scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effect of Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue on White Clover Can Be Alleviated by Glomus mosseae Instead of Rhizobia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Jinming Liu ◽  
Xiaoyu Ge ◽  
Xiaowen Fan ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Yubao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Artificial Ecosystems

In artificial ecosystems, mixed planting of gramineous and leguminous plants can have obvious advantages and is very common. Due to their improved growth performances and stress tolerance, endophyte-infected grasses are considered to be ideal plant species for grasslands. However, endophytic fungi can inhibit the growth of neighboring nonhost leguminous plants. In this study, we chose endophyte-infected and endophyte-free tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Darbyshire ex. Schreb.) and clover (Trifolium repens) as the experimental materials to explore whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium can alleviate the inhibitory effect of endophyte infection on clover. The results showed that endophytic fungi significantly reduced clover biomass. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation significantly increased the biomass of clover in both endophyte-infected tall fescue/clover and endophyte-free tall fescue/clover systems but the beneficial contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was more obvious in the endophyte-infected tall fescue/clover system. Rhizobia inoculation could alleviate the detrimental effect of tall fescue on the growth of clover but did not alleviate the detrimental effect of endophyte infection on the growth of clover.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mycorrhizal Inoculum and Phosphorus Treatment on Growth and Flowering of Ajania (Ajania pacifica (Nakai) Bremer et Humphries) Plant

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Matej Vosnjak ◽  
Matevz Likar ◽  
Gregor Osterc
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Number Of Shoots

The influence of mycorrhizal inoculum in combination with different phosphorus treatments on growth and flowering parameters of Ajania (Ajania pacifica (Nakai) Bremer et Humphries) plants was investigated in two growing seasons (2015 and 2016). Plants of the cultivar ‘Silver and Gold’ were transplanted into pots either with added mycorrhizal inoculum or without inoculum and assigned to four phosphorus treatments. Mycorrhizal colonization was assessed by evaluating the frequency of colonization, intensity of colonization and density of fungal structures (arbuscules, vesicles, coils and microsclerotia) in the roots. During the growing season, the content of plant available phosphorus in the soil was analyzed, and shoot length, number of shoots, number of inflorescences, number of flowers and flowering time were evaluated. Inoculated Ajania plants were successfully colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi. In the root segments, hyphae were mainly observed, as well as vesicles, coils, arbuscules and microsclerotia, but in lower density. The density of fungal structures did not differ among phosphorus treatments, but did differ between years, with a higher density of fungal structures in 2016. Mycorrhizal plants developed higher number of shoots in 2016, higher number of inflorescences, higher number of flowers, and they flowered longer compared to uninoculated plants.

scholarly journals NATIVE MICROBIOTA AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON GROWTH OF Paspalum millegrana SCHRAD

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
JOHNY DE JESUS MENDONÇA ◽  
LARISSA DE SOUZA GOIS ◽  
JACILENE FRANCISCA SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
TAMIRIS APARECIDA DE CARVALHO SANTOS ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
The Family ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi ◽  
Shoot Mass ◽  
Gigaspora Albida

ABSTRACT Paspalum millegrana grass is a member of the family Poaceae native to the Americas, whose interaction with native symbiotic fungi has not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interactions between the native microorganisms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the development of P. millegrana Schrad. The experimental design was completely randomized with seven treatments (control, without AMF; native microbial inoculant; native + UFLA05 Gigaspora albida; native + UFLA351 Rhizoglomus clarum; native + UFLA372 Claroideoglomus etunicatum; native + UFLA401 Acaulospora morrowiae, and a mix of all treatments). The substrate was autoclaved sand and coconut powder at 2:1, with eight repetitions. The variables analyzed were: mycorrhizal colonization, dark septate endophytic fungi colonization, number of mycorrhizal spores, dry shoot mass, dry root mass, root length and volume, number of tiller and mycorrhizal dependence. Mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi colonized P. millegrana. The sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with P. millegrana was influenced by mycorrhizal colonization, depending on the fungus-plant interaction. P. millegrana was responsive to native + UFLA05 and native + UFLA351. No correlation between tiller emergence and mycorrhizal colonization of P. millegrana was observed.

Tripartite Interactions Between Endophytic Fungi, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Leymus chinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Man Wu ◽  
Jinming Liu ◽  
Yaobing Qu ◽  
Yubao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Tripartite Interactions

scholarly journals ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND DARK SEPTATE ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ON THE BIOMASS DEVELOPMENT OF VETIVER GRASS

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
JESSICA SILVA SANTOS ◽  
JACILENE FRANCISCA SOUZA SANTOS ◽  
LÁZARA JOSSIKARLA DE OLIVEIRA LOPES ◽  
JOHNY DE JESUS MENDONÇA ◽  
FRANCISCO SANDRO RODRIGUES HOLANDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Grass Family ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Vetiver grass is a member of the grass family Poaceae. Its fast development is probably due to the interaction with native microbiota, whose influence has not been studied yet. The objective of this work was to evaluate the colonization and development of the vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytic fungi. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with six treatments (control, without mycorrhizal fungi, native inoculants, UFLA05 - Gigaspora albida, UFLA351 - Rhizoglomus clarum, UFLA372 - Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and UFLA401 - Acaulospora morrowiae), with three replicates each. Vetiver grass tillers as well as the native microbial inoculum were obtained from the Lower São Francisco river experimental area, located in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil. There was a negative interaction between all tested UFLAs mycorrhizal isolates and the native microbiota (mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi) in the treatments, especially when taking into consideration plant height and volume of roots. The effects of inoculation with UFLA isolates may have been influenced by the presence of the native mycorrhizal fungi and the dark septate endophytic fungi. Vetiver grass was responsive to the native inoculant. The mycorrhizal colonization of the vetiver grass was vesicular, but the formation of the arbuscules can be influenced by the interaction between the fungus, plant, and the environment.

scholarly journals Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in soils of some legumes and their response to varying concentrations of phosphorus application

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 539-547
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Temitope Alori ◽  
Oluyemisi Bolajoko Fawole ◽  
Medinat Olaitan Akanji
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Phosphorus Application

AbstractA potted experiment arranged in a 5 × 3 factorial in a randomized complete block design was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the soil of five leguminous plants: Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth, Centrosema pascuorum Martius ex Benth, Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don, Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet and Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. The effects of varying phosphorus concentrations (P0) (0 kg/ha of single superphosphate), P1 (100 kg/ha of single superphosphate) and P2 (200 kg/ha of single superphosphate) on the population of AMF spores under these legumes were also carried out. The AMF spores in soil samples were extracted at 19 weeks after planting, using the wet sieving and decanting method, and enumerated with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Spores of different species of genera Glomus and Gigaspora were encountered in the soils of the five leguminous plants. Spores of Glomus species predominated while the spores of Gigaspora species were found in lower numbers. The total AMF population was significantly affected by legume species (p ≤ 0.05). The total AMF spore counts were higher in the soils of Mucuna pruriens and Crotolaria ochroleuca (p ≤ 0.05). The populations of Glomus mossae in soils decreased with increasing level of applied phosphorus (p ≤ 0.05). A positive correlation was recorded between the total AMF spores, the predominant AMF spores and soil pH, while the organic matter content and the available phosphorus were negatively correlated with both the total AM spores and the predominant AMF spores.

scholarly journals Features of mycorrhiza Trifolium pratense L. in various phytocenoses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Mazurek ◽  
I. S. Zhebrak
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
High Degree

In four meadow phytocenoses after the restoration of anthropogenic biotopes, a high degree of mycotrophy of Trifolium pratense was established. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (arbuscules, vesicles, free and intra-root nonseptic mycelium) and dark-colored septic endophytic fungi (sporocarpies and free septic mycelium) were revealed in the roots of the studied plants.

scholarly journals Succession of endophytic fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the growth of plant and their correlation with secondary metabolites in the roots of plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanli Dang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Zhongke Wang ◽  
Guifang Li ◽  
Wenqin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Amf Diversity ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation ◽  
Amf Communities

Abstract Background To decipher the root and microbial interaction, secondary metabolite accumulation in roots and the microbial community’s succession model during the plant’s growth period demands an in-depth investigation. However, till now, no comprehensive study is available on the succession of endophytic fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with roots of medicinal licorice plants and the effects of endophytic fungi and AMF on the secondary metabolite accumulation in licorice plant’s root. Results In the current study, interaction between root and microbes in 1–3 years old medicinal licorice plant’s root and rhizospheric soil was investigated. Secondary metabolites content in licorice root was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The composition and diversity of endophytic and AMF in the root and soil were deciphered using high-throughput sequencing technology. During the plant’s growth period, as compared to AMF, time and species significantly affected the diversity and richness of endophytic fungi, such as Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Sarocladium. The growth period also influenced the AMF diversity, evident by the significant increase in the relative abundance of Glomus and the significant decrease in the relative abundance of Diversispora. It indicated a different succession pattern between the endophytic fungal and AMF communities. Meanwhile, distance-based redundancy analysis and Mantel tests revealed root’s water content and secondary metabolites (glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and total flavonoids), which conferred endophytic fungi and AMF diversity. Additionally, plant growth significantly altered soil’s physicochemical properties, which influenced the distribution of endophytic fungal and AMF communities. Conclusions This study indicated a different succession pattern between the endophytic fungal and AMF communities. During the plant’s growth period, the contents of three secondary metabolites in roots increased per year, which contributed to the overall differences in composition and distribution of endophytic fungal and AMF communities. The endophytic fungal communities were more sensitive to secondary metabolites than AMF communities. The current study provides novel insights into the interaction between rhizospheric microbes and root exudates.

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