scholarly journals Different Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Hive-Stored Bee Bread and Their Possible Roles: A Case Study from Two Commercial Honey Bees in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terd Disayathanoowat ◽  
HuanYuan Li ◽  
Natapon Supapimon ◽  
Nakarin Suwannarach ◽  
Saisamorn Lumyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Pollen Preservation ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This study investigated both bacterial and fungal communities in corbicular pollen and hive-stored bee bread of two commercial honey bees, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana, in China. Although both honey bees favor different main floral sources, the dynamics of each microbial community is similar. During pH reduction in hive-stored bee bread, results from conventional culturable methods and next-generation sequencing showed a declining bacterial population but a stable fungal population. Different honey bee species and floral sources might not affect the core microbial community structure but could change the number of bacteria. Corbicular pollen was colonized by the Enterobacteriaceae bacterium (Escherichia-Shiga, Panteoa, Pseudomonas) group; however, the number of bacteria significantly decreased in hive-stored bee bread in less than 72 h. In contrast, Acinetobacter was highly abundant and could utilize protein sources. In terms of the fungal community, the genus Cladosporium remained abundant in both corbicular pollen and hive-stored bee bread. This filamentous fungus might encourage honey bees to reserve pollen by releasing organic acids. Furthermore, several filamentous fungi had the potential to inhibit both commensal/contaminant bacteria and the growth of pathogens. Filamentous fungi, in particular, the genus Cladosporium, could support pollen preservation of both honey bee species.

scholarly journals Nesting habitat and honey production of asiatic honey bees (Apis cerana) in the protected forest in Enrekang Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012111
Author(s):  
Hikmah ◽  
M Daud ◽  
Andi ◽  
Baharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Nesting Habitat ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Bee Bread

Abstract This study aims to determine the characteristics of nesting habitat, harvesting techniques, and honey production of Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana) in the protected forest in Enrekang Regency, Indonesia. Data was collected in the form of primary and secondary data. Data is collected by observation, survey, and literature study then analyzed by descriptive statistical methods. The results showed that the Asiatic honey bee hunting technique by local communities in the protected forest in Enrekang Regency was carried out traditionally during the flowering season, especially in September and October. Asiatic honey bees nest in stone cavities or cracked stones around flowering plants in elevation 976.9-1.085.1 masl. Depth of stone cavities nest ranges between 40-70 cm, height ranges between 20-60 cm, width ranges between 60-100 m, temperature and humidity in stone cavities nest vary between 23-26,9 °C and 70-87%, respectively. The average weight of honeycomb is 1.137,5 g produces an average honey 250.58 g, beeswax 250.58 g, bee bread 169.17 g, and bee brood (eggs, larvae, pupa) 105.42 g. Honey bee yields average is 17.20%, bee wax 60.05%, bee bread 13.97%, and bee brood (larvae, eggs, and pupae) 8.78%.

scholarly journals Note: Recording of Some Beetles in Honey Bee Colonies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Abou-Shaara ◽  
M.E. Ahmad ◽  
J. Háva
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Small Hive Beetles ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Honey bees are very valuable to human. These social insects contribute in the pollination of many crops. Also, the products from honey bee colonies have many nutritional and medicinal benefits. Thus, keeping honey bees are very valuable and can be considered as source of income to many families. There are many diseases and pests that attack honey bee colonies. The pests attack bee colonies include: hornets, wax moths, bee-eater birds, and beetles. Such challenges can impact the survival and productivity of honey bee colonies. In this study, some beetle species belong to Fam. Nitidulidae, Dermestidae and Mycetophagidae were detected in honey bee colonies in Egypt, during spring. Despite the presence of many beetle species in the agricultural environment, only few species preferred the invasion of the colonies for feeding. These beetles do not attack stages of honey bees. They only feed on stored pollen or bee bread, especially those fallen on the bottom of the beehives. This is an alarm to follow the feeding behavior and distribution of these beetles. These beetles’ species can be considered as potential pests to weak honey bee colonies, housed in old or damaged beehives. The presence of large numbers of these beetles in weak colonies may disturb the activities of the bees and may passively impact the survival of the colonies. Listing these beetles is very important to better understanding the interaction between honey bees and beetles. On the other side, small hive beetles were not detected in the colonies. These beetles are currently one of the major problems facing honey bees in different parts of the world. This study confirms the absence of small hive beetles from Egypt.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Moisture, Fat, and Protein Contents of Bee Bread From Apis cerana from Different Regions in North Lombok Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Erwan Erwan ◽  
Lara Dwi Franti ◽  
Dwi Kusuma Purnamasari ◽  
Muhammad Muhsinin ◽  
Agussalim Agussalim
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Preliminary Study

Apis cerana is one of the honeybee species from the Apis genus that produce honey, bee bread, royal jelly, and propolis. The objective of this study was to determine the honeybee forages as the pollen source and to evaluate the moisture, fat, and protein contents of bee bread from the bee of Apis cerana from different regions (Sigar Penjalin, Teniga, and Medana villages) in North Lombok, Indonesia. The methods used to determine the pollen source were taken flowers sample and then checking pollen at anther of flowers. The moisture, fat, and protein contents were determined using proximate analysis. The results showed that the honeybee forages as the pollen source from Sigar Penjalin village were maize, cashew, damar, kapok, calabash, breadfruit, passion fruit, and acacia. The plant flowers as the pollen source from Teniga village were coconut, coffee, cacao, citrus, guava, leucaena, papaya, and sugar palm, while those from Medana village were jackfruit, mangosteen, Java apple, maize, rice, candlenut, soybean, and banana. The moisture and fat contents of bee bread from Sigar Penjalin and Teniga villages were similar, and both were lower than the moisture and fat contents of bee bread from Medana village. The protein content of bee bread from Sigar Penjalin and Medana villages were similar, and both were lower than the protein content of bee bread from Teniga village. Thus, the bee bread from Teniga village was higher in protein content for all beekeeping regions, however Teniga village and Sigar Penjalin were similar in moisture and fat contents.

scholarly journals Frischella japonica sp. nov., an anaerobic member of the Orbales in the Gammaproteobacteria, isolated from the gut of the eastern honey bee, Apis cerana japonica Fabricius

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Wolter ◽  
Shota Suenami ◽  
Ryo Miyazaki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
A New Species

The gut of honey bees is characterized by a stable and relatively simple community of bacteria, consisting of seven to ten phylotypes. Two closely related honey bees, Apis mellifera (western honey bee) and Apis cerana (eastern honey bee), show a largely comparable occurrence of those phylotypes, but a distinct set of bacterial species and strains within each bee species. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of Ac13T, a new species within the rare proteobacterial genus Frischella from A. cerana japonica Fabricius. Description of Ac13T as a new species is supported by low identity of the 16S rRNA gene sequence (97.2 %), of the average nucleotide identity based on orthologous genes (77.5 %) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness (24.7 %) to the next but far related type strain Frischella perrara PEB0191T, isolated from A. mellifera. Cells of Ac13T are mesophilic and have a mean length of 2–4 µm and a width of 0.5 µm. Optimal growth was achieved in anoxic conditions, whereas growth was not observed in oxic conditions and strongly reduced in microaerophilic environment. Strain Ac13T shares several features with other members of the Orbaceae , such as the major fatty acid profile, the respiratory quinone type and relatively low DNA G+C content, in accordance with its evolutionary relationship. Unlike F. perrara , strain Ac13T is susceptible to a broad range of antibiotics, which could be indicative for an antibiotic-free A. cerana bee keeping. In conclusion, we propose strain Ac13T as a novel species for which we propose the name Frischella japonica sp. nov. with the type strain Ac13T (=NCIMB 15259=JCM 34075).

scholarly journals Development of Apis cerana District Extractor with innovation of Machinery and Pest control in Kumelembuai Village

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Joice J.I. Rompas ◽  
Betsy Agustina Naomi Pinaria ◽  
Ventje V. Memah
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
The Village

This study aims to: 1). Knowing the development of Apis Cerana Honey BeesF.with extractor engine innovation 2). Control of pests that attack honey bees 3). Obtain products from honeybeesApis Cerana F.produced 4). Predict to what extent the quantity and quality of royal jelly products Apis cerana F.produced in the development of beekeeping in North Sulawesi, especially Kumelembuai Village, South Minahasa Regency. This research is expected to develop beekeeping in North Sulawesi, specifically the local bee Apis cerana in Kumelembuai Village. The benefits obtained from beekeeping development activities include increasing the income and nutritional quality of the community from beekeeping products such as honey, pollen, royal jelly, beeswax, propolis, bee venom. Conservation of natural resources, honey bees play an important role in helping the process of pollinating plants, in addition to beekeeping activities can also increase public awareness to participate in conservation efforts. North Sulawesi, especially in the village of Kumelembuai, can be developed using the methodqueen rearing best because it has bright prospects for cultivation in North Sulawesi. Honey bee cultivation is very profitable, in addition to increasing agricultural production (crop yields) and producing products from beesApis cerana namely honey, royal jelly, tepung sari, propolis, wax, bee venom which can all be utilized for human welfare. A number of studies have been carried out by various parties who feel an interest in the development of beekeeping, but the research conducted is still partial and limited to one or two environmental components, not integrated yet. It is hoped that this research can produce the best methods for developing beekeeping in the North Sulawesi kumelembu village. The research location will be conducted in the village of Kumelembuai, South Minahasa regency, North Sulawesi. Laboratory analysis is focused on the content of royal jelly products produced by honey bees Apis cerana F. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion in this study are as follows. 1. Research of the four methods namely Supersedure, Emergency cell, Miller and Doolittle produce superior methods, namely the method Emergency cell. 2. In the methodemergency cell artificial feeds provide queen cell formation and productionroyal jelly with a composition of 100 grams of sugar and 200 grams of water both cane sugar and palm sugar are higher than other treatments, although not significantly different. 3. Artificial feed with a composition of 200 grams of cane sugar and 200 grams of water gives a good effect on the fat content of royal jelly Apis cerana in the method emergency cell. 4. Product of royal jelly as a result of panelist evaluationin this study showed that the preferred odor was not pungent, slightly acidic and sticky taste on the tongue and the white color of the product of royal jelly honey bee Apis cerana

scholarly journals Mexican creeper, Antigonon leptopus Hook. and Arn : An effective bee forage plant to conserve honey bee

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
P V Rami Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Forage Plant

Decline in honey bee populations has become a matter of concern and their conservation is very essential to sustain essential ecosystem services. They provide making available continuous supply of floral resources is of immense value in conserving honey bees. The effectiveness of an ornamental creeper, Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn as a sustainable bee forage plant was evaluated. It attracts four major native species of honey bees viz., Apis cerana, A. florea, A. dorsata and Tetragonula iridipennis. The wild little bee, A. florea was the most dominant forager followed by the Indian bee, A. cerana. The plant is amenable for easy multiplication through seeds as well as cuttings and meets both aesthetic and ecological needs. Using Antigonon, different studies related to honey bees like assessing species diversity, foraging behaviour, temperature driven shifts etc. can be carried out. Popularising perennial bee flora like Antigonon would help in conserving honey bees in both natural and urban habitats. Since Antigonon attracts all species of honey bees throughout the year, it could be utilized as a potential bioindicator of honey bee populations in a given environment.

scholarly journals Norwegian honey bees surviving Varroa destructor mite infestations by means of natural selection

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A.Y. Oddie ◽  
Bjørn Dahle ◽  
Peter Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Mite Infestation ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Colony Survival

Background Managed, feral and wild populations of European honey bee subspecies, Apis mellifera, are currently facing severe colony losses globally. There is consensus that the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, that switched hosts from the Eastern honey bee Apis cerana to the Western honey bee A. mellifera, is a key factor driving these losses. For >20 years, breeding efforts have not produced European honey bee colonies that can survive infestations without the need for mite control. However, at least three populations of European honey bees have developed this ability by means of natural selection and have been surviving for >10 years without mite treatments. Reduced mite reproductive success has been suggested as a key factor explaining this natural survival. Here, we report a managed A. mellifera population in Norway, that has been naturally surviving consistent V. destructor infestations for >17 years. Methods Surviving colonies and local susceptible controls were evaluated for mite infestation levels, mite reproductive success and two potential mechanisms explaining colony survival: grooming of adult worker bees and Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH): adult workers specifically detecting and removing mite-infested brood. Results Mite infestation levels were significantly lower in surviving colonies and mite reproductive success was reduced by 30% when compared to the controls. No significant differences were found between surviving and control colonies for either grooming or VSH. Discussion Our data confirm that reduced mite reproductive success seems to be a key factor for natural survival of infested A. mellifera colonies. However, neither grooming nor VSH seem to explain colony survival. Instead, other behaviors of the adult bees seem to be sufficient to hinder mite reproductive success, because brood for this experiment was taken from susceptible donor colonies only. To mitigate the global impact of V. destructor, we suggest learning more from nature, i.e., identifying the obviously efficient mechanisms favored by natural selection.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN SUMBER PAKAN DAN STRATEGI PEMBERIAN PAKAN Apis cerana DENGAN APIDAE LAINNYA: A REVIEW.

Bio-Lectura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Rhavy Ferdyan ◽  
Ramadhan Sumarmin ◽  
Dwi Hilda Putri
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Forage Plants

Apis cerana, which is often known as honey bee, has spread from Afghanistan, China, Japan, to Indonesia. This distribution cannot be separated from Apis cerana's ability to survive by needing food. Pollen and nectar are the main food sources for Apis cerana in maintaining life. Apis cerana is widely cultivated by the community with its potential. This article aims to describe in more detail about the forage plants from Apis cerana and how the feeding strategies of honey bees were assembled from several studies in various regions, both in Indonesia and outside Indonesia as well as comparing these daily activities with other Apidae. The discussion is focused on the comparative analysis of the daily activities of Apis cerana with other Apidae to see the uniqueness of Apis cerana which is a factor in the number of bees being cultivated.

Autonomous self-pollination and insect visitation in a saprophytic orchid, Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl.

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhou ◽  
H. Lin ◽  
X.-L. Fan ◽  
J.-Y. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Asian Honey Bee ◽  
Insect Visitors

Reproductive biology of saprophytic plants has been poorly studied. Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl. is a small saprophytic orchid that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia, Australia and Africa. The floral biology and insect visitation of E. roseum were studied in Xishuangbanna, south Yunnan Province, China. E. roseum possesses an obligate self-pollination system, in which the degenerative rostellum has lost its function as a physical barrier separating the stigma and stamens (pollinia), allowing contact between the stigmatic secretions and the pollinia during bud development. Flowers of E. roseum usually open and successfully attract insect visitors. The Asian honey bee (Apis cerana cerana) was the only visitor observed, and regularly visited flowers of E. roseum for nectar. However, these bees did not carry pollinia away after visiting the flowers due to the absence of a viscid disk in E. roseum; the results of experiments also indicated that the Asian honey bee does not contribute to fruit set in E. roseum. The visiting frequency of Asian honey bees to flowers of E. roseum varied both spatially and temporally. E. roseum does not undergo outcrossing mediated by insects and is adapted to obligate self-pollination. We suggest that this may have evolved because of the uncertainty of pollinator services associated with its saprophytic lifestyle. Our current studies do not support the hypothesis that obligate autogamy is favoured by myco-heterotrophic plants due to resource limitations.

scholarly journals Pan Traps for Tracking Honey Bee Activity-Density: A Case Study in Soybeans

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Ashley L. St. Clair ◽  
Adam G. Dolezal ◽  
Matthew E. O’Neal ◽  
Amy L. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Activity Density ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
A Site ◽  
Monitoring Activity ◽  
Pan Traps

To study how honey bees utilize forage resources and guide pollination management plans in crops, a multitude of methods have been developed, but most are time consuming, costly, and require specialized skills. Colored pan traps for monitoring activity-density are a simple, efficient, and cost-effective alternative; however, their usefulness for studying honey bees is not well described. We examined if trap color, location within a field, and the presence of managed colonies affected estimates of honey bee activity-density within soybean fields. Soybeans are visited by pollinators but do not require these visits for seed development. Pan traps, especially those colored blue, captured more honey bees when colonies were present. There were no differences in activity-density based on placement of traps within a field nor with increasing distance from colonies. Throughout the season, activity-density in soybeans was constant but tripled after soybean ceased blooming, suggesting spikes in pan trap captures may indicate periods of forage scarcity. Activity-density did not correlate with the population size of worker bees at a site, but did correlate with number of colonies present. We conclude that pan traps can be useful for assessing honey bee activity, particularly for estimating colony presence and identifying times of forage scarcity.

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