scholarly journals Resistance Profiling and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum/Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chickens in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ju Song ◽  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Mi Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pfge Profiles

We aimed to identify and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-and/or plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broiler chickens slaughtered for human consumption in Korea. A total of 332 E. coli isolates were identified from 339 cloacal swabs in 2019. More than 90% of the isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. ESBL/pAmpC-production was noted in 14% (46/332) of the isolates. Six of the CTX-M-β-lactamase-producing isolates were found to co-harbor at least one plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene. We observed the co-existence of blaCMY-2 and mcr-1 genes in the same isolate for the first time in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the majority of blaCMY-2-carrying isolates belonged to subgroup D. Conjugation confirmed the transferability of blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes, as well as non-β-lactam resistance traits from 60.9% (28/46) of the ESBL/pAmpC-producing isolates to a recipient E. coli J53. The ISECP, IS903, and orf477 elements were detected in the upstream or downstream regions. The blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes mainly belonged to the IncI1, IncHI2, and/or IncFII plasmids. Additionally, the majority of ESBL/pAmpC-producing isolates exhibited heterogeneous PFGE profiles. This study showed that healthy chickens act as reservoirs of ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli that can potentially be transmitted to humans.

Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase–Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Foods in Shaanxi Province, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1018-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEILI XI ◽  
QIAN WU ◽  
XIN WANG ◽  
BAOWEI YANG ◽  
XIAODONG XIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Escherichia coli strains have been reported worldwide; however, the incidence and characterization of foodborne ESBL-producing E. coli strains have been rarely reported in the People's Republic of China. Among a collection of 659 E. coli isolates recovered from retail foods in Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China, 223 cefoxitin-resistant and/or cefoperazone-resistant isolates were screened for ESBL production with the double disk diffusion test. The ESBL-producing isolates were characterized for antimicrobial resistance and the presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. Isolates with blaCTX-M were further classified by PCR as having blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, blaCTX-M-9, or blaCTX-M-25. One hundred forty-seven isolates were identified as ESBL positive. PCR detection revealed that 146 isolates (99.3%) contained the blaCTX-M gene. Among these isolates, 42 (28.8%) were positive for the enzyme CTX-M-1, 5 (3.4%) for CTX-M-2, and 99 (67.8%) for CTX-M-9. No CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-25 were found in this study. One hundred fifteen isolates (78.2%) were positive for the blaTEM gene, but blaSHV was not detected. Among the 147 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, 75 (51.0%), 35 (23.8%), and 4 (2.7%) isolates were positive for blaTEM and blaCTX-M-9, blaTEM and blaCTX-M-1, and blaTEM and blaCTX-M-2, respectively. All of the 147 ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to three or more non–β-lactam antibiotics. This study provides evidence that foodborne E. coli can harbor ESBL-encoding genes. Thus, food could be a vehicle for the dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli strains, a situation that requires surveillance and appropriate management strategies.

scholarly journals Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates causing bacteremia in the Netherlands (2014 – 2016) differ in clonal distribution, antimicrobial resistance gene and virulence gene content

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise van Hout ◽  
Tess D. Verschuuren ◽  
Patricia C.J. Bruijning-Verhagen ◽  
Thijs Bosch ◽  
Anita C. Schürch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Clonal Distribution

ABSTRACTBackgroundKnowledge on the molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli causing E. coli bacteremia (ECB) in the Netherlands is mostly based on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec). We determined differences in clonality and resistance and virulence gene (VG) content between non-ESBL-producing E. coli (non-ESBL-Ec) and ESBL-Ec blood isolates with different epidemiological characteristics.Materials/methodsA random selection of non-ESBL-Ec isolates as well as all available ESBL-Ec blood isolates was obtained from two Dutch hospitals between 2014 and 2016. Whole genome sequencing was performed to infer sequence types (STs), serotypes, acquired antibiotic resistance genes and VG scores, based on presence of 49 predefined putative pathogenic VG.ResultsST73 was most prevalent among the 212 non-ESBL-Ec (N=26, 12.3%) and ST131 among the 69 ESBL-Ec (N=30, 43.5%). Prevalence of ST131 among non-ESBL-Ec was 10.4% (N=22, P value < 0.001 compared to ESBL-Ec). O25:H4 was the most common serotype in both non-ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Ec. Median acquired resistance gene counts were 1 (IQR 1 – 6) and 7 (IQR 4 – 9) for non-ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Ec, respectively (P value < 0.001). Among non-ESBL-Ec, acquired resistance gene count was highest among blood isolates from a primary gastro-intestinal focus (median 4, IQR 1 – 8). Median VG scores were 13 (IQR 9 – 20) and 12 (IQR 8 – 14) for non-ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Ec, respectively (P value = 0.002). VG scores among non-ESBL-Ec from a primary urinary focus (median 15, IQR 11 – 21) were higher compared to non-ESBL-Ec from a primary gastro-intestinal (median 10, IQR 6 – 13) or hepatic-biliary focus (median 11, IQR 5 – 18) (P values = 0.007 and 0.036, respectively). VG content varied between different E. coli STs.ConclusionsNon-ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Ec blood isolates from two Dutch hospitals differed in clonal distribution, resistance gene and VG content. Also, resistance gene and VG content differed between non-ESBL-Ec from different primary foci of ECB.

Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Qatar

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla O. Eltai ◽  
Elmoubasher A. Abdfarag ◽  
Hamad Al-Romaihi ◽  
Eman Wehedy ◽  
Mahmoud H. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Stewardship Program

ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a growing public health concern worldwide, and it is a top health challenge in the 21st century. AR among Enterobacteriaceae is rapidly increasing, especially in third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Further, strains carrying mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes 1 and 2 have been isolated from humans, food-producing animals, and the environment. The uncontrolled use of antibiotics in food-producing animals is a major factor in the generation and spread of AR. No studies have been done to evaluate AR in the veterinary sector of Qatar. This study aimed at establishing primary baseline data for the prevalence of AR among food-producing animals in Qatar. Fecal samples (172) were obtained from two broiler farms and one live bird market in Qatar, and 90 commensal Escherichia coli bacteria were isolated and subjected to susceptibility testing against 16 clinically relevant antibiotics by using the E-test method. The results found that 81 (90%) of 90 isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, 14 (15.5%) of 90 isolates were colistin resistant, 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers, and 2 (2.2%) of 90 isolates were multidrug resistant to four antibiotic classes. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing E. coli and colistin-resistant isolates were confirmed by using double-disc susceptibility testing and PCR, respectively. Such a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli could be the result of a long application of antibiotic treatment, and it is an indicator of the antibiotic load in food-producing animals in Qatar. Pathogens carrying AR can be easily transmitted to humans through consumption of undercooked food or noncompliance with hygiene practices, mandating prompt development and implementation of a stewardship program to control and monitor the use of antibiotics in the community and agriculture.

scholarly journals Dogs of Nomadic Pastoralists in Northern Kenya Are Reservoirs of Plasmid-Mediated Cephalosporin- and Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli, Including Pandemic Clone B2-O25-ST131

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 4013-4017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Albrechtova ◽  
Monika Dolejska ◽  
Alois Cizek ◽  
Dagmar Tausova ◽  
Jiri Klimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Northern Kenya ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nomadic Pastoralists ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Pfge Profiles

ABSTRACTResistance inEscherichia coliisolates colonizing gastrointestinal tracts of dogs, cats, and their owners in Northern Kenya was investigated with an emphasis on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Totals of 47 (22%,n= 216), 2 (4%,n= 50), and 4 (17%,n= 23) CTX-M-15-producingE. coliisolates were obtained from dogs, cats, and humans, respectively. CTX-M-15-producingE. coliisolates with identical PFGE profiles were detected in animals and humans living in the same area.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Sampling Reveals Persistence of and Genetic Diversity in Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli From Norwegian Broiler Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Sølverød Mo ◽  
Madelaine Norström ◽  
Jannice Schau Slettemeås ◽  
Anne Margrete Urdahl ◽  
Amar Anandrao Telke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Longitudinal Sampling ◽  
Sequence Types

There are knowledge gaps concerning dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Escherichia coli and their plasmids in broiler production and the persistence of strains on broiler farms. Thus, we aimed at characterising ESC-resistant Escherichia coli collected from all flocks reared on 10 different farms during a six-months sampling period. All isolates (n = 43) were subjected to whole-genome sequencing, and a subset of isolates (n = 7) were also sequenced using oxford nanopore technology and subsequent hybrid assembly in order to do in-depth characterisation of the ESC resistance plasmids. The 43 isolates belonged to 11 different sequence types, and three different ESC resistance gene/plasmid combinations were present, namely, IncK2/blaCMY-2 (n = 29), IncI1/blaCMY-2 (n = 6) and IncI1/blaCTX-M-1 (n = 8). ESC-resistant E. coli of different STs and with different ESC resistance gene/plasmid combinations could be present on the same farm, while a single ST and ESC resistance gene/plasmid displaying zero or few SNP differences were present on other farms. In-depth characterisation of IncK2/blaCMY-2 plasmids revealed that at least two distinct variants circulate in the broiler production. These plasmids showed close homology to previously published plasmids from other countries. Our longitudinal study show that ESC-resistant E. coli belong to a multitude of different STs and that different ESC resistance genes and plasmids occur. However, there is also indication of persistence of both ESC-resistant E. coli strains and IncK2/blaCMY-2 plasmids on farms. Further studies are warranted to determine the dynamics of strains, plasmids and ESC resistance genes within single broiler flocks.

scholarly journals Characterization of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamases Produced by Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Dogs in Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rzewuska ◽  
Ilona Stefańska ◽  
Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda ◽  
Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel ◽  
Paulina Szczygielska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
First Report ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Escherichia coli is a common cause of infections in companion animals. In recent years the increasing prevalence of resistance to β-lactams, including extended-spectrum cephalosporins, antimicrobials frequently used in small animal veterinary practice, was observed in canine isolates of E. coli. The aim of this study was to detect and to characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) produced by E. coli isolated from diseased dogs in Poland. Four isolates out of 119 studied (3.4%) were ESBL-positive. They harbored the blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-15, and blaTEM-116 genes. This study provides the first report of the occurrence of ESBL-producing E. coli in dogs in Poland.

scholarly journals Genomic and Proteomic Characterization of the Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Strain CCUG 73778: A Virulent, Nosocomial Outbreak Strain

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jaén-Luchoro ◽  
Antonio Busquets ◽  
Roger Karlsson ◽  
Francisco Salvà-Serra ◽  
Christina Åhrén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Escherichia coli strain CCUG 78773 is a virulent extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing ST131-O25b type strain isolated during an outbreak at a regional university hospital. The complete and closed genome sequence, comprising one chromosome (5,076,638 bp) and six plasmids (1718–161,372 bp), is presented. Characterization of the genomic features detected the presence of 59 potential antibiotic resistance factors, including three prevalent β-lactamases. Several virulence associated elements were determined, mainly related with adherence, invasion, biofilm formation and antiphagocytosis. Twenty-eight putative type II toxin-antitoxin systems were found. The plasmids were characterized, through in silico analyses, confirming the two β-lactamase-encoding plasmids to be conjugative, while the remaining plasmids were mobilizable. BLAST analysis of the plasmid sequences showed high similarity with plasmids in E. coli from around the world. Expression of many of the described virulence and AMR factors was confirmed by proteomic analyses, using bottom-up, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The detailed characterization of E. coli strain CCUG 78773 provides a reference for the relevance of genetic elements, as well as the characterization of antibiotic resistance and the spread of bacteria harboring ESBL genes in the hospital environment.

Residu Antibiotik Serta Keberadaan Escherichia Coli Penghasil ESBL pada Daging Ayam Broiler di Pasar Kota Purwokerto

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Anriani Puspita Karunia Ning Widhi ◽  
Imam Nafi Yana Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Starting Point

Latar belakang: Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan asal ternak yang berasal dari unggas memiliki angka konsumsi yang cukup tinggi salah satunya yaitu ayam broiler. Untuk memenuhi tingginya permintaan terhadap ayam broiler pada pakandiberifeed additiveserta antibiotic growth promotor (AGP) dalam bentuk antibiotik untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan dan daya tahan tubuh. Pemanfaatan antibiotik yang tidak bijak akan menimbulkan residu antibiotik serta resistensi Escherichia coli penghasil Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL).Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil screeningtest. Data ditunjukkan dalam tabel dangambar yang dibahas secara deskriptif. Variabel yang diamati residu antibiotik tetrasiklin serta E. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler.Hasil: Temuan terhadap residu antibiotik tetrasiklin pada daging ayam broiler yaitu sebesar 7,14% dengan rerata zona hambat 12,13 mm, sedangkan hasil identifikasi E. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler diperoleh hasil sebesar 71,4%.Simpulan:Residu antibiotik tetrasiklin dalam daging ayam broiler masih tergolong aman dapat dikonsumsi namun, temuanE. coli penghasil ESBL pada daging ayam broiler menimbulkan masalah kesehatan, baik bagi kesehatan hewan maupun manusia, serta dapat menimbulkan resistensi terhadap antibiotik. ABSTRACT Title: Broiler Chicken Meat Sold at Purwokerto's Market Has Antibiotic Residues and Escherichia Coli That Produces EsblBackground: Poultry, of which broiler chickens are one example, is a food source with a relatively high consumption rate.Feed additives and antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the form of antibiotics in the ration are given to increase broilers’ growth and endurance to meet the high demand for them. It is important to note that unwise antibiotic use results in the buildup of antibiotic residues and resistance to the Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase(ESBL)produced by Escherichia coli bacterium.Method: To collect primary data for this descriptive study, the screening test results were employed as a starting point. Next, the information was presented in the form of tables and figures.Result: According to this study, broiler chickens had a tetracycline residue of 7.14 percent, with an inhibitory zone mean of 12.13 mm, and 71.4 percent of ESBL-producing E. coli.Conclusion:According to the study, broiler chicken meat with tetracycline residue is still safe to consume. E. coli, which is known to develop an antibiotic-resistant strain of E. coli ESBL) can cause serious health problems in both humans and animals.

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic characterization of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from groundwater in rural areas in southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-608
Author(s):  
Caroline Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Matheus Silva Sanches ◽  
Kawana Hiromori Macedo ◽  
Angélica Marim Lopes Dambrozio ◽  
Sergio Paulo Dejato da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water

Abstract Water-borne diseases like diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC)-induced gastroenteritis are major public health problems in developing countries. In this study, the microbiological quality of water from mines and shallow wells was analyzed for human consumption. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of DEC strains was performed. A total of 210 water samples was analyzed, of which 153 (72.9%) contained total coliforms and 96 (45.7%) E. coli. Of the E. coli isolates, 27 (28.1%) contained DEC genes. The DEC isolates included 48.1% Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), 29.6% enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), 14.9% enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), 3.7% enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), and 3.7% enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC). All the STECs had cytotoxic effects on Vero cells and 14.8% of the DEC isolates were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested. All DEC formed biofilms and 92.6% adhered to HEp-2 cells with a prevalence of aggregative adhesion (74%). We identified 25 different serotypes. One EPEC isolate was serotype O44037:H7, reported for the first time in Brazil. Phylogenetically, 63% of the strains belonged to group B1. The analyzed waters were potential reservoirs for DEC and could act as a source for infection of humans. Preventive measures are needed to avoid such contamination.

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