scholarly journals Stamping Nanoparticles onto the Electrode for Rapid Electrochemical Analysis in Microfluidics

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Son ◽  
Edgar C. Buck ◽  
Shawn L. Riechers ◽  
Xiao-Ying Yu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Sin Membrane ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Electrode Fabrication ◽  
Secondary Ion

Electrochemical analysis is an efficient way to study various materials. However, nanoparticles are challenging due to the difficulty in fabricating a uniform electrode containing nanoparticles. We developed novel approaches to incorporate nanoparticles as a working electrode (WE) in a three-electrode microfluidic electrochemical cell. Specifically, conductive epoxy was used as a medium for direct application of nanoparticles onto the electrode surface. Three approaches in this work were illustrated, including sequence stamping, mix stamping, and droplet stamping. Shadow masking was used to form the conductive structure in the WE surface on a thin silicon nitride (SiN) membrane. Two types of nanomaterials, namely cerium oxide (CeO2) and graphite, were chosen as representative nanoparticles. The as-fabricated electrodes with attached particles were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Electrochemical analysis was performed to verify the feasibility of these nanoparticles as electrodes. Nanomaterials can be quickly assessed for their electrochemical properties using these new electrode fabrication methods in a microfluidic cell, offering a passport for rapid nanomaterial electrochemical analysis in the future.

Latest developments for microstructural and chemical characterization of diffusion bonding in superplastic 8090 Al–Li alloys

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ureña ◽  
J. M. Gómez de Salazar ◽  
J. J. Martín ◽  
J. Quiñones
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Bond Line ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Bond Interface ◽  
Secondary Ion

This paper describes a new application of two complementary surface characterization techniques to study solid-state bonding in an Al–Li alloy. Through the two mentioned techniques, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), important findings about what takes place in the bond interface have been determined. These findings enclose both the formation of discontinuous mixed oxides and the evolution of Li through the bond line and into theadjacent diffusion affected zones. Homogenization of Li and Cu alloyelements has been detected even in those cases where a metallic interlayer was used to favor the union.

ToF-SIMS Study of Polymer Nanocomposites.

2000 ◽  
Vol 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Zaitsev ◽  
Young-Soo Seo ◽  
Kwanwoo Shin ◽  
Wenhua Zhang ◽  
Steven A. Schwarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
2D Data ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Pmma Blends

ABSTRACTFilms of deuterated polystyrene (dPS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends, as well as dPS and PMMA and poly(ethylene-co-propylene) (PEP) blends have been spin-cast from toluene solution and annealed at temperatures above their glass transition temperatures for up to 72 hours. Surface topography of the cast and annealed films was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to study microphase segregation of the polymer films. A series of two-dimensional (2D) images of the films were acquired during sample sputtering. A reconstruction of the sample three-dimensional (3D) structure from 2D data was performed. Spatial distributions of H, D, C, O, and higher mass fragments revealed microphases with dimensions on the order of a few microns. We describe the method that corrects height distortion to 3D SIMS images. After sputtering, AFM is used to produce a topographic image of the area analyzed by SIMS. The surface height variation array from SIMS data was compared with that observed by AFM. A limitation of the correction method is discussed.

Windows into Microbial Seascapes: Advances in Nanoscale Imaging and Application to Marine Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon T. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging ◽  
Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy ◽  
Phenotypic Variations ◽  
Secondary Ion

Geochemical cycles of all nonconservative elements are mediated by microorganisms over nanometer spatial scales. The pelagic seascape is known to possess microstructure imposed by heterogeneous distributions of particles, polymeric gels, biologically important chemicals, and microbes. While indispensable, most traditional oceanographic observational approaches overlook this heterogeneity and ignore subtleties, such as activity hot spots, symbioses, niche partitioning, and intrapopulation phenotypic variations, that can provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of planktonic ecosystem function. As part of the movement toward cultivation-independent tools in microbial oceanography, techniques to examine the ecophysiology of individual populations and their role in chemical transformations at spatial scales relevant to microorganisms have been developed. This review presents technologies that enable geochemical and microbiological interrogations at spatial scales ranging from 0.02 to a few hundred micrometers, particularly focusing on atomic force microscopy, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and confocal Raman microspectroscopy and introducing promising approaches for future applications in marine sciences.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Growth of Gallium Nitride by the Chemical Vapor Reaction Process (CVRP)

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Callahan ◽  
M. Harris ◽  
M. Suscavage ◽  
D. Bliss ◽  
J. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Reaction Process ◽  
Seeded Growth ◽  
Bulk Crystal Growth ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
New Process ◽  
Secondary Ion

A new process for synthesis and bulk crystal growth of GaN is described. GaN single crystal c-plane platelets up to 9mm by 2mm by 100μm thick have been grown by the Chemical Vapor Reaction Process (CVRP). The reaction between gallium and a nitrogen precursor is produced by sublimation of solid ammonium chloride in a carrier gas, which passes over gallium at a temperature of approximately 900°C at near atmospheric pressures. Growth rates for the platelets were 25-100 μm/hr in the hexagonal plane. Seeded growth in the c-direction was also accomplished by re-growth on previously grown c-plane platelets. The crystals were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, atomic force microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, inert gas fusion, and room temperature Hall effect and resistivity measurements.

scholarly journals The Oleofobization of Paper via Plasma Treatment

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2148
Author(s):  
Matic Resnik ◽  
Eva Levičnik ◽  
Žiga Gosar ◽  
Rok Zaplotnik ◽  
Janez Kovač ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Plasma Reactors ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Secondary Ion

Cellulose is a promising biomass material suitable for high volume applications. Its potential lies in sustainability, which is becoming one of the leading trends in industry. However, there are certain drawbacks of cellulose materials which limit their use, especially their high wettability and low barrier properties, which can be overcome by applying thin coatings. Plasma technologies present a high potential for deposition of thin environmentally friendly and recyclable coatings. In this paper, two different plasma reactors were used for coating two types of cellulose-based substrates with hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). The changes in surface characteristics were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface free energy and contact angles measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Successful oleofobization was observed for an industrial scale reactor where pure HMDSO was used in the absence of oxygen.

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