scholarly journals Inertial Microfluidics Enabling Clinical Research

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Srivathsan Kalyan ◽  
Corinna Torabi ◽  
Harrison Khoo ◽  
Hyun Woo Sung ◽  
Sung-Eun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Inertial Microfluidics ◽  
Inertial Focusing ◽  
Viscous Forces ◽  
Solution Exchange ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Improving Accuracy ◽  
Hybrid Devices

Fast and accurate interrogation of complex samples containing diseased cells or pathogens is important to make informed decisions on clinical and public health issues. Inertial microfluidics has been increasingly employed for such investigations to isolate target bioparticles from liquid samples with size and/or deformability-based manipulation. This phenomenon is especially useful for the clinic, owing to its rapid, label-free nature of target enrichment that enables further downstream assays. Inertial microfluidics leverages the principle of inertial focusing, which relies on the balance of inertial and viscous forces on particles to align them into size-dependent laminar streamlines. Several distinct microfluidic channel geometries (e.g., straight, curved, spiral, contraction-expansion array) have been optimized to achieve inertial focusing for a variety of purposes, including particle purification and enrichment, solution exchange, and particle alignment for on-chip assays. In this review, we will discuss how inertial microfluidics technology has contributed to improving accuracy of various assays to provide clinically relevant information. This comprehensive review expands upon studies examining both endogenous and exogenous targets from real-world samples, highlights notable hybrid devices with dual functions, and comments on the evolving outlook of the field.

scholarly journals Differential Sorting of Microparticles Using Spiral Microchannels with Elliptic Configurations

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Kaan Erdem ◽  
Vahid Ebrahimpour Ahmadi ◽  
Ali Kosar ◽  
Lütfullah Kuddusi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Sorting ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Inertial Focusing ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Curved Channels ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Dependent Cell

Label-free, size-dependent cell-sorting applications based on inertial focusing phenomena have attracted much interest during the last decade. The separation capability heavily depends on the precision of microparticle focusing. In this study, five-loop spiral microchannels with a height of 90 µm and a width of 500 µm are introduced. Unlike their original spiral counterparts, these channels have elliptic configurations of varying initial aspect ratios, namely major axis to minor axis ratios of 3:2, 11:9, 9:11, and 2:3. Accordingly, the curvature of these configurations increases in a curvilinear manner through the channel. The effects of the alternating curvature and channel Reynolds number on the focusing of fluorescent microparticles with sizes of 10 and 20 µm in the prepared suspensions were investigated. At volumetric flow rates between 0.5 and 3.5 mL/min (allowing separation), each channel was tested to collect samples at the designated outlets. Then, these samples were analyzed by counting the particles. These curved channels were capable of separating 20 and 10 µm particles with total yields up to approximately 95% and 90%, respectively. The results exhibited that the level of enrichment and the focusing behavior of the proposed configurations are promising compared to the existing microfluidic channel configurations.

scholarly journals Cellular lensing and near infrared fluorescent nanosensor arrays to enable chemical efflux cytometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Yeon Cho ◽  
Xun Gong ◽  
Volodymyr B. Koman ◽  
Matthias Kuehne ◽  
Sun Jin Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Nanotube Array ◽  
Chemical Cytometry ◽  
Rich Information ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractNanosensors have proven to be powerful tools to monitor single cells, achieving spatiotemporal precision even at molecular level. However, there has not been way of extending this approach to statistically relevant numbers of living cells. Herein, we design and fabricate nanosensor array in microfluidics that addresses this limitation, creating a Nanosensor Chemical Cytometry (NCC). nIR fluorescent carbon nanotube array is integrated along microfluidic channel through which flowing cells is guided. We can utilize the flowing cell itself as highly informative Gaussian lenses projecting nIR profiles and extract rich information. This unique biophotonic waveguide allows for quantified cross-correlation of biomolecular information with various physical properties and creates label-free chemical cytometer for cellular heterogeneity measurement. As an example, the NCC can profile the immune heterogeneities of human monocyte populations at attomolar sensitivity in completely non-destructive and real-time manner with rate of ~600 cells/hr, highest range demonstrated to date for state-of-the-art chemical cytometry.

scholarly journals Design Methodology of Passive In-Line Relays for Molecular Communication in Flow-Induced Microfluidic Channel

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Puneet Manocha ◽  
Gitanjali Chandwani
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Molecular Communication ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Molecular Communication Systems ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
On Chip

Molecular communication is a bioinspired communication that enables macro-scale, micro-scale and nano-scale devices to communicate with each other. The molecular communication system is prone to severe signal attenuation, dispersion and delay, which leads to performance degradation as the distance between two communicating devices increases. To mitigate these challenges, relays are used to establish reliable communication in microfluidic channels. Relay assisted molecular communication systems can also enable interconnection among various entities of the lab-on-chip for sharing information. Various relaying schemes have been proposed for reliable molecular communication systems, most of which lack practical feasibility. Thus, it is essential to design and develop relays that can be practically incorporated into the microfluidic channel. This paper presents a novel design of passive in-line relay for molecular communication system that can be easily embedded in the microfluidic channel and operate without external energy. Results show that geometric modification in the microfluidic channel can act as a relay and restore the degraded signal up-to 28%.

Microfluidic Channel Fabrication With Tailored Wall Roughness

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ren ◽  
Sriram Sundararajan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Etch Depth ◽  
Wall Roughness ◽  
Random Surface ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Autocorrelation Length

Realistic random roughness of channel surfaces is known to affect the fluid flow behavior in microscale fluidic devices. This has relevance particularly for applications involving non-Newtonian fluids, such as biomedical lab-on-chip devices. In this study, a surface texturing process was developed and integrated into microfluidic channel fabrication. The process combines colloidal masking and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) for generating random surfaces with desired roughness parameters on the micro/nanoscale. The surface texturing process was shown to be able to tailor the random surface roughness on quartz. A Large range of particle coverage (around 6% to 67%) was achieved using dip coating and drop casting methods using a polystyrene colloidal solution. A relation between the amplitude roughness, autocorrelation length, etch depth and particle coverage of the processed surface was built. Experimental results agreed reasonably well with model predictions. The processed substrate was further incorporated into microchannel fabrication. Final device with designed wall roughness was tested and proved a satisfying sealing performance.

On-Chip Fabrication of None-Dead-Volume Microtips for ESI-MS Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Che Hsin Lin ◽  
Jen Taie Shiea ◽  
Yen Lieng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Dead Volume ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Rapid Fabrication ◽  
Chip Fabrication ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Highly Uniform

This paper proposes a novel method to on-chip fabricate a none-dead-volume microtip for ESI-MS applications. The microfluidic chip and ESI tip are fabricated in low-cost plastic based materials using a simple and rapid fabrication process. A constant-speed-pulling method is developed to fabricate the ESI tip by pulling mixed PMMA glue using a 30-μm stainless wire through the pre-formed microfluidic channel. The equilibrium of surface tension of PMMA glue will result in a sharp tip after curing. A highly uniform micro-tip can be formed directly at the outlet of the microfluidic channel with minimum dead-volume zone. Detection of caffeine, myoglobin, lysozyme and cytochrome C biosamples confirms the microchip device can be used for high resolution ESI-MS applications.

High-throughput concentration of rare malignant tumor cells from large-volume effusions by multistage inertial microfluidics

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Xiang ◽  
Zhonghua Ni
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Inertial Microfluidics ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusions ◽  
On Chip

On-chip concentration of rare malignant tumor cells (MTCs) in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) with a large volume is challenging. Previous microfluidic concentrators suffer from a low concentration factor (CF) and...

scholarly journals An Aptamer-Based Capacitive Sensing Platform for Specific Detection of Lung Carcinoma Cells in the Microfluidic Chip

Biosensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoc-Viet Nguyen ◽  
Chun-Hao Yang ◽  
Chung-Jung Liu ◽  
Chao-Hung Kuo ◽  
Deng-Chyang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Label Free Detection

Improvement of methods for reliable and early diagnosis of the cellular diseases is necessary. A biological selectivity probe, such as an aptamer, is one of the candidate recognition layers that can be used to detect important biomolecules. Lung cancer is currently a typical cause of cancer-related deaths. In this work, an electrical sensing platform is built based on amine-terminated aptamer modified-gold electrodes for the specific, label-free detection of a human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). The microdevice, that includes a coplanar electrodes configuration and a simple microfluidic channel on a glass substrate, is fabricated using standard photolithography and cast molding techniques. A procedure of self-assembly onto the gold surface is proposed. Optical microscope observations and electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements confirm that the fabricated microchip can specifically and effectively identify A549 cells. In the experiments, the capacitance element that is dominant in the change of the impedance is calculated at the appropriate frequency for evaluation of the sensitivity of the biosensor. Therefore, a simple, inexpensive, biocompatible, and selective biosensor that has the potential to detect early-stage lung cancer would be developed.

scholarly journals Acute On-Chip HIV Detection Through Label-Free Electrical Sensing of Viral Nano-Lysate

Small ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 2553-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Shafiee ◽  
Muntasir Jahangir ◽  
Fatih Inci ◽  
ShuQi Wang ◽  
Remington B. M. Willenbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Label Free ◽  
Electrical Sensing ◽  
On Chip

Establishment of screening system toward discovery of kinase inhibitors using label-free on-chip phosphorylation assays

Biosystems ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Inamori ◽  
Motoki Kyo ◽  
Kazuki Matsukawa ◽  
Yusuke Inoue ◽  
Tatsuhiko Sonoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Screening System ◽  
Label Free ◽  
On Chip
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document