scholarly journals Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer Over the Past Decade in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanagi ◽  
Nishikawa ◽  
Shimokuri ◽  
Shuto ◽  
Takagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpes virus, but related with several types of malignancies. Among EBV-related malignancies, EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) has the largest patient’s number. We screened for EBV infection in 1067 GC lesions of 1132 patients who underwent surgical resection from 2007 to 2017 in Japan and examined clinicopathological features of EBVaGC. EBV infection was detected by in situ hybridization with EBV-encoded small RNA 1(EBER-1 ISH). EBV was infected in 80 GC lesions (7.1%). Mean age was significantly lower in patients with EBVaGC than with EBV-negative GC. EBVaGC was more frequent in men than in women. EBVaGC was found twice as frequent in the upper or middle stomach as in the lower stomach. Early EBVaGC was more frequent, and submucosally invaded cases were dominant. The presence of lymphatic vessel invasion was less in EBVaGC, but frequency of lymph node metastasis was similar. Carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (CLS) was found in 3.8% (43/1132) of all lesions with 60.5% of EBV positivity. The synchronous or metachronous multiple GC was frequent in EBVaGC. We clarified clinicopathologic characteristics of EBVaGC over the past decade in Japan. EBV infection should be examined in gastric cancer cases showing these characteristics.

scholarly journals The Clinicopathological Features and Genetic Alterations in Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Cancer Patients after Curative Surgery

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Wen-Liang Fang ◽  
Ming-Huang Chen ◽  
Kuo-Hung Huang ◽  
Chien-Hsing Lin ◽  
Yee Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Curative Surgery ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Solid Type

Background: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (GC) is one of four major gastric cancer types and is traditionally considered to be related to lymphoepithelioma-like GC. Few studies have investigated the clinical significance of EBV infection in intestinal/solid type, diffuse (poorly cohesive) type, and lymphoepithelioma-like GC. Methods: A total of 460 GC patients receiving curative surgery were enrolled. The clinicopathological features, genetic alterations and prognoses were compared between patients with and without EBV infection. Results: EBV-positive GC patients (n = 43) had more tumors located in the upper and middle stomach, more common in lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, more lymphoid stroma, fewer Helicobacter pylori infections, and higher programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression than EBV-negative GC patients. For intestinal/solid type GC, EBV-positive tumors were more likely to be located in the upper and middle stomach, have more lymphoid stroma, fewer Helicobacter pylori infections, higher PD-L1 expression, and more liver metastases than EBV-negative tumors. For diffuse (poorly cohesive) type GC, EBV-positive tumors were more likely to be located in the upper stomach, and have more lymphoid stroma than EBV-negative tumors. For lymphoepithelioma-like GC, EBV-positive tumors had more PI3K/AKT pathway mutations than EBV-negative tumors. Conclusions: Intestinal/solid type GC patients with EBV-positive tumors were associated with higher PD-L1 expression and more liver metastases, while lymphoepithelioma-like GC patients with EBV-positive tumors had more PI3K/AKT pathway mutations. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy may be beneficial for these groups of patients. Routine EBV survey is recommended in GC.

Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric carcinoma at the United States-Mexico border: A single institution study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 440-440
Author(s):  
Sumit Gaur ◽  
Ramadevi Subramani ◽  
Meghan Mcalice ◽  
Osvaldo Padilla ◽  
Brenda Sofia Castillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Routine Testing ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
H Pylori

440 Background: Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most prevalent cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths. Epstein-Barr virus is implicated in the pathogenesis of 5-10% of gastric cancers. Based upon the results obtained from of the cancer genome atlas, EBV related GC is characterized by promoter hypermethylation, PIK3CA mutations (80%) and increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, making it an attractive target for molecularly targeted therapy and immunotherapeutic options. As such, a case can be made for routine testing for EBV in all GC patients. University medical center, El Paso is a tax payer funded safety net health system in El Paso country, TX. We conducted a pilot study to characterize the prevalence of EBV associated gastric cancer seen at this facility. Methods: After obtaining institutional review board (IRB) approval, we identified cases of GC that were diagnosed between January 1, 2008- and December 31-2017. A total of 104 cases were identified of which 17 samples were randomly selected. Pathology specimens were reviewed to identify grade, subtype (intestinal vs diffuse), degree of lymphocytic infiltration and presence/absence of H. pylori. Representative sections from archived tumors were used to perform in-situ hybridization to look for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus. Samples were analyzed using the Rembrandt In situ Hybridization and Detection Universal RISH& HRP Detection Kit for Epstein-Barr early RNA. Results: The median age of the 17 patients is 63 years with 59% being males. 95% self identified as Hispanic. 41% were smokers, 18% used alcohol. The mean BMI was 27.3. Forty one percent of gastric cancer cases were found in the body, 29% in the antrum, 12% in the cardia, and 6% in the fundus. Forty one percent of cases were Stage IV, 24% stage II, 17% Stage III and 17% Stage I. 95% of cases were high grade, 53% of them had signet ring features. 18% of samples were H. pylori positive. None of the seventeen samples tested positive for EBV. Conclusions: EBV does not seem to contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer in our local population. As such routine testing for EBV in all gastric cancer patients may not be a cost effective utilization of resources at our hospital.

scholarly journals Epstein–Barr Virus and Helicobacter Pylori Co-Infection in Non-Malignant Gastroduodenal Disorders

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramsés Dávila-Collado ◽  
Oscar Jarquín-Durán ◽  
Le Thanh Dong ◽  
J. Luis Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Gastroduodenal Disorders

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are two pathogens associated with the development of various human cancers. The coexistence of both microorganisms in gastric cancer specimens has been increasingly reported, suggesting that crosstalk of both pathogens may be implicated in the carcinogenesis process. Considering that chronic inflammation is an initial step in the development of several cancers, including gastric cancer, we conducted a systematic review to comprehensively evaluate publications in which EBV and H. pylori co-infection has been documented in patients with non-malignant gastroduodenal disorders (NMGDs), including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and dyspepsia. We searched the PubMed database up to August 2019, as well as publication references and, among the nine studies that met the inclusion criteria, we identified six studies assessing EBV infection directly in gastric tissues (total 949 patients) and three studies in which EBV infection status was determined by serological methods (total 662 patients). Due to the substantial methodological and clinical heterogeneity among studies identified, we could not conduct a meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of EBV + H. pylori co-infection in NMGDs was 34% (range 1.8% to 60%). A higher co-infection rate (EBV + H. pylori) was reported in studies in which EBV was documented by serological methods in comparison with studies in which EBV infection was directly assessed in gastric specimens. The majority of these studies were conducted in Latin-America and India, with most of them comparing NMGDs with gastric cancer, but there were no studies comparing the co-infection rate in NMGDs with that in asymptomatic individuals. In comparison with gastritis caused by only one of these pathogens, EBV + H. pylori co-infection was associated with increased severity of gastric inflammation. In conclusion, only relatively small studies testing EBV and H. pylori co-infection in NMGDs have been published to date and the variable report results are likely influenced by geographic factors and detection methods.

scholarly journals Radiation-induced Epstein–Barr virus reactivation in gastric cancer cells with latent EBV infection

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 101042831771771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athira Nandakumar ◽  
Futoshi Uwatoko ◽  
Megumi Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuo Tomita ◽  
Hideyuki J Majima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Virus Reactivation ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Reactivation

Epstein–Barr virus plays little role in cervical carcinogenesis in Korean women

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
S. S. Seo ◽  
W. H. Kim ◽  
Y. S. Song ◽  
S. H. Kim ◽  
J. W. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Carcinogenesis ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

We examined whether Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection plays a role in cervical carcinogenesis in Korean women. EBV infection was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with two different primer pairs flanking the BamHI “W” fragment of EBV and by EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBER) in situ hybridization in various histologic types of cervical cancer, including 17 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 36 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 3 cases of small-cell carcinoma. We also evaluated 20 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 20 cases of normal uterine cervix. One case of squamous cell carcinoma and three cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were positive for EBV DNA using PCR, but EBER in situ hybridization analysis showed that none of the PCR-positive cases expressed EBER. EBV DNA was not found using PCR in any of the 20 normal uterine cervices. From our results, EBV infection does not seem to play a role in cervical carcinogenesis in Korean women.

scholarly journals Assessing molecular subtypes of gastric cancer: microsatellite unstable and Epstein-Barr virus subtypes. Methods for detection and clinical and pathological implications

ESMO Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e000470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Martinez-Ciarpaglini ◽  
Tania Fleitas-Kanonnikoff ◽  
Valentina Gambardella ◽  
Marta Llorca ◽  
Cristina Mongort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Blockade ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Mmr Proteins

BackgroundThe molecular classification of gastric cancer recognises two subtypes prone to immune checkpoint blockade: the microsatellite unstable and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related tumours. We aim to assess the concordance between immunohistochemistry and PCR for microsatellite status evaluation, and explore the value of microsatellite instability (MSI) and EBV as predictive survival factors.Material and methodsWe collected 246 consecutively diagnosed gastric cancer cases in all stages and evaluated the microsatellite status using immunohistochemistry for mismatched repair (MMR) proteins and PCR. EBV expression was studied through in situ hybridisation.ResultsForty-five (18%) cases presented MSI and 13 (6%) were positive for EBV. MSI was associated with female sex, older age, distal location and distal non-diffuse type of the modified Lauren classification. EBV expression was most frequent in proximal location and proximal non-diffuse type. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of immunohistochemistry for the microsatellite study were 91%, 98%, 91% and 98%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, MSI was an independent predictor of favourable tumour-specific survival (TSS) in stages I–III (MSI: HR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.95, p=0.04).ConclusionsThe MSI status and the EBV expression should be incorporated in routine pathological report for two reasons. First, MSI defines a different pathological entity with a better outcome. Second, MSI and EBV may be useful biomarkers to identify patients who will respond to immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors. For this purpose, immunohistochemical study for MMR proteins and in situ hybridisation study for EBV evaluation are feasible and cost-effective methods.

scholarly journals A case of Epstein Barr virus-associated primary squamous cell carcinoma of stomach

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Katsura ◽  
Takehiro Okabayashi ◽  
Kazuhiro Ozaki ◽  
Yuichi Shibuya ◽  
Jun Iwata
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Aortic Lymph Node ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of stomach is extremely rare. The pathogenesis of SCC of stomach remains unclear. There is only one report that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCC arising in the stomach ever before. Here, we report a case of Epstein Barr virus infection-associated primary SCC of stomach in a 70-year-old woman. She was presented to the referring hospital with hematemesis. Initial endoscopy revealed a bleeding gastric ulcer in the upper part of gastric corpus and the coagulation therapy was followed. After a 3-month follow-up, endoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor-like protrusion instead of an ulcer. Computed tomography revealed a mass in the upper part of stomach and swollen lymph nodes along with the lesser curvature and para-aortic lymph node. Biopsy could not confirm the definitive diagnosis. We performed total gastrectomy with para-aortic lymph node sampling. Histological analysis revealed squamous cell carcinoma with EBV infection with lymph node metastases. Tumor cells were positive for EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) by in situ hybridization. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on day 11 after the operation. CapeOX was started as adjuvant chemotherapy, and the patient remains alive without recurrence 7 months after surgery. Conclusion This is the first case report of EBV infection-associated primary SCC of the stomach diagnosed by in situ hybridization of EBER. EBV infection may be related to the pathogenesis of primary SCC. Further evidence and studies are required to establish optimal strategy for this rare disease.

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