scholarly journals Electrochemical Cell-Based Sensor for Detection of Food Hazards

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
Lixia Lu ◽  
Zhenguo Zhang ◽  
Liguo Zang
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Easy Operation

People’s health has been threatened by several common food hazards. Thus, it is very important to establish rapid and accurate methods to detect food hazards. In recent years, biosensors have inspired developments because of their specificity and sensitivity, short reaction time, low cost, small size and easy operation. Owing to their high precision and non-destructive characteristics, cell-based electrochemical detection methods can reflect the damage of food hazards to organisms better. In this review, the characteristics of electrochemical cell-based biosensors and their applications in the detection of common hazards in food are reviewed. The strategies of cell immobilization and 3D culture on electrodes are discussed. The current limitations and further development prospects of cell-based electrochemical biosensors are also evaluated.

Study on Chitosan Food Preservatives Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Rui Rui Qin ◽  
Wen Cai Xu ◽  
Dong Li Li ◽  
Shi Yong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coating ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
New Type ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Easy Operation

With the improvement of living standards, the requirement of food quality, nutrition, and freshness have been higher and higher. As the characteristics of highly effective, non-toxic, low cost, easy operation and significantly preservation effect, chitosan has been used widely as a new type of natural antistaling agent. Chitosan fresh-keeping mechanism and application in food preservatives are discussed in this study. From the three aspects of chitosan coating, composite coating, and chitosan modification, this work provides an overview of some researches about chitosan fresh food technology in abroad and domestic. And further development is discussed: the effect of the sole use of chitosan is not very good. Composite coating of chitosan will be more and more attractive with the merits about effectively preventing moisture loss, reducing weightlessness rate and so on. Storage stability about liquid chitosan can be solved by modified chitosan, which will also have a more attractive effect. This paper has theoretical significance to develop chitosan applications in food fresh-keeping technology.

Nanostructured Carbon Electrodes for Increased Power Density in Flow Thermo-Electrochemical Generator Heat Sinks

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Kazim ◽  
Baratunde A. Cola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Density Flow ◽  
Electrochemical Generator ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices ◽  
Further Development

Heat is a by-product of all energy conversion mechanisms. Efforts to utilize and dissipate heat remain a challenge for further development and optimization of energy conversion devices. Stationary thermo-electrochemical cell is a low cost method to harvest heat; however, it suffers from low power density. Flow thermo-electrochemical cell (fTEC) heat sink presents itself as a unique solution as it can simultaneously scavenge and remove heat to maintain devices in the operating range. In this work, multiwalled nanotube (MWNT) electrodes have been used and electrode configuration has been changed to maximize the temperature difference over a small interelectrode separation. As a result, power per unit area of fTEC heat sink has been improved by more than seven-fold to 0.36 W/m2.

Problems and prospects for the Russian banking supervision development in modern conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1283-1296
Author(s):  
K.A. Omarieva ◽  
P.G. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Banking System ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Banking Supervision ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Document Flow ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Development Prospects

Subject. The article addresses problems and prospects for the banking supervision development in the Russian Federation under modern conditions. Objectives. We review the essence and methods of organization of the banking supervision, and identify the main problems and prospects for its development. Methods. To provide valid, reliable and reasoned recommendations, we apply normative and integrated approaches to the study of the banking supervision effectiveness in the current circumstances. Results. The paper investigates main problems and development prospects for the Russian banking supervision. The essential importance of supervision comes from the main role of the banking system in maintaining accounts of economic entities and making settlements. Even minor failures or delays in operations can lead to negative outcomes and disastrous consequences for the entire monetary system and the national economy. Therefore, we highlight issues that require attention, and make proposals for further development of the banking supervision. Conclusions. In the context of dynamically developing economy, the banking practice is becoming more complex. As a result, there is a need for new financial instruments that can reduce risks, increase the speed and efficiency of operations and document flow, and help achieve the world levels of introduced standards.

Fault Localization of Power-Ground Short via Signal Injection and Oscilloscope Technique

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Fault Localization ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Good Working ◽  
Signal Injection ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Short Circuit Condition

Abstract For those attempting fault isolation on computer motherboard power-ground short issues, the optimal technique should utilize existing test equipment available in the debug facility, requiring no specialty equipment as well as needing a minimum of training to use effectively. The test apparatus should be both easy to set up and easy to use. This article describes the signal injection and oscilloscope technique which meets the above requirements. The signal injection and oscilloscope technique is based on the application of Ohm's law in a short-circuit condition. Two experiments were conducted to prove the effectiveness of these techniques. Both experiments simulate a short-circuit condition on the VCC3 power rail of a good working PC motherboard and then apply the signal injection and oscilloscope technique to localize the short. The technique described is a simple, low cost and non-destructive method that helps to find the location of the power-ground short quickly and effectively.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

scholarly journals Rapid and Sensitive Detection of miRNA Based on AC Electrokinetic Capacitive Sensing for Point-of-Care Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3985
Author(s):  
Nan Wan ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Jiamei Huang ◽  
Rania Oueslati ◽  
Shigetoshi Eda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Capacitive Sensing ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Mirna Detection ◽  
Mirna 25 ◽  
Low Sensitivity

A sensitive and efficient method for microRNAs (miRNAs) detection is strongly desired by clinicians and, in recent years, the search for such a method has drawn much attention. There has been significant interest in using miRNA as biomarkers for multiple diseases and conditions in clinical diagnostics. Presently, most miRNA detection methods suffer from drawbacks, e.g., low sensitivity, long assay time, expensive equipment, trained personnel, or unsuitability for point-of-care. New methodologies are needed to overcome these limitations to allow rapid, sensitive, low-cost, easy-to-use, and portable methods for miRNA detection at the point of care. In this work, to overcome these shortcomings, we integrated capacitive sensing and alternating current electrokinetic effects to detect specific miRNA-16b molecules, as a model, with the limit of detection reaching 1.0 femto molar (fM) levels. The specificity of the sensor was verified by testing miRNA-25, which has the same length as miRNA-16b. The sensor we developed demonstrated significant improvements in sensitivity, response time and cost over other miRNA detection methods, and has application potential at point-of-care.

scholarly journals The grades and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and weighing sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supakorn Harnsoongnoen ◽  
Nuananong Jaroensuk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Egg Freshness

AbstractThe water displacement and flotation are two of the most accurate and rapid methods for grading and assessing freshness of agricultural products based on density determination. However, these techniques are still not suitable for use in agricultural inspections of products such as eggs that absorb water which can be considered intrusive or destructive and can affect the result of measurements. Here we present a novel proposal for a method of non-destructive, non-invasive, low cost, simple and real—time monitoring of the grading and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and a weighing sensor. This is the first proposal that divides egg freshness into intervals through density measurements. The machine vision system was developed for the measurement of external physical characteristics (length and breadth) of eggs for evaluating their volume. The weighing system was developed for the measurement of the weight of the egg. Egg weight and volume were used to calculate density for grading and egg freshness assessment. The proposed system could measure the weight, volume and density with an accuracy of 99.88%, 98.26% and 99.02%, respectively. The results showed that the weight and freshness of eggs stored at room temperature decreased with storage time. The relationship between density and percentage of freshness was linear for the all sizes of eggs, the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9982, 0.9999, 0.9996, 0.9996 and 0.9994 for classified egg size classified 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. This study shows that egg freshness can be determined through density without using water to test for water displacement or egg flotation which has future potential as a measuring system important for the poultry industry.

scholarly journals Simultaneously Regulating Uniform Zn2+ Flux and Electron Conduction by MOF/rGO Interlayers for High-Performance Zn Anodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqi Wang ◽  
Liubing Dong ◽  
Weiyuan Huang ◽  
Hao Jia ◽  
Qinghe Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Electron Conduction ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Further Development

AbstractOwing to the merits of low cost, high safety and environmental benignity, rechargeable aqueous Zn-based batteries (ZBs) have gained tremendous attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the poor reversibility of Zn anodes that originates from dendrite growth, surface passivation and corrosion, severely hinders the further development of ZBs. To tackle these issues, here we report a Janus separator based on a Zn-ion conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which is able to regulate uniform Zn2+ flux and electron conduction simultaneously during battery operation. Facilitated by the MOF/rGO bifunctional interlayers, the Zn anodes demonstrate stable plating/stripping behavior (over 500 h at 1 mA cm−2), high Coulombic efficiency (99.2% at 2 mA cm−2 after 100 cycles) and reduced redox barrier. Moreover, it is also found that the Zn corrosion can be effectively retarded through diminishing the potential discrepancy on Zn surface. Such a separator engineering also saliently promotes the overall performance of Zn|MnO2 full cells, which deliver nearly 100% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 4 A g−1 and high power density over 10 kW kg−1. This work provides a feasible route to the high-performance Zn anodes for ZBs.

scholarly journals A Proposal of a Motion Measurement System to Support Visually Impaired People in Rehabilitation Using Low-Cost Inertial Sensors

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Karla Miriam Reyes Leiva ◽  
Milagros Jaén-Vargas ◽  
Miguel Ángel Cuba ◽  
Sergio Sánchez Lara ◽  
José Javier Serrano Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Impaired Person ◽  
Further Development

The rehabilitation of a visually impaired person (VIP) is a systematic process where the person is provided with tools that allow them to deal with the impairment to achieve personal autonomy and independence, such as training for the use of the long cane as a tool for orientation and mobility (O&M). This process must be trained personally by specialists, leading to a limitation of human, technological and structural resources in some regions, especially those with economical narrow circumstances. A system to obtain information about the motion of the long cane and the leg using low-cost inertial sensors was developed to provide an overview of quantitative parameters such as sweeping coverage and gait analysis, that are currently visually analyzed during rehabilitation. The system was tested with 10 blindfolded volunteers in laboratory conditions following constant contact, two points touch, and three points touch travel techniques. The results indicate that the quantification system is reliable for measuring grip rotation, safety zone, sweeping amplitude and hand position using orientation angles with an accuracy of around 97.62%. However, a new method or an improvement of hardware must be developed to improve gait parameters’ measurements, since the step length measurement presented a mean accuracy of 94.62%. The system requires further development to be used as an aid in the rehabilitation process of the VIP. Now, it is a simple and low-cost technological aid that has the potential to improve the current practice of O&M.

scholarly journals A Survey on Deep Learning Based Methods and Datasets for Monocular 3D Object Detection

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Seong-heum Kim ◽  
Youngbae Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
3D Object ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Depth Sensors ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
3D Object Detection

Owing to recent advancements in deep learning methods and relevant databases, it is becoming increasingly easier to recognize 3D objects using only RGB images from single viewpoints. This study investigates the major breakthroughs and current progress in deep learning-based monocular 3D object detection. For relatively low-cost data acquisition systems without depth sensors or cameras at multiple viewpoints, we first consider existing databases with 2D RGB photos and their relevant attributes. Based on this simple sensor modality for practical applications, deep learning-based monocular 3D object detection methods that overcome significant research challenges are categorized and summarized. We present the key concepts and detailed descriptions of representative single-stage and multiple-stage detection solutions. In addition, we discuss the effectiveness of the detection models on their baseline benchmarks. Finally, we explore several directions for future research on monocular 3D object detection.

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