Nanostructured Carbon Electrodes for Increased Power Density in Flow Thermo-Electrochemical Generator Heat Sinks

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Kazim ◽  
Baratunde A. Cola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Density Flow ◽  
Electrochemical Generator ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices ◽  
Further Development

Heat is a by-product of all energy conversion mechanisms. Efforts to utilize and dissipate heat remain a challenge for further development and optimization of energy conversion devices. Stationary thermo-electrochemical cell is a low cost method to harvest heat; however, it suffers from low power density. Flow thermo-electrochemical cell (fTEC) heat sink presents itself as a unique solution as it can simultaneously scavenge and remove heat to maintain devices in the operating range. In this work, multiwalled nanotube (MWNT) electrodes have been used and electrode configuration has been changed to maximize the temperature difference over a small interelectrode separation. As a result, power per unit area of fTEC heat sink has been improved by more than seven-fold to 0.36 W/m2.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Oxygen Electrocatalysts Based on Perovskite Oxides

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xu ◽  
Chan Chen ◽  
Zhifei Han ◽  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Junsheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Perovskite Oxides ◽  
Air Battery ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Electrochemical Oxygen

Electrochemical oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution are two key processes that limit the efficiency of important energy conversion devices such as metal–air battery and electrolysis. Perovskite oxides are receiving discernable attention as potential bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts to replace precious metals because of their low cost, good activity, and versatility. In this review, we provide a brief summary on the fundamentals of perovskite oxygen electrocatalysts and a detailed discussion on emerging high-performance oxygen electrocatalysts based on perovskite, which include perovskite with a controlled composition, perovskite with high surface area, and perovskite composites. Challenges and outlooks in the further development of perovskite oxygen electrocatalysts are also presented.

Design and Structural Testing of Blades for a 2MW Floating Tidal Energy Conversion Device

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Structural Testing ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
Tidal Turbine ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices

Abstract. The floating tidal energy is increasingly recognised to have the potential of delivering a step-change cost reduction to the tidal energy sector, by extracting energy from deeper water sites through energy conversion devices. To ensure the normal operation of a tidal energy convertor within its service life, the device should be designed properly and evaluated through a series of strength and durability testing. The Large Structures Research Group at NUI Galway is working closely with, renewable energy company, Orbital Marine Power and, blade manufacture, ÉireComposites Teo, to design and test the next generation of SR2000 tidal turbine blade, with aims to increase the turbine power production rate and to refine the design for low cost. This paper presents a brief description of the structural design and testing of a blade for the O2-2000 tidal turbine, one of the largest tidal turbines in the world. NUI Galway will utilise their in-house software, BladeComp, to find a blade laminates design that balances both blade strength and material cost. The structural performance of the designed blade will be assessed by conducting static and fatigue testing. To achieve this objective, a support frame to fix the blade is designed, a load application device is introduced and the methodology for design tidal loading conversion is proposed in order to complete the testing at NUI Galway.

Design and Development of a Real-time Characterization System for Energy Conversion Devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 007-013
Author(s):  
J. Riquelme A. ◽  
P. J. Sebastian ◽  
S. A. Gamboa ◽  
J. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Electronic Circuit ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Feedback Control System ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices

In this communication it is presented an electronic system for acquiring data from experimental energy conversion devices such as solar cells and fuel cells for micro-electronic applications. The electronic system consists of a software installed in a personal computer and an electronic circuit coupled to a four-wire terminal where the electrical variables like voltage and current can be measured from experimental cells. The software contains a feedback control system for allowing the maximum power transfer from the energy conversion device to the electrical load. It is possible to record and plot the obtained data in real time for a dynamic analysis of the experimental devices at transient or stable state conditions. It is a portable and low-cost device useful for educational and research purposes.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Quantum Efficiency of A Dye-Sensitized Electrochemical Cell by using Triturated Zinc Oxide Mixed with Two Organic Dyes, Azure C and Rose bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Poonam Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Ruma Basu ◽  
Sukhen Das ◽  
Durga Shankar Bhar ◽  
Rajkumar Manchanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Band Absorption

For efficiently utilizing solar energy, when suitable nanoparticles are being engineered, triturated zinc oxide an eco-friendly, easily available, low cost material has been used as an agent for solar energy conversion. Two organic dyes Azure C and Rose bengal having absorption bands in two different spectral regions at 545 nm and 610 nm respectively, were chosen in order to overcome the band absorption limits of each dye and utilize the broad spectrum of solar radiation. The material was mixed with these two dyes in a specially devised electrochemical cell and photovoltage with significant efficiency was generated. The energy conversion efficiency of the cell using three different potencies 6C, 30C and 200C of triturated zinc oxide with same concentration of two dyes (0.5x10-5 M) in all cases are 0.39%, 0.43% and 0.35% respectively. The efficiency is only 0.15% for the mixed dye under similar conditions.

Modular Heat Sinks for Enhanced Thermal Management of Electronics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jahidul Hoque ◽  
Alperen Günay ◽  
Andrew Stillwell ◽  
Yashraj Gurumukhi ◽  
Robert Pilawa-Podgurski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Electronics ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Thermal Interface Material ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Electrical Potential Difference ◽  
Electrical Isolation

Abstract Power electronics are vital for the generation, conversion, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy. Improving the efficiency, power density, and reliability of power electronics is an important challenge that can be addressed with electro-thermal co-design and optimization. Current thermal management approaches utilize metallic heat sinks, resulting in parasitic load generation due to different potentials between electronic components on the printed circuit board (PCB). To enable electrical isolation, a thermal interface material (TIM) or gap pad is placed between the PCB and heat sink, resulting in poor heat transfer. Here, we develop an approach to eliminate TIMs and gap pads through modularization of metallic heat sinks. The use of smaller modular heat sinks (MHSs) strategically placed on high power dissipation areas of the PCB enables elimination of electrical potential difference, and removal of electrical isolation materials, resulting in better cooling performance due to direct contact between devices and the heat sink. By studying a gallium nitride (GaN) 2kW DC-DC power converter as a test platform for electro-thermal co-design using the modular approach, and benchmarking performance with a commercial off-the-shelf heat sink design, we showed identical power dissipation rates with a 54% reduction in heat sink volume and a 8°C reduction in maximum GaN device temperature. In addition to thermal performance improvement, the MHS design showed a 73% increase in specific power density with a 22% increase in volumetric power density.

An Elaborate Review for Micro-Fin Heat Sink

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1A) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Ibtisam A. Hasan ◽  
Sahar R. Fafraj ◽  
Israa A. Mohmmad
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Pin Fins

Heat sinks are low cost, the process of manufacturing reliability, and design simplicity which leads to taking into consideration various cutting-edge applications for heat transfer. Like stationary, fuel cells, automotive electronic devices also PV panels cooling and other various applications to improve the heat sinks thermal performance. The aim is to focus on some countless fundamental issues in domains such as; mechanics of fluids and heat transfer, sophisticated prediction for temperature distribution, high heat flux removal, and thermal resistance reduction. The outcome of this survey concluded that the best configuration of heat sinks has a thermal resistance about (0.140 K/W to 0.250 K/W) along with a drop of pressure less than (90.0 KPa) with a temperature gradient about 2 °C/mm. Heat sinks with square pin fins lead to enhance the effectiveness of heat dissipation than heat sinks with microcolumn pin fins. While other researches recommend the use of high conductive coating contains nano-particles. The present survey focuses on the researches about future heat sink with micro fin and the development to resolve the fundamental issues. The main benefits and boundaries of micro fins heat sink briefed.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Cell-Based Sensor for Detection of Food Hazards

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
Lixia Lu ◽  
Zhenguo Zhang ◽  
Liguo Zang
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Easy Operation

People’s health has been threatened by several common food hazards. Thus, it is very important to establish rapid and accurate methods to detect food hazards. In recent years, biosensors have inspired developments because of their specificity and sensitivity, short reaction time, low cost, small size and easy operation. Owing to their high precision and non-destructive characteristics, cell-based electrochemical detection methods can reflect the damage of food hazards to organisms better. In this review, the characteristics of electrochemical cell-based biosensors and their applications in the detection of common hazards in food are reviewed. The strategies of cell immobilization and 3D culture on electrodes are discussed. The current limitations and further development prospects of cell-based electrochemical biosensors are also evaluated.

scholarly journals Nanoplasmonic for Solar Energy Conversion Devices

Solar Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samy K.K. Shaat ◽  
Hussam Musleh ◽  
Jihad Asad ◽  
Nabil Shurrab ◽  
Ahmed Issa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Solar Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Conversion Devices

scholarly journals Na0.76V6O15/Activated Carbon Hybrid Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Renwei Lu ◽  
Xiaolong Ren ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Changzhen Zhan ◽  
Ding Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Artificial Graphite

Lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LICs) are regarded as one of the most promising next generation energy storage devices. Commercial activated carbon materials with low cost and excellent cycling stability are widely used as cathode materials for LICs, however, their low energy density remains a significant challenge for the practical applications of LICs. Herein, Na0.76V6O15 nanobelts (NaVO) were prepared and combined with commercial activated carbon YP50D to form hybrid cathode materials. Credit to the synergism of its capacitive effect and diffusion-controlled faradaic effect, NaVO/C hybrid cathode displays both superior cyclability and enhanced capacity. LICs were assembled with the as-prepared NaVO/C hybrid cathode and artificial graphite anode which was pre-lithiated. Furthermore, 10-NaVO/C//AG LIC delivers a high energy density of 118.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 220.6 W kg−1 and retains 43.7 Wh kg−1 even at a high power density of 21,793.0 W kg−1. The LIC can also maintain long-term cycling stability with capacitance retention of approximately 70% after 5000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Accordingly, hybrid cathodes composed of commercial activated carbon and a small amount of high energy battery-type materials are expected to be a candidate for low-cost advanced LICs with both high energy density and power density.

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