scholarly journals Fabrication and Characteristics of SnAgCu Alloy Nanowires for Electrical Connection Application

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Jung-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Shen-Chuan Lo ◽  
Shu-Chi Hsu ◽  
Chun-Yao Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Pressure Casting ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Microelectronic Technology ◽  
Snagcu Alloy ◽  
Electrical Connections

As electronic products become more functional, the devices are required to provide better performances and meet ever smaller form factor requirements. To achieve a higher I/O density within the smallest form factor package, applying nanotechniques to electronic packaging can be regarded as a possible approach in microelectronic technology. Sn-3.0 wt% Ag-0.5 wt% Cu (SAC305) is a common solder material of electrical connections in microelectronic devices. In this study, SAC305 alloy nanowire was fabricated in a porous alumina membrane with a pore diameter of 50 nm by the pressure casting method. The crystal structure and composition analyses of SAC305 nanowires show that the main structure of the nanowire is β-Sn, and the intermetallic compound, Ag3Sn, locates randomly but always appears on the top of the nanowire. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicate the melting point of SAC305 alloy nanowire is around 227.7 °C. The melting point of SAC305 alloy nanowire is significantly higher than that of SAC305 bulk alloy (219.4 °C). It is supposed that the non-uniform phase distribution and composite difference between the nanowires causes the change of melting temperature.

MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF Al-Cu-Mg-Ag ALLOY WITH TRACE Zr ADDITION DURING TWO-STEP HOMOGENIZATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEIYUE MA ◽  
ZHIYI LIU
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Zr Addition ◽  
Homogenization Time ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature

The microstructural evolution in an Al - Cu - Mg - Ag alloy with trace Zr addition during homogenization treatment was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that the low-melting-point phase segregating toward grain boundaries is Al 2 Cu , with a melting point of 523.52°C. A two-step homogenization process was employed to optimize the microstructure of the as-cast alloy, during which the alloy was first homogenized at a lower temperature, then at a higher temperature. After homogenized at 420°C for 6 h, Al 3 Zr particles were finely formed in the matrix. After that, when the alloy was homogenized at an elevated temperature for a longer time, i.e., 515°C for 24 h, most of the precipates at the grain boundaries were removed. Furthermore, the dispersive Al 3 Zr precipitates were retained, without coarsening greatly in the final homogenization step. A kinetics model is employed to predict the optimal homogenization time at a given temperature theoretically, and it confirms the result in present study, which is 420°C/6h+515°C/24h.

scholarly journals Effect of the dispersion of the chromophore on the optical performances of polarizers from polyethylene and 5”-thio- (3-butyl)nonyl-2,2’:5’,2”-terthiophene

e-Polymers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pucci ◽  
Letizia Moretto ◽  
Giacomo Ruggeri ◽  
Francesco Ciardelli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Drawing Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Affine Deformation ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractA new polyethylene-compatible terthiophene chromophore, 5”-thio-(3- butyl)nonyl-2,2’:5’,2”-terthiophene, with melting point lower than 0°C was prepared and used for linear polarizers based on ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy indicate that the new chromophore is dispersed uniformly in films of UHMWPE obtained by casting from solution. The films show excellent dichroic properties (dichroic ratio 30) at rather low drawing ratio (≈ 20) . Moreover, qualitative agreement is observed with the Ward pseudo-affine deformation scheme.

Photoluminescence properties of morin and lysozyme molecules absorbed on anodic porous alumina membrane

2004 ◽  
Vol 233 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runping Jia ◽  
Yan Shen ◽  
Haiqing Luo ◽  
Xingguo Chen ◽  
Zhide Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Photoluminescence Properties ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Anodic Porous Alumina ◽  
Porous Alumina Membrane

Effects of In and Sb addition on the thermal and wetting behavior of Sn-3.5Ag solder

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Hasnine
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Solder Alloys ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cu Substrate ◽  
Free Solder

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of In and Sb additions on the thermal behavior and wettability of Sn-3.5Ag-xIn-ySb (x = 0, 1.0 and 1.5 Wt.%, y = 0, 1.0, 1.4 and 2.1 Wt.%) solder alloys. Design/methodology/approach The thermal behavior of the Pb-free solder alloys was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Wetting balance experiments were performed in accordance with the IPC standard, IPC-TM-650 and at a temperature of 260°C. Also, a solder spread test was performed on a Cu surface finish using the JIS-Z-3197 solderability standard. Findings It is shown that among the selected Sn-3.5Ag-xIn-ySb (x = 0, 1.0 and 1.5 Wt.%, y = 0, 1.0, 1.4 and 2.1 Wt.%) alloys, Sn-3.5Ag-1.5In-1Sb showed the lowest melting point and the lowest undercooling temperature. The best wettability was achieved when the In and Sb contents were approximately 1.5 and 1.0 Wt.%, respectively. The effect of the combined addition of In and Sb on solder spreadability on a Cu substrate was also demonstrated. Originality/value It was found that adding approximately 1.5 and 1.0 Wt.% of In and Sb, respectively, in Sn-3.5Ag solder provided the best wetting performance and improved the solder spreadability.

scholarly journals Phase Polymorphism of [Co(DMSO)6](BF4)2 Studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Migdał-Mikuli ◽  
Łukasz Skoczylas ◽  
Elżbieta Szostak
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Metastable Phases ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Phase Polymorphism ◽  
Solid Phases ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Dynamical Disorder

Five solid phases of [Co(DMSO)6](BF4)2 have been detected by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Phase transitions were detected between the following solid phases: stable KIb↔ stable KIa at T̅C4 = (328±2) K, metastable KIII ↔ undercooled phase K0 at T̅C3 = (383±4) K, metastable KII ↔ undercooled K0 at T̅C2 = (399±2) K and stable KIa ↔ stable K0 at T̅C1 = (404±1) K. The title compound melts at Tm = 440 K. From the entropy changes at the melting point and at phase transitions it can be concluded that the phases K0 and undercooled K0 are orientationally dynamically disordered crystals. The stable phases KIa, KIb are ordered solid phases. The metastable phases KII and KIII are probably solid phases with a high degree of orientational dynamical disorder

scholarly journals Energetic Films Realized by Encapsulating Copper Azide in Silicon-Based Carbon Nanotube Arrays with Higher Electrostatic Safety

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuwen Liu ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
Hai Wei ◽  
Bingwen Chen ◽  
Yinghua Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Alumina Film ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anodic Oxidation Method ◽  
Silicon Based

Since copper azide (Cu(N3)2) has high electrostatic sensitivity and is difficult to be practically applied, silicon-based Cu(N3)2@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite energetic films with higher electrostatic safety were fabricated, which can be compatible with micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS). First, a silicon-based porous alumina film was prepared by a modified two-step anodic oxidation method. Next, CNTs were grown in pores of the silicon-based porous alumina film by chemical vapor deposition. Then, copper nanoparticles were deposited in CNTs by electrochemical deposition and oxidized to Cu(N3)2 by gaseous hydrogen azide. The morphology and composition of the prepared silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs energetic films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The electrostatic sensitivity of the composite energetic film was tested by the Bruceton method. The thermal decomposition kinetics of the composite energetic films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the exothermic peak of the silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs composite energetic film is at the temperature of 210.95 °C, its electrostatic sensitivity is significantly less than that of Cu(N3)2 and its 50% ignition energy is about 4.0 mJ. The energetic film shows good electric explosion characteristics and is successfully ignited by laser.

scholarly journals The Role of Polypropylene Microfibers in Thermal Properties and Post-Heating Behavior of Cementitious Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2676
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Irshidat ◽  
Nasser Al-Nuaimi ◽  
Mohamed Rabie
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Heating Behavior

This paper experimentally studied the effect of polypropylene (PP) microfibers on thermal and post-heating mechanical behaviors of cementitious composites. Cement mortars with small dosage of polypropylene fibers were prepared, heated at various temperatures (150 °C, 200 °C, 450 °C, and 600 °C), and then tested. The investigated parameters include residual compressive and flexural strengths, elastic modulus, fracture energy, stress intensity factors, failure modes, microstructure (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging), thermal conductivity, heat flow (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test), mass loss (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test), and chemical composition (XRD analysis). The results showed the efficiency of PP fibers to enhance the post-heating behavior and the residual mechanical properties of cement mortar after heating. The presence of PP fibers did not affect the heat flow and the mass loss of cement mortar at room temperature. However, heating cement mortar at temperature beyond the melting point of the fibers negatively affected its thermal behavior. The presence of PP fibers played a major role in bridging the cracks and mitigating their propagation. Once the melting point of the polypropylene fibers is exceeded, the fibers melted and created extra voids in the microstructure of concrete.

Photoluminescence of ultra-thin-walled Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 nanotubes synthesized in the porous alumina membrane template-directed method

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1040-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Kim ◽  
C. H. Jeon ◽  
Y. S. Lee ◽  
J. K. Han ◽  
Y. C. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Porous Alumina Membrane

scholarly journals Ce3+:CaSc2O4 Crystal Fibers for Green Light Emission: Growth Issues and Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detlef Klimm ◽  
Jan Philippen ◽  
Toni Markurt ◽  
Albert Kwasniewski
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Charge Compensation ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Emission Growth ◽  
Crystal Fibers ◽  
Alkaline Oxides

ABSTRACTCe3+ is known to show broad optical emission peaking in the green spectral range. For the stabilization of 3-valent cerium in ceramic phosphors such as calcium scandate CaSc2O4, often co-doping with sodium for charge compensation is performed (Na+, Ce3+ ↔ 2 Ca2+). At the melting point of CaSc2O4 (≈2110°C), however, alkaline oxides evaporate completely and co-doping is thus no option for crystal growth from the melt. It is shown that even without co-doping Ce3+:CaSc2O4 crystal fibers can be grown from the melt by laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) in a suitable reactive atmosphere. Reactive means here that the oxygen partial pressure is a function of temperature and pO2(T) rises for this atmosphere in such a way that Ce3+ is kept stable for all T. Crystal fibers with ≈1 mm diameter and ≤50 mm length were grown and characterized. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was performed in the pseudo-binary system CaO–Sc2O3, and the specific heat capacity cp(T) of CaSc2O4 was measured up to 1240 K by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Near and beyond the melting point of calcium scandate significant evaporation of calcium tends to shift the melt composition towards the Sc2O3 side. Measurements and thermodynamic calculations reveal quantitative data on the fugacities of evaporating species.

Corrosion resistance characterization of porous alumina membrane supports

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchao Dong ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Jian-er Zhou ◽  
Xiaozhen Zhang ◽  
Yihan Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Porous Alumina Membrane
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