scholarly journals Point-of-Care Testing-the Key in the Battle against SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1464
Author(s):  
Florina Silvia Iliescu ◽  
Ana Maria Ionescu ◽  
Larisa Gogianu ◽  
Monica Simion ◽  
Violeta Dediu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
User Friendly

The deleterious effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic urged the development of diagnostic tools to manage the spread of disease. Currently, the “gold standard” involves the use of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Even though it is sensitive, specific and applicable for large batches of samples, qRT-PCR is labour-intensive, time-consuming, requires trained personnel and is not available in remote settings. This review summarizes and compares the available strategies for COVID-19: serological testing, Point-of-Care Testing, nanotechnology-based approaches and biosensors. Last but not least, we address the advantages and limitations of these methods as well as perspectives in COVID-19 diagnostics. The effort is constantly focused on understanding the quickly changing landscape of available diagnostic testing of COVID-19 at the clinical levels and introducing reliable and rapid screening point of care testing. The last approach is key to aid the clinical decision-making process for infection control, enhancing an appropriate treatment strategy and prompt isolation of asymptomatic/mild cases. As a viable alternative, Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) is typically low-cost and user-friendly, hence harbouring tremendous potential for rapid COVID-19 diagnosis.

Point-of-Care Testing (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas E. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Subsequent Decrease

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is defined as medical diagnostic testing performed outside the clinical laboratory in close proximity to where the patient is receiving care. POCT is typically performed by non-laboratory personnel and the results are used for clinical decision making. When used appropriately, point-of-care testing (POCT) is a valuable resource during the rapid response system (RRS) activation. Advantages include shortened time between acquiring a sample from the patient and analysis of that sample and a subsequent decrease in time to clinical decision making. Disadvantages revolve largely around the cost of POCT. Driving forces behind the movement towards POCT include care process optimization, improvement of patient outcomes, changing regulatory requirements, and changes in the face of the workforce.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) and evidence-based laboratory medicine (EBLM) – does it leverage any advantage in clinical decision making?

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 471-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Florkowski ◽  
Andrew Don-Wauchope ◽  
Nuria Gimenez ◽  
Karina Rodriguez-Capote ◽  
Julien Wils ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Point Of Care Testing

scholarly journals Using Point of Care Testing to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness in the English primary care sentinel surveillance network

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248123
Author(s):  
Simon de Lusignan ◽  
Uy Hoang ◽  
Harshana Liyanage ◽  
Manasa Tripathy ◽  
Julian Sherlock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Negative Case

Introduction Rapid Point of Care Testing (POCT) for influenza could be used to provide information on influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) as well as influencing clinical decision-making in primary care. Methods We undertook a test negative case control study to estimate the overall and age-specific (6 months-17 years, 18–64 years, ≥65 years old) IVE against medically attended POCT-confirmed influenza. The study took place over the winter of 2019–2020 and was nested within twelve general practices that are part of the Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC), the English sentinel surveillance network. Results 648 POCT were conducted. 193 (29.7%) of those who were swabbed had received the seasonal influenza vaccine. The crude unadjusted overall IVE was 46.1% (95% CI: 13.9–66.3). After adjusting for confounders the overall IVE was 26.0% (95% CI: 0–65.5). In total 211 patients were prescribed an antimicrobial after swab testing. Given a positive influenza POCT result, the odds ratio (OR) of receiving an antiviral was 21.1 (95%CI: 2.4–182.2, p = <0.01) and the OR of being prescribed an antibiotic was 0.6 (95%CI: 0.4–0.9, p = <0.01). Discussion Using influenza POCT in a primary care sentinel surveillance network to estimate IVE is feasible and provides comparable results to published IVE estimates. A further advantage is that near patient testing of influenza is associated with improvements in appropriate antiviral and antibiotic use. Larger, randomised studies are needed in primary care to see if these trends are still present and to explore their impact on outcomes.

A 52-Year-Old Man With Progressive Weakness and Incontinence

2021 ◽  
pp. 194187442110395
Author(s):  
Ayse Altintas ◽  
Ayca Ersen Danyeli ◽  
Subutay Berke Bozkurt ◽  
Sanem Pinar Uysal ◽  
Sergin Akpek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Progressive Weakness ◽  
Over Time

Here we report a challenging case of a 52-year-old man presenting with subacute constipation, urinary retention, impotence, absent Achilles reflexes, and hypoesthesia in S2-S5 dermatomes. We review the clinical decision-making as the symptoms evolved and diagnostic testing changed over time. Once the diagnosis is settled, we discuss the sign and symptoms, additional diagnostic tools, treatment options and prognosis.

A Distance-based Capillary Biosensor Using Wettability Alteration

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yansheng Li ◽  
Xiujin Men ◽  
Guowei Gao ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Yongqiang Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
User Friendly

Distance-based detection methods with quantitative readout are of great significance to point-of-care testing (POCT), which are low-cost, user-friendly and can be integrated into portable analytical devices. Here, we submit a...

scholarly journals Rapid and accurate detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 using CRISPR-Cas3

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Yoshimi ◽  
Kohei Takeshita ◽  
Seiya Yamayoshi ◽  
Satomi Shibumura ◽  
Yuko Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Cleavage ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Type I ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Single Base Pair ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks have rapidly spread to multiple countries, highlighting the urgent necessity for fast, sensitive, and specific diagnostic tools for virus surveillance. Here, the previously unknown collateral single-stranded DNA cleavage we observed with type I CRISPR-Cas3 highlights its potential for development as a Cas3-mediated rapid (within 40 min), low-cost, instrument-free detection method for SARS-CoV-2. This Cas3-based assay is comparable with Cas12- and real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR-based assays in its speed and sensitivity, but offers greater specificity for single-base-pair discrimination while negating the need for highly trained operators. These findings support the use of CRISPR diagnostics for point-of-care testing in patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infections.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care Testing in Rural and Remote Settings to Improve Access and Improve Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. E. Herd ◽  
Samarina M. A. Musaad
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Remote Locations ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics

Context.— Three key guiding principles of rural and remote clinical services are to improve health access, improve outcomes, and reduce inequity. In New Zealand as in other countries, point-of-care testing and technologies can assist in clinical decision-making for acute and chronic conditions and can help to achieve these key health principles for people living in rural and remote locations. This report is a companion article to the other point-of-care testing topics in this special section in this journal. Objective.— To provide readers with insights into where and how point-of-care testing devices and tests can be implemented to improve outcomes in New Zealand settings without on-site pathology laboratory support. The settings in which point-of-care testing devices and the success stories associated with these initiatives include general practices, pharmacies, workplaces, rural hospitals, and sexual health clinics. Data Sources.— The information is extracted from published literature and also first-hand experience in remote and rural New Zealand settings. This report also outlines the regulatory and accreditation challenges relating to point-of-care testing devices in New Zealand and includes advice on the selection of devices, training, and ongoing quality assurance for this type of medical testing in remote locations. Conclusions.— Point-of-care testing in rural remote settings without laboratory support can be challenging and rewarding for clinicians. It is now, and will be in the future, an even more important component of the health system to improve outcomes and reduce inequity.

scholarly journals Microfluidic-based point-of-care testing for disease diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixuan Wen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Precision Testing

The early detection of diseases is important to optimize clinical treatment. To meet the increasing requirement of rapid medical diagnosis, point-of-care testing (POCT) has drawn scientists’ great attention for its outstanding advantages including simple, efficient, inexpensive and instrument-independent. Recent advantages of microfluidic-based diagnosis have played an important role in the significant technological process of POCT, which can achieve rapid diagnosis and provide high precision testing results for correct clinical decision making. This review focuses on design strategies, detection targets and sensing mechanisms of recent microfluidic-based POCT for disease diagnosis. Further, we provide a perspective of the next generation of POCT devices and their future opportunities.

scholarly journals Importance and Feasibility of Point-of-care Testing in Takayasu’s Arteritis

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Sakshi Mehta ◽  
Veena Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Takayasu’S Arteritis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Takayasu's Arteritis ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Protein Assay ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Phase

Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is known to be a unique, rare, and chronic vasculitis disease that affects large elastic arteries such as aorta and its major branches. TAK is characterized by adventitial thickening, weak pulses and ocular disturbances. The prognosis and diagnosis of TAK are challenging due to the non-specific, silent, or paucisymptomatic presentation of the disease. The effective understanding of TAK lies with the timely recognition of the symptoms and a rapid diagnosis of the disease. Point-of-care testing (POCT) is vital for the quick and reliable detection of parameters near bedside for disease diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and therapeutics management. Ultrasonography is the most reliable POCT technique. Moreover, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein assay are the two most valuable non-imaging POCT tests used to determine inflammation and onset of the disease. Other potential biomarkers such as matrix metalloproteinases, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-18 have also been advocated for tracking the progression of TAK. Furthermore, vasculitis associated-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies have also been reported to reflect the inflammatory phase of the disease. Therefore, the development of POCT based on these blood-based biomarkers may help in quick clinical decision-making for early diagnosis of TAK and targeted therapeutics to improve clinical outcome in patients suffering from this debilitating disease.

scholarly journals Novel diagnostics for point-of-care bacterial detection and identification

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (37) ◽  
pp. 21486-21497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savannah Reali ◽  
Elias Y. Najib ◽  
Krisztina E. Treuerné Balázs ◽  
Adeline Chern Hui Tan ◽  
Linda Váradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Bacterial Detection ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Global Action Plan

The WHO global action plan on antimicrobial resistance outlines the need for new diagnostic tools. Point-of-care testing for bacterial infections would enable clinically meaningful interventions using methods that are rapid, low-cost, easy-to-operate, and portable.

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