scholarly journals Are Community Acquired Respiratory Viral Infections an Underestimated Burden in Hematology Patients?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Popescu ◽  
Ursache ◽  
Feketea ◽  
Bocsan ◽  
Jimbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Improve Outcome ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Despite a plethora of studies demonstrating significant morbidity and mortality due to community-acquired respiratory viral (CRV) infections in intensively treated hematology patients, and despite the availability of evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in this setting, there is no uniform inclusion of respiratory viral infection management in the clinical hematology routine. Nevertheless, timely diagnosis and systematic management of CRV infections in intensively treated hematology patients has a demonstrated potential to significantly improve outcome. We have briefly summarized the recently published data on CRV infection epidemiology, as well as guidelines on the diagnosis and management of CRV infections in patients intensively treated for hematological malignancies. We have also assessed available treatment options, as well as mentioned novel agents currently in development.

Indicators of the kinin blood system in severe forms of acute respiratory viral infections in children

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
V. A. Anokhin ◽  
A. D. Tsaregorodtsev
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Blood System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of this work was to study the parameters of the components of the kinin blood system in children with severe forms of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) with neurotoxicosis syndrome. 55 children with ARVI (aged from 1 to 6 months - 14, from 6 months to 1 year - 18, from 1 to 3 years - 11, from 3 to 7 years - 12). 38 patients were admitted in the first three days of illness, 12 - on 4-5 days and 5 - at a later date. 30 children had a severe form of acute respiratory viral infection and 25 - moderate. Adenovirus infection was diagnosed in 14 patients, influenza - in 16, parainfluenza - in 7, MS-viral infection in 5, mixed viral infection - in 13. The control group consisted of 10 apparently healthy children.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal Type-I Interferon for Immediately Available Prophylaxis Against Emerging Respiratory Viral Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos C. Lee ◽  
Yunjin Jeong ◽  
Sumin Lee ◽  
Haewook Jang ◽  
Allen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Type I ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

In addition to SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, emerging viruses that cause respiratory viral infections will continue to arise. Increasing evidence suggests a delayed, possibly suppressed, type 1 interferon (IFN-I) response occurs early during COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections such as SARS and MERS. These observations prompt considering IFN-β as a prophylactic or early intervention for respiratory viral infections. A rationale for developing and testing intranasal interferon beta (IFN-β) as an immediately available intervention for new respiratory viral infections that will arise unexpectedly in the future is presented and supported by basic and clinical trial observations. IFN-β prophylaxis could limit the spread and consequences of an emerging respiratory viral infection in at-risk individuals while specific vaccines are being developed.

scholarly journals Is Thymoglobulin or Rituximab the Cause of This Serum Sickness? A Case Report of Serum Sickness Dilemma and Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarpreet Sandhu ◽  
Antonia Harford ◽  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Eduardo Alas
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Serum Sickness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Humoral Rejection ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Potential Offender ◽  
Kidney Transplant Patients ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated systemic illness that can occur after treatment with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies such as Rituxan (Rituximab) or antithymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin), respectively. Since Rituximab is now being used as an adjuvant treatment for acute humoral rejection and its prevalence to cause serum sickness is comparable to Thymoglobulin-associated serum sickness (20% versus 27%), it should be considered a potential cause of serum sickness after rejection treatment. In kidney transplant patients, there are no case reports where patient received both Thymoglobulin and Rituximab before developing serum sickness. We are reporting a patient who developed serum sickness after receiving Thymoglobulin and Rituximab that led us to consider Rituximab as one of the potential causes in this patient’s serum sickness. Since diagnosis of serum sickness is clinical, and Rituximab use has expanded into treatment of glomerulonephritis and acute humoral rejection, it should be considered as a potential offender of serum sickness in these patient populations. There are not any evidence-based guidelines or published clinical trials to help guide therapy for antibody-induced serum sickness; however, we successfully treated our case with three doses of Methylprednisone 500 mg intravenously. Further studies are needed to evaluate Rituximab-associated serum sickness in nephrology population to find effective treatment options.

scholarly journals Macrolide Therapy in Respiratory Viral Infections

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Young Min ◽  
Yong Ju Jang
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infection ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Titers

Background. Macrolides have received considerable attention for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions beyond the antibacterial effect. These two properties may ensure some efficacy in a wide spectrum of respiratory viral infections. We aimed to summarize the properties of macrolides and their efficacy in a range of respiratory viral infection.Methods. A search of electronic journal articles through PubMed was performed using combinations of the following keywords including macrolides and respiratory viral infection.Results. Bothin vitroandin vivostudies have provided evidence of their efficacy in respiratory viral infections including rhinovirus (RV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus. Much data showed that macrolides reduced viral titers of RV ICAM-1, which is the receptor for RV, and RV infection-induced cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Macrolides also reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines which were induced by RSV infection, viral titers, RNA of RSV replication, and the susceptibility to RSV infection partly through the reduced expression of activated RhoA which is an RSV receptor. Similar effects of macrolides on the influenza virus infection and augmentation of the IL-12 by macrolides which is essential in reducing virus yield were revealed.Conclusion. This paper provides an overview on the properties of macrolides and their efficacy in various respiratory diseases.

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