil and roots of an aromatic plant, clary sage, grown in TE-polluted agricultural soil.

Clary sage cultivation and mycorrhizal inoculation influence rhizosphere fungal community structure over time in a trace-element polluted site

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Raveau ◽  
Joël Fontaine ◽  
Mohamed Hijri ◽  
Anissa Lounès Hadj-Sahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Salvia Sclarea ◽  
Fungal Microbiota ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Over Time

<p>Fungal community in the soil plays a central role in natural systems and agroecosystems, therefore it attracted much research interests. However, the fungal microbiota of aromatic plants, such as Salvia sclarea L., especially in trace-element (TE) polluted conditions and within the framework of phytomanagement approaches, remains unexplored. The presence of high concentrations of TE in the soil is likely to negatively affect not only microbial diversity and community structures, but also plant establishment and growth. The objective of this study is to investigate the soil fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community structure and their changes over time in TE-polluted soils in the vicinity of a former lead smelter and under the cultivation of clary sage. We used Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing to evaluate the effects of in situ clary sage cultivation during two successive years, combined or not with an exogenous AMF inoculation, on the rhizospheric soil and root fungal communities. We obtained 1239 and 569 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASV) respectively in the rhizospheric soil and roots of S. sclarea in TE-polluted conditions. Remarkably, 69 AMF species were detected in our experimental site, belonging to 12 AMF genera. Besides, the inoculation treatment significantly shaped the fungal communities in soil, and increased the number of AMF ASVs in clary sage roots. In addition, successive years of clary sage cultivation also significantly shaped both fungal and AMF communities in the soil and root biotopes. Our data provide new insights on fungal and AMF communities in the rhizospheric soil and roots of clary sage grown in TE-polluted agricultural soil.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Trace Elements-polluted soils, fungal microbiota, Salvia sclarea, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi</p>

Temporal dynamics of mycorrhizal fungal communities and co-associations with grassland plant communities following experimental manipulation of rainfall

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coline Deveautour ◽  
Sally Power ◽  
Kirk Barnett ◽  
Raul Ochoa-Hueso ◽  
Suzanne Donn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rainfall Regimes

Climate models project overall a reduction in rainfall amounts and shifts in the timing of rainfall events in mid-latitudes and sub-tropical dry regions, which threatens the productivity and diversity of grasslands. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may help plants to cope with expected changes but may also be impacted by changing rainfall, either via the direct effects of low soil moisture on survival and function or indirectly via changes in the plant community. In an Australian mesic grassland (former pasture) system, we characterised plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities every six months for nearly four years to two altered rainfall regimes: i) ambient, ii) rainfall reduced by 50% relative to ambient over the entire year and iii) total summer rainfall exclusion. Using Illumina sequencing, we assessed the response of AM fungal communities sampled from contrasting rainfall treatments and evaluated whether variation in AM fungal communities was associated with variation in plant community richness and composition. We found that rainfall reduction influenced the fungal communities, with the nature of the response depending on the type of manipulation, but that consistent results were only observed after more than two years of rainfall manipulation. We observed significant co-associations between plant and AM fungal communities on multiple dates. Predictive co-correspondence analyses indicated more support for the hypothesis that fungal community composition influenced plant community composition than vice versa. However, we found no evidence that altered rainfall regimes were leading to distinct co-associations between plants and AM fungi. Overall, our results provide evidence that grassland plant communities are intricately tied to variation in AM fungal communities. However, in this system, plant responses to climate change may not be directly related to impacts of altered rainfall regimes on AM fungal communities. Our study shows that AM fungal communities respond to changes in rainfall but that this effect was not immediate. The AM fungal community may influence the composition of the plant community. However, our results suggest that plant responses to altered rainfall regimes at our site may not be resulting via changes in the AM fungal communities.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis Does Not Alter Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community Structure within the Roots of Corn, Wheat, and Soybean Crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Renaut ◽  
Rachid Daoud ◽  
Jacynthe Masse ◽  
Agathe Vialle ◽  
Mohamed Hijri
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rhizophagus Irregularis ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

Little is known about establishment success of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inocula and their effects on a soil-indigenous community of AMF. In this study, we assessed the effect of introducing Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM-197198 in soil under field condition on the community composition of indigenous AMF in the roots of corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Three field trials were conducted with inoculated and non-inoculated plots. Four to ten roots and their rhizosphere soil samples of two growth stages for corn and wheat, and one growing stage of soybean, were collected, totalling 122 root and soil samples. Root colonization was measured microscopically, and the fungal communities were determined by paired-end Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing using 18S rDNA marker. After quality trimming and merging of paired ends, 6.7 million sequences could be assigned to 414 different operational taxonomic units. These could be assigned to 68 virtual taxa (VT) using the AMF reference sequence database MaarjAM. The most abundant VT corresponded to R. irregularis. The inoculation treatment did not influence the presence of R. irregularis, or AMF community diversity in roots. This seems to indicate that inoculation with R. irregularis DAOM-197198 does not change the indigenous AMF community composition, probably because it is already present in high abundance naturally.

scholarly journals Nonlegumes, Legumes, and Root Nodules Harbor Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6240-6246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja R. Scheublin ◽  
Karyn P. Ridgway ◽  
J. Peter W. Young ◽  
Marcel G. A. van der Heijden
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Plant Functional Groups ◽  
Amf Communities

ABSTRACT Legumes are an important plant functional group since they can form a tripartite symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium bacteria and phosphorus-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, not much is known about AMF community composition in legumes and their root nodules. In this study, we analyzed the AMF community composition in the roots of three nonlegumes and in the roots and root nodules of three legumes growing in a natural dune grassland. We amplified a portion of the small-subunit ribosomal DNA and analyzed it by using restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing. We found differences in AMF communities between legumes and nonlegumes and between legume roots and root nodules. Different plant species also contained different AMF communities, with different AMF diversity. One AMF sequence type was much more abundant in legumes than in nonlegumes (39 and 13%, respectively). Root nodules contained characteristic AMF communities that were different from those in legume roots, even though the communities were similar in nodules from different legume species. One AMF sequence type was found almost exclusively in root nodules. Legumes and root nodules have relatively high nitrogen concentrations and high phosphorus demands. Accordingly, the presence of legume- and nodule-related AMF can be explained by the specific nutritional requirements of legumes or by host-specific interactions among legumes, root nodules, and AMF. In summary, we found that AMF communities vary between plant functional groups (legumes and nonlegumes), between plant species, and between parts of a root system (roots and root nodules).

scholarly journals Precipitation shapes communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tibetan alpine steppe

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Rongxiao Che ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Hanke Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Amf Communities

Abstract Tibetan Plateau is one of the largest and most unique habitats for organisms including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond to key environmental changes in this harsh environment. To test if precipitation could be a driving force in shaping AMF community structures at regional scale, we examined AMF communities associated with dominant plant species along a precipitation gradient in Tibetan alpine steppe. Rhizosphere soils were collected from five sites with annual precipitation decreasing from 400 to 50 mm. A total of 31 AMF operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. AMF community composition varied significantly among sites, whereas AMF community composition did not vary among plant species. Path analysis revealed that precipitation directly affected AMF hyphal length density, and indirectly influenced AMF species richness likely through the mediation of plant coverage. Our results suggested that water availability could drive the changes of AMF communities at regional scale. Given the important roles AMF could play in the dynamics of plant communities, exploring the changes of AMF communities along key environmental gradients would help us better predict the ecosystem level responses of the Tibetan vegetation to future climate change.

scholarly journals Diverse and abundant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in ecological floating beds used to treat eutrophic water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouying Xu ◽  
Yichao Lv ◽  
Yinghe Jiang ◽  
Xiaodong Luo ◽  
Xuelin Gui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Amf Diversity ◽  
Amf Communities

Abstract An increasing number of investigations have demonstrated the universal existence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in aquatic ecosystems. However, little is known about the accurate distribution and functions of AMF inhabiting aquatic ecosystems, especially ecological floating bed (EFB) which was constructed for the remediation of polluted waterbodies.In this study, we collected root samples of Canna generalis, Cyperus alternifolius and Eichhornia crassipes from three EFBs floating on two eutrophic lakes in Wuhan, China, to investigate the resources and distribution of AMF in EFBs using Illumina Mi-seq technology. A total of 229 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 21 taxon from 348,799 Glomeromycota sequences were detected. Glomus was the most dominant AMF in the three EFBs while the second dominant AMF was related to Acaulospora. Different aquatic plant species exhibited varying degrees of AMF colonization (3.83%~71%), diversity (6~103 OTUs, 3~15 virtual taxa) and abundance (14~57551 sequences). Low AMF abundance but relatively high AMF diversity were found in C. alternifolius which is usually considered as non-mycorrhizal, demonstrating the high accuracy of Illumina sequencing. In addition, results from this study suggested a lognormal species abundance distribution was observed across AMF taxa in the three plant species, and the AMF community composition was closely related to pH, nitrogen and phosphorus.Overall, our data demonstrated that diverse and abundant AMF communities were living in EFBs, and the AMF community composition was closely related to the water quality of eutrophic lakes treated by EFBs, providing potential possibility for the applications of AMF in plant-based bioremediation of wastewater.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Strigolactone-Associated Genes Exerts Fine-Tuning Selection on Soybean Rhizosphere Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
John Hollis Rice ◽  
Valeria Lopes ◽  
Parwinder Grewal ◽  
Sarah L. Lebeis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Fungal Microbiome

Strigolactones are a recently discovered class of carotenoid-derived plant hormones with a wide variety of functions, including acting as signaling molecules in the rhizosphere to promote arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization and parasitic seed germination. To determine whether strigolactones influence the recruitment of microbes to the rhizosphere, we characterized both bacterial and fungal communities in response to the overexpression of genes involved in strigolactone biosynthesis (MAX1d) and signaling perception (D14 and MAX2a) in soybean (Glycine max). The amplicon sequencing-based results suggest that strigolactone overexpression lines had altered soybean rhizosphere bacteria composition at both the community level and individual taxa level with genera including Shinella and Bdellovibrio consistently more abundant across all three overexpression constructs. In addition, the responses of the soybean rhizosphere bacteria community differed significantly across the genes, with lines overexpressing genes involved in strigolactone biosynthesis (MAX1d) yielding a divergent bacterial community in comparison with those with altered expression of strigolactone perception genes (D14 and MAX2a). The overexpressed genes did not significantly impact the overall fungal community distribution; however, some individual taxa were altered in abundance. MAX1d and D14 overexpression lines had significantly enriched abundance of Fusarium solani. The mediating role of strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling genes on soybean rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities confirmed strigolactone’s importance in the rhizosphere host–microbe communication and microbial community structure. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

scholarly journals Subsoil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in arable soil differ from those in topsoil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moisés A. Sosa-Hernández ◽  
Julien Roy ◽  
Stefan Hempel ◽  
Timo Kautz ◽  
Ulrich Köpke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are recognized as important drivers of plant health and productivity in agriculture but very often existing knowledge is limited to the topsoil. With growing interest in the role of subsoil in sustainable agriculture, we used high-throughput Illumina sequencing on a set of samples encompassing drilosphere, rhizosphere and bulk soil, in both top- and subsoil. Our results show subsoil AMF communities harbor unique Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and that both soil depths differ in community structure both at the OTU and family level. Our results emphasize the distinctness of subsoil AMF communities and the potential role of subsoil as a biodiversity reservoir.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities between Farmland and Woodland in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Wenying Yang ◽  
Mengjie Zhang ◽  
Fengbin Song ◽  
Shengqun Liu ◽  
Xiangnan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Amf Diversity ◽  
Black Soil Region

The black soil region of northeast China is a critical production base for commercial grain in China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely present in terrestrial ecosystems and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. Here, we investigated the diversity and composition of AMF communities in farmland and woodland from 20 sites in the black soil region of northeast China using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The sequences were classified into 1 phylum, 1 class, 4 orders, 8 families, and 11 genera. Glomerales and Paraglomerales were observed as the most abundant order in farmland and woodland, respectively, and also belonged to abundant orders of the black soil region in northeast China, accounting for more than 90% of the total. Furthermore, Paraglomus, Claroideoglomus, and Glomus were the most abundant genera. Canonical correspondence analysis demonstrated the effect of soil pH, invertase, nitrogen, phosphorus, and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents on AMF community composition. Results from the correlation analysis revealed a reduction in AMF diversity with increases in SOC and phosphorus contents. These findings suggest AMF community composition varied with land use type (farmland and woodland), and provide a basis for protecting and utilizing AMF resources in the black soil region of northeast China.

scholarly journals Influence of Habitat and Climate Variables on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Community Distribution, as Revealed by a Case Study of Facultative Plant Epiphytism under Semiarid Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (23) ◽  
pp. 7203-7209 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Torrecillas ◽  
P. Torres ◽  
M. M. Alguacil ◽  
J. I. Querejeta ◽  
A. Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Amf Communities

ABSTRACTIn semiarid Mediterranean ecosystems, epiphytic plant species are practically absent, and only some species of palm trees can support epiphytes growing in their lower crown area, such asPhoenix dactyliferaL. (date palm). In this study, we focused onSonchus tenerrimusL. plants growing as facultative epiphytes inP. dactyliferaand its terrestrial forms growing in adjacent soils. Our aim was to determine the possible presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in these peculiar habitats and to relate AMF communities with climatic variations. We investigated the AMF community composition of epiphytic and terrestrialS. tenerrimusplants along a temperature and precipitation gradient across 12 localities. Epiphytic roots were colonized by AMF, as determined by microscopic observation; all of the epiphytic and terrestrial samples analyzed showed AMF sequences from taxa belonging to the phylumGlomeromycota, which were grouped in 30 AMF operational taxonomic units. The AMF community composition was clearly different between epiphytic and terrestrial root samples, and this could be attributable to dispersal constraints and/or the contrasting environmental and ecophysiological conditions prevailing in each habitat. Across sites, the richness and diversity of terrestrial AMF communities was positively correlated with rainfall amount during the most recent growing season. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between climate variables and AMF richness and diversity for epiphytic AMF communities, which suggests that the composition of AMF communities in epiphytic habitats appears to be largely determined by the availability and dispersion of fungal propagules from adjacent terrestrial habitats.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document