scholarly journals Energetic Films Realized by Encapsulating Copper Azide in Silicon-Based Carbon Nanotube Arrays with Higher Electrostatic Safety

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuwen Liu ◽  
Yan Hu ◽  
Hai Wei ◽  
Bingwen Chen ◽  
Yinghua Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Alumina Film ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anodic Oxidation Method ◽  
Silicon Based

Since copper azide (Cu(N3)2) has high electrostatic sensitivity and is difficult to be practically applied, silicon-based Cu(N3)2@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite energetic films with higher electrostatic safety were fabricated, which can be compatible with micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS). First, a silicon-based porous alumina film was prepared by a modified two-step anodic oxidation method. Next, CNTs were grown in pores of the silicon-based porous alumina film by chemical vapor deposition. Then, copper nanoparticles were deposited in CNTs by electrochemical deposition and oxidized to Cu(N3)2 by gaseous hydrogen azide. The morphology and composition of the prepared silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs energetic films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The electrostatic sensitivity of the composite energetic film was tested by the Bruceton method. The thermal decomposition kinetics of the composite energetic films were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the exothermic peak of the silicon-based Cu(N3)2@CNTs composite energetic film is at the temperature of 210.95 °C, its electrostatic sensitivity is significantly less than that of Cu(N3)2 and its 50% ignition energy is about 4.0 mJ. The energetic film shows good electric explosion characteristics and is successfully ignited by laser.

Crystallization Processes in Amorphous Hydrogenated Silicon Based Alloys

1991 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Demichelis ◽  
C. F. Pirri ◽  
E. Tresso ◽  
L. Battezzati ◽  
E. Giamello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hydrogenated Silicon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amorphous Hydrogenated Silicon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Reactive Gases ◽  
Silicon Based

AbstractAmorphous and microcrystalline films of silicon and silicon carbide have been deposited by means of PECVD at low substrate temperature (200°C), with reactive gases highly diluted in H2. Devices quality a-Si:H films have been annealed in vacuum at temperatures in the range 200- 1000 °C. The transition from amorphous to crystalline structure was studied by X-ray, Raman and I.R. spectroscopies, optical analysis in UV-VIS-NIR region, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Electron Spin Resonance measurements. By comparing the results of the two methods to obtain microcrystalline films we have deduced information on the process of growth of Si and SiC microcrystals.

scholarly journals Bromate Removal from Water Using Doped Iron Nanoparticles on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasem Zeino ◽  
Abdalla Abulkibash ◽  
Mazen Khaled ◽  
Muataz Atieh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition Method ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron

The raw carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method. The raw carbon nanotubes were functionalized, impregnated with iron nanoparticles, and characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The three types of these multiwalled carbon nanotubes were applied as adsorbents for the removal of bromate from drinking water. The effects of the pH, the concentration ofBrO3-anion, the adsorbent dose, the contact time, and the coanions on the adsorption process have been investigated. The results concluded that the highest adsorption capacities were 0.3460 and 0.3220 mg/g through using CNTs-Fe and raw CNTs, respectively, at the same conditions. The results showed that the CNTs-Fe gives higher adsorption capacity compared with the raw CNTs and the functionalized CNTs. The presence of nitrate (NO3-) in the solution decreases the adsorption capacity of all CNTs compared with chloride (Cl-) associated with pH adjustment caused by nitric acid or hydrochloric acid, respectively. However, the adsorption of all MWNCTs types increases as the pH of solution decreases.

The Metastable Phase Responsible for Peak Hardness and Its Morphology in an Al-Mg-Si Alloy

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Fukui ◽  
Mahoto Takeda ◽  
Takao Endo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Metastable Phase ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Peak Hardness ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dsc Measurements ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Precipitation Behaviour ◽  
Isothermal Ageing

Precipitation behaviour in an Al-Mg-Si alloy aged at 403 K to 483 K was studied with respect to thermal stability and morphology of the metastable precipitates, using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Vickers microhardness tests and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The quantitative analysis of the DSC measurements revealed that the change in the first exothermic peak (the peak P) of the metastable phase is proportional to the increases in the Vickers hardness. The HRTEM observations showed the four types of the precipitates in morphology during the isothermal ageing and the change in the peak P was mainly caused by the formation of the precipitates with irregular contrast and the ones with the network interior angle between 65°and 80°

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Specimen Preparation Technique using Focused Ion Beam (FIB): Application to Material Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tungsten (W) and Tungsten Silicides (WSix)

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Doong ◽  
J.-M. Fu ◽  
Y.-C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract The specimen preparation technique using focused ion beam (FIB) to generate cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) samples of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of Tungsten-plug (W-plug) and Tungsten Silicides (WSix) was studied. Using the combination method including two axes tilting[l], gas enhanced focused ion beam milling[2] and sacrificial metal coating on both sides of electron transmission membrane[3], it was possible to prepare a sample with minimal thickness (less than 1000 A) to get high spatial resolution in TEM observation. Based on this novel thinning technique, some applications such as XTEM observation of W-plug with different aspect ratio (I - 6), and the grain structure of CVD W-plug and CVD WSix were done. Also the problems and artifacts of XTEM sample preparation of high Z-factor material such as CVD W-plug and CVD WSix were given and the ways to avoid or minimize them were suggested.

scholarly journals Study on Structure, Thermal Behavior, and Viscoelastic Properties of Nanodiamond-Reinforced Poly (vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1426
Author(s):  
Tomáš Remiš ◽  
Petr Bělský ◽  
Tomáš Kovářík ◽  
Jaroslav Kadlec ◽  
Mina Ghafouri Azar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Primary Particles ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Average Size

In this work, advanced polymer nanocomposites comprising of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanodiamonds (NDs) were developed using a single-step solution-casting method. The properties of the prepared PVA/NDs nanocomposites were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was revealed that the tensile strength improved dramatically with increasing ND content in the PVA matrix, suggesting a strong interaction between the NDs and the PVA. SEM, TEM, and SAXS showed that NDs were present in the form of agglomerates with an average size of ~60 nm with primary particles of diameter ~5 nm. These results showed that NDs could act as a good nanofiller for PVA in terms of improving its stability and mechanical properties.

Low Temperature Large Scale CVD Synthesis of Nano Onion-Like Fullerenes

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3211-3214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shan Chen ◽  
Cun Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Synthesis Reactions

Synthesis reactions were carried out by chemical vapor deposition using iron catalyst supported on aluminum hydroxide at 400 °C and 420 °C, in the presence of argon as carrier gas and acetylene as carbon source. The aluminum hydroxide support was separated by refluxing the samples in 40% NaOH solution for 2 h and 36% HCl solution for 24 h, respectively. The samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that carbon nanotubes were the main products at 420 °C, while large scale high purity nano onion-like fullerenes encapsulating Fe3C, with almost uniform sizes ranging from 10-50 nm, were obtained at the low temperature of 400 °C.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Physical Properties of Single-Crystalline Βeta-FeSi2 Nanowires

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yung Yang ◽  
Shu-Meng Yang ◽  
Yu-Yang Chen ◽  
Kuo-Chang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition Method ◽  
Ferromagnetic Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Field Emitters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Single Source Precursor ◽  
Carrier Gases

Abstract In this study, self-catalyzed β-FeSi2 nanowires, having been wanted but seldom achieved in a furnace, were synthesized via chemical vapor deposition method where the fabrication of β-FeSi2 nanowires occurred on Si (100) substrates through the decomposition of the single-source precursor of anhydrous FeCl3 powders at 750–950 °C. We carefully varied temperatures, duration time, and the flow rates of carrier gases to control and investigate the growth of the nanowires. The morphology of the β-FeSi2 nanowires was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the structure of them was analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The growth mechanism has been proposed and the physical properties of the iron disilicide nanowires were measured as well. In terms of the magnetization of β-FeSi2, nanowires were found to be different from bulk and thin film; additionally, longer β-FeSi2 nanowires possessed better magnetic properties, showing the room-temperature ferromagnetic behavior. Field emission measurements demonstrate that β-FeSi2 nanowires can be applied in field emitters.

Effectiveness and Reliability of Metal Diffusion Barriers for Copper Interconnects

1995 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bai ◽  
S. Wittenbrock ◽  
V. Ochoa ◽  
R. Villasol ◽  
C. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Diffusion Barriers ◽  
Copper Interconnects ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

AbstractCu has two advantages over Al for sub-quarter micron interconnect application: (1) higher conductivity and (2) improved electromigration reliability. However, Cu diffuses quickly in SiO2and Si, and must be encapsulated. Polycrystalline films of Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Ta, W, Mo, TiN, and Metal-Organo Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) TiN and Ti-Si-N have been evaluated as Cu diffusion barriers using electrically biased-thermal-stressing tests. Barrier effectiveness of these thin films were correlated with their physical properties from Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) analysis. The barrier failure is dominated by “micro-defects” in the barrier film that serve as easy pathways for Cu diffusion. An ideal barrier system should be free of such micro-defects (e.g., amorphous Ti-Si-N and annealed Ta). The median-time-to-failure (MTTF) of a Ta barrier (30 nm) has been measured at different bias electrical fields and stressing temperatures, and the extrapolated MTTF of such a barrier is > 100 year at an operating condition of 200C and 0.1 MV/cm.

Control of Morphology and Growth Direction of Gallium Nitride Nanostructures

2003 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yong Bae ◽  
Hee Won Seo ◽  
Jeunghee Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gallium Nitride ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxide Mixture ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACTVarious shaped single-crystalline gallium nitride (GaN) nanostructures were produced by chemical vapor deposition method in the temperature range of 900–1200 °C. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, electron energy loss spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence were used to investigate the structural and optical properties of the GaN nanostructures. We controlled the GaN nanostructures by the catalyst and temperature. The cylindrical and triangular shaped nanowires were synthesized using iron and gold nanoparticles as catalysts, respectively, in the temperature range of 900 – 1000 °C. We synthesized the nanobelts, nanosaws, and porous nanowires using gallium source/ boron oxide mixture. When the temperature of source was 1100 °C, the nanobelts having a triangle tip were grown. At the temperature higher up to 1200 °C the nanosaws and porous nanowires were formed with a large scale. The cylindrical nanowires have random growth direction, while the triangular nanowires have uniform growth direction [010]. The growth direction of the nanobelts is perpendicular to the [010]. Interestingly, the nanosaws and porous nanowires exhibit the same growth direction [011]. The shift of Raman, XRD, and PL bands from those of bulk was correlated with the strains of the GaN nanostructures.

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